完型填空答题技巧

完形填空解题技巧一、完形填空的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？（一）从文章结构看1.首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2.短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次1.句子层次的设空例：(WhenIwasthirteen46old,myfatherfoundajobinthecity.46.A.daysB.weeksC.monthsD.years答案：D指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？2.句群层次的设空前制性设空后制性设空指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。•完形填空解题五技巧•一、根据“词语同现”解题•“词语同现”，也有人称之为“词场”。同现词之间有同义、反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等，如differently与indifference；different与same，similar；cruel与friendly；ill与pale，patient，doctor，operation等，根据此相关信息确定答案。•二、根据“词语复现”解题•“词语复现”是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一语篇中“重复出现”。“词语复现”有原词复现，同源词复现(即同根词)、同义词或近义词复现，如ill与sickness，上下义复现(即概括与分述，如animal是sheep，tiger，wolf等的上义词；rose是flower的下义词);反义复现(如wrong与right)等。•了解词语复现这种衔接手段，有助于快速准确地解答完形填空题。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？前制性设空例：ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadto____infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!A.writeB.speakC.singD.dance后制性设空例：1).Nobody____himinthevillage.Onedayhesaidtothem,“Iknowyoudon’tlikeme…”A.believedB.likedC.hatedD.knew2).Countrymusiccomesfrom____kindsofmusic.OneisthetraditionalmusicoftallmountainpeopleintheeasternUnitedStates.TheotheristraditionalcowboymusicfromtheAmericanWest.A.manyB.allC.twoD.threeBBC二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？3.语篇性设空IworkasavolunteerforanorganizationthathelpsthepoorinHaiti.RecentlyItookmysonBarrettthereforaweek,hopingto1him….Soonhewillcelebratehis18thbirthday.Hewillbeaman.(最后一句话)()1.A.comfortB.pleaseC.attractD.educateD指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。1.MrBlackisadoctor,heworksinthe______.hospitalnightno/littlepassbutChallengeYourself2.Anursenotonlyworksintheday,butalsoworksduringthe_______.3.Heisratherbusy,sohehas_____timetohavelunchathome.4.WehaveanEnglishtestthisterm,it'sveryeasy,moststudentscan_______thistest.5.Thewholeclasswenttothezooyesterday,theywereverytired________happy.四、解题技巧点拨（一）_______________________________________________。（二）_______________________________________________。（三）_______________________________________________。细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意理解词义，瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心解题方法和技巧一.逻辑关系法。考生要学会正确恰当地使用那些表示逻辑关系的关联词，使文章前后连贯，机构紧凑，过渡自然。时间：when,while,as,before,after,until,not…until,since条件:if,unless,让步:though,although,as,eventhough,evenif方式:as,asif/asthough地点:where比较:more…than,as…as,notso…as,thesameas,原因:because,as,for,since结果:sothat,suchthat目的so…that,such…that,inorderthat•【典例】•...Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitiscrueltoeatanimals，butothersarguethattheycaneatmeatand________bekindtoanimals.•A．stillB．even•C．laterD．somehow•解析句意：一些人选择不吃肉，因为他们相信吃动物是残酷的，但是其他人争论说他们可以吃肉，同时仍然对动物慈善。上下为“转折关系”，故选A项。•二.根据“背景常识”解题•将文段意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常是交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理；逻辑推理离不开背景常识。Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle__44__thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhavefortyminutesineachclass.44.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later【2009·重庆】√fiftyforty解题技巧三根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理三、选项中单词及词组的辨析1.判断词义（近义词辨析）2.判断词性3.判断词形•“前后搭配”解题•“前后搭配”主要指动词与介词的搭配、动宾搭配以及句式搭配等。能不能搭配，除涉及词语的用法外，还需要综合语法知识及常识等来判断。1.A.woreB.hadonC.dressedD.puton（）Alittlecocklivedneartheriver.Onemorningthelittlecock1hisbeautifulclothesandwentforawalkbytheriver.Onhiswayhemetalittleduck.词义型BACK扎实基础，辨析词意•句式结构的搭配•...IwasgrowingupinKualaLumpurintheearly1960s，__38__childrenfromdifferentracesandreligionsplayedandstudiedtogetherinharmony.Atthattimemyfamilylivedastone'sthrowfromIsmail's...•38．A.whyB．which•C．howD．when•解析分析句子可知，非限制性定语从句__38__childrenfromdifferentracesandreligions...修饰先行词theearly1960s，所以需填表时间的关系副词when，故答案为D项。完形填空的解题思路总则：在把握整体的基础上对句子内部的情况进行分析跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破ThemomentIsteppedofftheplaneafterawriter’sconference,myyoungestsonJeremygreetedmeandcriedout,“Posterpaper,Mama!Ineedposterpaper.We’rehavinga21atschool.”Beingahousewifeandwriter,IfeltlikenomatterhowhardItried,Icouldn’tkeepupwiththeneedsofmy22.Backathome,Jeremykeptremindingmeoftheposterpaper,butIjustcouldn’t23aminuteforit.Graduallythough,hebegantospeakmore24,almost25heweretalkingtohimself.Maybehe’lljustforgetit,Ithoughthopefully.SoIputJeremy’srequestatthe26ofmylonglistofthingstodo.21.A.raceB.classC.ceremonyD.competition22.A.colleaguesB.familyC.neighborsD.relatives23.A.spareB.payC.spendD.lose24.A.slowlyB.softlyC.confidentlyD.loudly25.A.assoonasB.aslongasC.asthoughD.evenif26.A.bottomB.topC.beginningD.cornerMythirddayhomeImanagedtotakefifteenminutestotypeanarticlewhenasmall27fellacrossmypaper.IknewwhoitwouldbebeforeI28.Jeremystoodquietlywatchingme.Oh,Lord,pleasedon’tlethimsayitagain.IknewwhathewantedbutIneededto_29_.Ismiled30atJeremyandkepttyping.He31forafewmoreminutes,thenturnedandwalkedaway.Ialmostdidn’thearhis32.“Competitionisovertomorrow,anyway.”Thesmallfigurewalkingoutofmyroom,asilentvoicespokeurgentlytomyheart,“Gethimthatpaper