高考状语从句讲与练解析

①.多用于动作发生时间较短时，常有“正当….之时”之意Shefelloffthebusasshegotdown.②.表“边…边…”或“随着….”之意时常用asHewhistledasherodeon.Astimewenton,hebecamelessactive.as③.as还可表“由于….”，引导原因状语从句I’mnotgoingoutasIhavealottodo.④.as还可用于倒装句表“虽然”，引导让步状语从句Youngassheis,sheisalreadyaprofessor.Childasheis,heknowsalot.2、since的用法：since表从过去某一时间或动作、事情起到目前为止，“自….以来”①、引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句中用一般过去时。I’vebeenlivingheresinceIcametoBeijing.IhavewrittenhomefourtimessinceIcamehere.②、常用句型：itis(hasbeen)…..+since+一般过去时ItisfiveyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.注意：since句型中如果从句谓语是延续性的动作或状态，则它所表示的时间从该动作或状态结束时算起！如：Itis3yearssinceIbegantosmoke(自从我开始抽烟以来).Ismoked(gaveupsmoking自从我戒烟以来).Itis5yearssinceIhaveneverseenhimsincehejoinedthearmy.hewasasoldier.hefellill.hewasill.生病以来.病愈以来.翻译：Ithasbeen5yearssincehelivedhere退伍以来.3、until与till的用法与区别：在句首时多用until.①肯定句：用于主句谓语动词为延续性动词时。意为“某动作延续到某时才停止”Let’swaittill/untiltherainstops.②否定句：用于主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时，即not….until…意为“某动作直到某时才开始”Shedidn’tcomebackuntilthismorning.③、not….until…的倒装句和强调句。Hedidn’tstopuntilhehadfinishedallhiswork.倒装句:Notuntilhehadfinishedallhisworkdidhestop.强调句:Itwasnotuntilhehadfinishedallhisworkthathestopped.强调句句式为：Itwas/isnotuntil…that…4.before的用法：before有时翻译成“…才…”，“不到…就”，“趁…就”，“还没（来得及）…就”.如：Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.BeforeIcouldexplain,shehadgotveryangry.另外，注意before的以下句型：Itwillbe+一段时间+before…要过多久之后才…ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwon’tbelongbeforewemeetagain.Itwas+一段时间+before…过了多久之后才…Itwas3yearsbeforehedied.Itisfiveyears____hegraduated.Itisfiveyearsago_____hegraduated.Itwasfiveyears______hegraduated.Itwillbefiveyears______hegraduates.Itwasfiveo’clock______helefthome.Itwasatfiveo’clock______helefthome.Wehadwalkedalongway______wefoundsomewater.Wehadjustwalkedfourmiles______itbegantorain.sincethatbeforebeforewhenthatbeforewhen6、让步状语从句（1）引导让步状语从句的连词有：though/although/while(虽然;尽管)evenif/eventhough;as倒装句;疑问词-ever;nomatter+疑问词;whether(不管，无论）Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.（2）whoever,whatever,whichever还可引导名词从句。而nomatterwho/what/which只能引导让步状语从句Hedidn’twanttobedisturbed,__________________________wantedtoseehim.I’llgivethebooksto__________needsthem.nomatterwho或whoeverwhoever1.1)____wegavehimsomethingtoeat,hewouldsaveitforhislittlesister.2)____wegavehimtoeat,hewouldsaveitforhislittlesister.AWhateverBHoweverCWheneverDWhichever2.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept____helphecanget.AwhicheverBhoweverCwhateverDwheneverCAC3.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep,____muchworkyouhavetodo.AhoweverBnomatterCalthoughDwhateverA注意：1.while引导让步状语从句时通常位于句首，意思是“尽管；虽然”。如：WhileIagreewithyourreasonsIcan’tallowit.Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.UnlessA2.由as,although,though引导的特殊让步状语从句结构：although/while不倒装,although多用于句首,while必须放在句首;though可倒装可不倒装;as/that必须倒装.①表语的倒装：(这时形容词前不可加very，名词前不可加冠词)Tallas/though/thathewas,hecouldn’treachthetopshelf.Childasheis,heknowsalot.②状语的倒装：（这时不可在状语之前加very修饰语）Muchas/though/thatIadmirehimasawriter,Idonotlikehimasaman.Carefullyas/though/thathedidthework,hemadeamistake.③谓语动词的倒装：这个句型中,通常将表语或状语提到as前面,没有这两者时则将动词提前.Tryas/though/thathemight,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Hatehimas/though/thatwemay,wemustadmithisgreatness.as此时译为”虽然”,但不能放在句首.While/Though/Although/Eventhoughitisveryhottoday,westillhaveclasses.Hotasitistoday,we’llstillhaveclasses.While/Though/Althoughheisclever,hedoesn’tdowellinhisstudies.Cleverasheis,hedoesn’t…..adjWhile/Though/Although/EventhoughBrucewalkedfast,hestillcouldn’tcatchupwithme.FastasBrucewalked,hestillcouldn’tcatchupwithme.advWhile/Though/AlthoughItraveledmuch,Ineverfoundanytrackofhim.MuchasItraveled,Ineverfoundanytrackofhim.advWhile/Though/Althoughheisahero,heisstillhumble.Heroasheis,heisstillhumble.nNote:Articlesareremovedwhenanounisputaheadofthesentence这个句型中,通常将表语或状语提到as前面,没有时则将动词提前.While/Though/Althoughhewouldtry,hemightfallagain.Tryashewould,hemightfallagain.V7、方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as,asif,asthough来引导，如：YoumustdotheexercisesasIshowyou.Pleasedoexactlyasyourdoctorsays.Heactedasthoughnothinghadhappened.Hewalkedasifhewas/weredrunk.Marywasbehavingasthoughshehadn’tgrownup.在非正式文体或口语中，也可用theway(that)(=as=inthewayinwhich),how,等来引导，如：Jeandoesn’tdoitthewayIdo.SheisdoingherworkthewayIlikeitdone.此时一般把theway理解为先行词，引导词为that，inwhich或省略Youcandothejobhow/asyoulike.8、比较状语从句（1）比较状语从句主要用在形容词、副词的原级、比较级、最高级的句子中。原级：as…as…notso/as…as比较级:比较级+than…最高级：最高级+in/of/among…•汉译英：•电话铃响的时候，我正准备离开。•她不在我们班有三年了。•他三年没在这里住了。•战争爆发四年了。英译汉：1Wewereonthepointofleavingwhenthetelephonerang.2.Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinourclass.3.Itisthreeyearssincehelivedhere.4.Itisfouryearssincethewarbrokeout.