独立主格结构一看就懂

独立主格结构常见类型及其用法一、独立主格结构的构成形式1、逻辑主语+V-ing两个分句间如没连词，从句的谓语要作相应改变。如：1)________nobus,wehadtowalkhome.A.TherebeingB.BeingC.HavingbeenD.TherewasA2)_______nobus,wehadtowalkhome.A.AstherebeingB.AstherewasC.BeingD.Therewas3)_______Sunday,thelibrarydoesn'topen.A.BeingB.TherebeingC.ItbeingD.Havingbeen4)______Sunday,thelibrarydoesn'topen.A.AsitbeingB.BeingC.ItisD.AsitisBCD2、逻辑主语+V-ed例1）分句间没连词，从句的谓语变成了非谓语。1)_________,thetrainstarted.A.ThesignalgivenB.GivingthesignalB.ThesignalbeinggivenD.Thesignalgiving2)__________,thetrainstarted.A.AfterhavinggiventhesignalB.AfterthesignalgivenC.GivingthesignalD.AfterthesignalwasgivenAD3)______,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.A.ExplainingnewwordsB.NewwordsexplainedC.BeingexplainednewwordsD.Havingexplainednewwords4)____,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.A.WhennewwordswereexplainedB.ExplainingnewwordsC.NewwordsexplainingD.BeingexplainednewwordsBA3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）省去连词后的“主—系—表”结构：1)_______,thepatientcanleavethehospital.A.BetterconditionsB.ConditionsbetterC.ConditionsarebetterD.Beingbetterconditions2)______,thepatientcanleavethehospital.A.IfbetterconditionsB.IfconditionsbetterC.IfconditionsarebetterD.BeingbetterconditionsBC3._____,we’dliketogoouting.A.BeingSundayB.SundayOKC.SundayisOKD.IfSundayOK4.______,we’dliketogoouting.A.IfSundayisOKB.SundaybeingOKC.SundayOKD.A,BandC5._____,youcanwaitawhile.A.TheplaybeingstillonB.TheplaystillonC.BeingstillontheplayD.AandBBDD1._____,Ihadtoaskfortwodays’leave.A.MotherbeingillB.BotherillC.AsmotherwasillD.A,BandC2.________,wehavetoworklateintothenight.A.TheexamnearB.TheexambeingnearC.AstheexamisnearD.A,BandCDD1.原因状语：可以用独立结构（没有连词）2.原因状语从句：（从句当然有连词，不然用分号）2、时间状语由连词when,assoonas,after等引导的时间状语从句；省略连词的独立结构（状语）1.________,thetrainstarted.A.ThesignalgivenB.AfterthesignalwasgivenC.GiventhesignalD.AandB2.________,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.A.NewwordsexplainedB.WhennewwordswereexplainedC.WhenteacherexplainednewwordsD.alltheaboveDD3、条件状语独立主格结构作条件状语,可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。如：1).______,we’llgotovisittheGreatWall.A.WeatherpermittingB.IfweatherpermitsC.IfpermittingD.AandB2.)_____,thepatientwillrecoverhimselfsoon.A.IfthetreatmentisintimeB.ThetreatmentintimeC.ThetreatmentbeingintimeD.A,BandCDD4、伴随状语并列句省去连词，将分句的谓语进行改变。1).Wehavelessonseveryday,________.A.SundayincludedB.SundayincludingC.SundayisincludingD.alltheabove可以理解为:“…，andSundayisincluded”2).Theboyfellasleep,_________.A.caponheadB.withacaponheadC.acaponwasonheadD.alltheabove答案B应为：withacaponhishead（不简明）AA3.Fathercamehome,_______A.adogfollowinghimB.followedbyadogC.beingfollowedbyadogD.alltheabove．还可以：“…withadogfollowinghim.”(不简明）D更多练习1.省略连词后，主动的谓语变成-ing形式；2.省略连词后，被动句的谓语变成-ed形式。3.两句的主语相同，不是独立主格结构。改写时，分句的主语可以省略，也可保留，少用、慎用。分词短语在句中常作以下状语：1、原因状语1._______late,wehadtowalkhome.A.BeingB.AswewereC.WebeingD.AandB2.______busy,theyhadnotimetoplay.A.AstheywereB.BeingC.BecausetheywereD.alltheaboveDD主语相同，就不叫独立结构2、时间状语1._______thestudents’homework,theteacherfoundalotofmistakes.A.WhenhewascorrectingB.WhenhewascorrectedC.CorrectingD.AandC2.______byyourteachers,youaresupposedtobemodest.A.WhenyouarepraisedB.PraisedC.WhenpraisedD.alltheaboveDD3、条件状语1.______moretime,heissuretofinishhistestpaper.A.IfheisgivenB.IfgivenC.GivenD.alltheabove2._______anotherchance,I'lldomyjobbetter.A.IfIhaveB.IfhavingC.HavingD.alltheaboveDD4、伴随状语1.Fathercameback,______abagofmoneyonhisleftshoulder.A.carryingB.hewascarryingC.andcarryingD.alltheabove2.Fathercameback,_______byamonkey.A.andhewasfollowedB.followedC.andwasfollowedD.AandBDA二、逻辑主语1.分句的连词省略后，分句变成独立主格结构，原分句的主语，成为“逻辑主语”，逻辑主语不能省去；2。“with+复合宾语+其他”结构也有逻辑主语。逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致。2._________,hefinishedplayingthegameofchess.A.HiseyesclosingB.WithhiseyesclosedC.ClosedeyesD.Closedhiseyes3.________,Icouldn’tgetthebookIwanted.A.ClosedB.LibraryclosedC.ClosinglibraryD.WithlibraryclosingBB1.______,we’llgofishinginthecountry.A.PermittingweatherB.WeatherpermittedC.WeatherpermittingD.Permitting答案C.=Iftimepermits,…C三、主语和逻辑主语相同从属连词when,if,unless,though,while等加分词的时候不要与and,but,or,so等混用。1._____,theteachertoldtheclasstogothroughthetextA.CheckingtheanswersB.CheckingtheanswersandC.WhencheckingtheanswersandD.alltheaboveA2._______arainyday,soallthefarmershadtostayinside.A.ItbeingB.BeingC.ItwasD.alltheabove3.As______alittlesick,heremainedattheclinic.A.feelingB.hefeltC.hefellingD.alltheaboveCB四、要注意句子主语同这些结构的逻辑关系。1、主句与分句主语相同1)______inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LostB.AshewaslostC.HelostD.AandB2)._______forthebusatthestop,hesuddenlycaughtsightofathief.A.WaitingB.WhenhewaswaitingC.AshewaswaitingD.alltheaboveDD2、主语不同：只能改写成独立主格结构（保留原主语）或with+复合宾语结构。1.Thesoldierfellasleep________.A.withthecandleburningB.burningthecandleC.whenhewasburningthecandleD.whenheburningthecandleA2.________,theTiananmenSquarelooksmorebeautiful.A.BeingonB.WhenbeingonC.WithallthelightsonD.WhenitturnsonallthelightsC3.____thenotice,hehadanidea.A.WhenhewaswatchingB.WatchingC.WhenwatchingD.alltheabove4.______thenotice,anideacametohismind.A.WhenhewaswatchingB.WatchingC.WhenwatchingD.alltheaboveDA