雅思写作

IELTSWRITINGLessonOneTask1小作文（part1）小作文简单概述Point1-1.雅思写作考题简介●GeneraltrainingTask1时间：20minutes（recommended）体裁：letterswriting（types☺）目的：survivalskillsinsocialcontext；●学术类写作AcademicTask1时间：20minutes（recommended）体裁：diagramsorchartsingleormix（types☺）目的：学术考点的分析和写作DifferentTypesofWriting目前雅思考试图表类作文有以下几种常见形式：1.linechart;（教材P108，Cam7-P53）2.Barchart;/Columnchart;(教材P111，P112);3.Piechart;(教材P103，P110);4.Table(教材P67);5.Map(新题型)(教材P137，P139)6.Mixgraphs混合型(教材P107，P114，P116);7.Flowchart流程图（教材P129）2.评分标准（1）任务完成情况：(Taskfulfillment)趋势描写，数据支持，不要画蛇添足（2）关联词大量而准确地使用（连贯）(Coherenceandcohesion)（3）词汇(lexicalresources)（4）句子结构(sentencestructure)MarkingCriteria小作文特别注意——表达的多样性Diversityisabasicrequirement􀂙IfthereisanyoneouttherewhostilldoubtsthatAmericaisaplacewhereallthingsarepossible,whostillwondersifthedreamofourfoundersisaliveinourtime,whostillquestionsthepowerofourdemocracy,tonightisyouranswer.􀂙----奥巴马2008把图表中的主要信息转化为文字信息，并且组织成文章。注意动静结合，就能写出好的图标描述文章。HOW?descriptioncomparecontrastMakecomparisonwhereitisrelevant􀂙􀂙Similarity􀂙􀂙Contrast:􀂙点=（数据数量）差异;􀂙线=趋势(方向，斜率)差异；IELTSWRITINGComparing的要素􀂙1.Comparing的结构和顺序；􀂙Period1,A1􀂙B1􀂙Period2,A2􀂙B2􀂙Period3,A3􀂙B3􀂙2.Comparing的连词􀂙While，whereas，yet，incontrast….􀂙通常不用however，nevertheless…….􀂙3.Comparing的句型（morethan，is几倍of…）􀂙多使用比较句型：􀂙多使用转折连词：􀂙(2)incontrast,yet,but,while,nevertheless,whereas,however……图表描述高分的概念􀂙图表提供大量数据，描述必须选择重点，不能事无巨细，一一列出。􀂙注意图表中提供的文字或说明（textdescription）。但图表中没有的信息不能凭主观任意捏造。􀂙注意动词时态（tense），属于过去发生的应该用一般过去时，有时一般现在时，也有将来时。4分表达􀂙Duringperiod-1,AAAincreased……thenDuringperiod-2,AAAdecreased……;andDuringperiod-1,BBBdecreased……thenDuringperiod-2,BBBincreased……􀂙尽管毫无语法错误！，Simple&listed5分表达􀂙Duringperiod-1,AAAincreased……thenDuringperiod-2,AAAwentdown……;andDuringperiod-1,BBBdropped……thenDuringperiod-2,BBBroseup……􀂙其它高频词􀂙Soarup,climbup,grow…….􀂙Descend,decline,reduce,plummet,……….􀂙Varietyinvocabulary6分表达􀂙Duringperiod-1,AAAincreased……,whileBBBdropped……however􀂙Duringperiod-2,AAAwentdown……;whereas,BBBroseup……􀂙三个转折连词􀂙做比较Comparisonandcontrastwhereitisrelevant7分表达􀂙Duringperiod-1,AAAincreased……,whiletherewasadeclineforthatofBBB……􀂙Duringperiod-2,AAAwentdown……;whereas,therewasasharpincreaseforthatofBBB……􀂙Varietyinsentencesstructure，􀂙grammaticalcompetence；􀂙知识技巧点：There+be句型描述变化􀂙首段首句Introduction：CopytopicandreviseEx：Thisgraphshowsthe数据主题of对象in地点时间.二句有可能的话总结总体趋势中间段趋势描写，并指出重要数据，有必要时写出极值点（最高点/最低点）以及相同点（等高点）末段重申最重要的趋势（注意！小作文可以不写结尾！）TASKI：1.linechart怎么写task1首段第一句（所有类型通用）sampleWritingTask1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Thebarchartbelowshowsthenumberofcomplaintsmadebyconsumersabout5differenttypesofproductsandservicesintheyears1992and2002.Writeashortreportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationgiveninthegraph.makecomparisonwhererelevantYoushouldwriteatleast150words改写：（1）Thebarchartillustratesthe（informationabout）changesanddifferencesinthenumberofcomplaintsmadebyconsumersaboutfiveselectedproductsandservicesin1999and2002.更换名词Chart-figure,graph更换动词Show-indicate,unfold,display,reveal,reflect,demonstrate，present，illustrate,provideanoverviewof…Accordingtothediagram，certainpatterncanbefound.首段–首句graph-figure,graph,chartShow-indicate,unfold,display,reveal,reflect,illustrate,provideanoverviewof…Numberoffull-timeteachersofregularschools(inmillions)inChina(1960-1990).02468101260y62y64y66y68y70y72y74y76y78y80y82y84y86y88y90yTASKI首段常用句型:1.Thetable/chart/diagram/graphshows(that)...2.Thefigures/statisticsshow(that)...3.Thediagramshows/describes/illustrateshow...4.Accordingto/As(is)showninthe/Ascanbeseenfromthetable/chart,diagram,graph,figures5.Itcanbeseen/observedfromthe/wecanseefromthe…6.Itisclear/apparentfromthetable/chart/diagram/graph/figures(that)...首段–首句请写出本图的第一句话：Thisgraphshowsthenumberoffull-timeteachersofregularschoolsinChinaduring3decadesfrom1960to1990.首段–首句首段–二句Numberoffull-timeteachersofregularschools(inmillions)inChina(1960-1990).02468101260y62y64y66y68y70y72y74y76y78y80y82y84y86y88y90y首段–二句描写总体趋势（如果能一样看出的话）：1.Accordingtothefigure,…2.Itisclearthat…,Itcanbe(clearly)seenthat…,3.From…itcanbe(safely)concludedthat…4.Oneofthemostsurprising/interestingfindswas…如何表达总体趋势a).Theoveralltrend//generaltrend(主语)+indicates+从句b).Theoveralltrend//generaltrend(主语)+indicates+N.c).Therebe+anoverall+某种趋势Itcanbeseenthattherewasanincreasingtrendfrom1960to1990.However,thereweresomefluctuationsinearlieryears.首段–二句首段–二句Itcanbeseenthattherewasanincreasingtrendfrom1960to1990.However,thereweresomefluctuationsinearlieryears.Accordingtothefigure,althoughthereweresomefluctuationsinearlieryears,thereexistsindeedanincreasingtrend.Theoveralltrendwastoindicatetheincreasinglygrowingnumber,althoughthereexistssomefluctuationsintheearlieryears.时态：首句一般现在时，其他一般过去时。*如果图表是对将来情况的预测，全部用一般现在时。首段–二句主体段多种表达“根据图表显示”Accordingto….􀂙Asisshown/displayed/revealed/inthe（1）图的类型􀂙Asisrevealedinthelinechart,thenumberofbirthanddeathratesperthousandpopulationinadevelopingcountryvarieddramaticallyfrom1900to1970.􀂙Asisdisplayedinthetable,thefigureofUndergroundRailwaySyst