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定语从句的学习难点一、明确定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词的从句叫定语从句,被从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句的引导词:关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that,as关系副词:when,where,why1.Allthatyouwanttodoisgoingshopping.2.ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.3.Thepersonsandtheschoolthatwevisitedimpressedusdeeply.4.Myhometownisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.5.Whoisthepersonthatletoutthesecret?6.Theboymadeaholeinthewall,throughwhichhecouldseewhatwashappeninginside.7.Theyinvitedmetotheparty,whichiskindofthem.8.Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.9.Thatwhichyouborrowedfrommewasn’tarealdiamondnecklace.10.Ourteam,aswehadexpected,defeatedtheirsinthefootballmatch.11.Tomspent4yearsincollege,duringwhichtimehelearnedFrench.12.Heisthemanfromwhosehousethepictureswerestolen.二、关系词的用法1.多用that的情况①先行词为不定代词②先行词被形容词最高级③先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰④先行词既有人又有物⑤先行词在主句中作表语或关系代词在从句中作表语⑥当主语为who或which开头的特殊疑问词时,为避免重复多用that2、下列情况定语从句须用which引导①关系代词前有介词使用②非限制性定语从句代替整个句子或一部分③先行词本身是that3、在定语从句中,选择关系代词还是副词在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都担任一定的成分。如果从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就考虑选用关系代词。如果缺少时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、就考虑用关系代词。1.Thisisthefirstfactory____Ihaveeverworkedfor5years.A.thatB.whichC.whereD./2.Shelivedinthehouse___sheusedtolive.(livein)___sheusedtodropin.___sheusedtovisit.___windowswerebroken.thewindows___werebroken.A.whereB.inwhichC.atwhichD.thatE.whichF.ofwhichE.whose4、who,whom和whose的选用①who在定语从句中作主语或宾语,而whom只作宾语②whose在定语从句中作主语,可指人也可指物,指物时常可用ofwhich代替③在非限制性定语从句中指人时,宾语只能用whom,主语只能用who5.As引导的定语从句:可位于句首、句中,位置灵活常作主动语态的宾语、被动语态的主语先行词可以是主句整个概念(=which)可引导(非)限制性定语从句(引导限制性定语从句常和thesame,such,so,as等连用)注:thesame….as(指不同的人或物)thesame….that(指相同的人或物)ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.ThisisthesamebookthatIlentyouyesterday.1.___isknownthathehasgonetocollege.2.___isknown,hehasgonetocollege3.Weallknow____hehasgonetocollege.4.Hehasgonetocollege,____madeussurprised.5.Hehasgonetocollegeand___madeussurprised.6.Hehasgonetocollege,___surprisedus.7.Hehasgonetocollege,__I’msurprisedat.8.____surprisedusmostwas____hehasgonetocollege.A.ItB.AsC.WhichD.WhatE.thatKey:1.A2.B3.E4.C5.E6.C7.BC8.D…E三、做题时的注意事项1、关系代词在从句中作主语时,之后的谓语动词与先行词的人称和数要保持一致。2、选用关系代词还是人称代词3、完整句子不能缺相应的介词4、避免句子中的重复5、不能漏掉先行词6、分清定语从句和同位语从句7、定语从句和状语从句的区别8、注意定语从句和强调句的区别9、注意句中的插入语10、注意定语从句和with的复合结构、独立主格结构的区别1.I’mwondering____heexpectswillwinthegoldmedalinMen’sSingle.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.what2.Hehasthreesons,allofthemareworkers.Hehasthreesons,allofwhomareworkers.Hehasthreesons,andallofthemare….3.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentsinmyclasswhopassestheexam.Heisoneofthestudentsinmyclasswhopasstheexam.4.Shelivedinthehouse____thebrokenwindows.and____windowswerebroken.,____windowswerebroken.A.itsB.withC./D.whose5.Fromhereyoucanseethebuilding,____topwellabovetheothers.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.itsD.it’s6.Yesterdaytheteachergaveussodifficultaproblem___wecouldnotworkout.A.thatB./C.whichD.as7.Isthismuseum__theyvisitedbefore?Isthisthemuseum__theyvisitedbefore?Isthismuseum___theystayedbefore?Isthisthemuseum__theystayedbefore?Isthismuseum__youvisitedbeforelarge?A.whereB.whichC.thatD.theoneE./8.Itwasthemuseum_____yousawmanytreasures.Itwasinthemuseum___yousawmanytreasures.Itwasinthemuseum___youdroppedinthatyousawmanytreasures.四、非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句与所修饰的名词和主语之间有密不可分的关系,如果去掉这个从句,整个复合句的含义就不明确。而非限制性定语从句与所修饰的名词之间的关系不紧密,从句与先行词和主句之间有逗号隔开,有无这个从句和整个复合句的含义没有多大影响。That不能引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句的引导词应视句子的意思而定1.HearrivedinBeijingin1984,____hebecameamanager,someyearslater.____wasimportantforhim.____hewasalreadyinhisfifties.and____hebecamefamous.Itwasin1984____hearrivedinBeijing.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.thereE.thatKey:B.C.A.D.E.金苹果平台金苹果平台金苹果是希腊神话中著名的宝物。金苹果最早出现,是在宙斯和赫拉的婚礼。交谈过程中亦有大段沉默,都是安静少话的人,表达清楚自己的观点已经是极致。除此之外并无过多的赘余,就是这种清清淡淡的交谈才更可贵。或许是因为某种契合,使得第一次谋面的人能够敞开心扉畅谈关于生活种种的思考与困惑。像是幽香清远的茉莉,不激烈,但是很舒服。也会有大段的沉默,但是不觉得尴尬。与人相处的最高境界是舒服,进退得宜,聊天会有默契,沉默也不会尴尬。一直试图通过写作,与内心沟通对话。构建一种秩序和联结,世俗之外的,只与自身和内心发生的联结与转换。每个人都有自己的方式,洞悉自己的内心,与自己相处。这是一件很难的事,意味着,你要面对完全真实的自己,不能有任何逃避。而人习惯逃避,自欺,欺人。所以才会有种种困惑。会有贪念。长安,你应会明白这种感受,你的眼睛告诉我的。是,我明白。明白世事始终不能圆满,却也依旧有所为。就如你写作,我之前忘我工作,都是一种形式。我们始终是要通过各种形式的反复怀疑和确认,才能接近生命的本质。即使也会怀疑什么才是真正的本质。
本文标题:定语从句的难点练习
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