新目标英语中考复习：定语从句讲解及专项练习

1新目标英语中考复习：定语从句讲解及专项练习班级姓名定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。（1）引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。（2）关系代词的用法1.that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.Thecoat（that）Iputonthedeskisblue.2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.Thefilm（which）wesawlastnightwaswonderful.3.who，whom用于指人，who用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.Whoistheteacher（whom）LiMingistalkingto？注意：（1)但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.（3）that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway.她居住的城市非常远（4）关系词只能用that的情况：a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，theone等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop？c.先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast，little，few等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：2ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？f.主句是therebe结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况：a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：Thisistheroominwhichhelives.c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.三、关系副词的用法（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.这是他到达的时间。（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：Thisisplacewhereheworks.这是他工作的地点。（3）why指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.注意：使用关系副词时，定语从句不缺主谓宾成分（这是决定使用关系代词和关系副词的决定因素）专项练习：1．I’llneverforgetthelesson______lastyear.A.thatIlearnB.thatIlearnedC.whatIlearnD.whatIlearned2．Theyounglady_____isinterviewingLinZhixuanabouttheprogramIamasingerisfrom21stCenturyTalentNet.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose3．—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthewatch_______Iboughtyesterday.A．whichB．whoC．whose4．IlovetheschoolIhavestudiedinforthreeyears.A.whereB.whenC.that5．Themovie_______wesawlastnightwasfantastic.A.thatB.whatC.whoseD.who36．Teenagerslikereadingthebooks________arewrittenbyGuoJingming.A.whoB.whatC.whoseD.that7．--DoyouknowMoYan?--Ofcourse.Heisthefamouswriter____wontheNobelPrizein2012.A.whoB.whomC.which8．Moststudentsliketheteachersunderstandthemwell.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when9．Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers________IvisitedinLondonyearsago.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which10．ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplace______I’veevervisited.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what11．Thisistheschool_______wevisitedlastyear.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.whose12．—Doyouknowthegirl_______withourEnglishteacheroften?—Yes,hernameisHelen.A.whomtotalkB.whotalksC.whoistalkingD.whomtalks13．Amyhas_________A．longbrownhairB．brownlonghairC．longbrownhairsD．brownlonghairs14．Beingblindissomething_________mostpeoplecan’timagine.A.whoB.whatC.thatD.whom15．YesterdayLiMingwenttothevillage_________hisfamilylivedtenyearsago.A.whenB.whichD.whereD.that16．Afriendissomeone______says,“What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone!”A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whose17．Iknowaplace______wecanhaveabigmeal.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what18．---Whodoyouthinkistheman__________firstflewintospaceinChina?---YangLiweiis.A./B.whoC.thatD.whom19．---Therearemanyvolunteers______arehelpingthechildreninSichuan.---Andmostofthemarecollegestudents.A.whichB.whenC.whoseD.who20．--Look，it’sthemostbeautifulpark___________I’veevervisitedbefore.--Really？HowIwishtogotoseeitformyself!.A.thatB.whichC.whomD.who21．Wedislikepeople______talkmuchbutneverdoanything.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose22．Agovernmentisagroupofpeople______makedecisionsaboutthewaypeoplelive.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whatever23．Therearemanyvolunteers_________arehelpingthechildreninSichuan.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.why24．--Whodoyouwanttotalkwithattheendofthespeech?--Theman_________MrWhite.A.theycallB.calledhimselfC.callshimselfD.iscalled25．Agraduationceremonyisacustomtakesplacestudentsgraduatefromaschool.A.which;whenB.that;whoC.which;whoseD.that;which426．ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplace______I’veevervisited.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what27．Ithinkthisisthemostinterestingthing_____hashappenedtous.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who28．Successwillbelongtothose___neversayimpossible.A.whomB.whoC.thatD.which29．Oneofthemostdeliciousdrinks_________Ilikeisorangejuice.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whom30．Doyounoticetheman______issittingunderthetree?Heisournewteacher.A.thatB.whoC.whom31．Therearemanyvolunteers_________arehelpingthechildreninSichuan.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.why32．Shelikesthemusic_____shelikestosingalongwith.A.thatB.inwhichC.whatD.who33．IcanrememberwellsomepicturesandthepersonsIsawintheroom.A.whomB.whoC.thatD.which34．--Isthewoman________walkedpastjustnowyourteacher?--Yes.Sheteaches________English.A.that,ourB.who,usC.who,ourD.which,us35．Taketheadvice____