法律英语基础

Part1Insurance1.Heisaholderofaninsurancepolicy.他是保险单持有人。2.Howlongistheperiodformthecommencementtoterminationofinsurance.保险责任起至期限多长？3.Insurancecompanyinsuredshipsandtheircargoesagainstlossandsea.保险公司为船舶和船货承保了海损险。4.Mr.Rodmanisthemostheavilyinsuredmanintheworld,carry$4,000,000insuranceonhislife.罗德曼先生是世界上投保最多的人，为自己投了4,000,000美元的人寿险。5.Onekindofinsurancepolicyistheonethatcoversanamedperson.有一种保险单是记名保险单6.Partiestoaninsurancecontractarerequiredtoexercisetheutmostgoodfaithanddiscloseallrelevantmatterstoeachother.保险合同双方当事人都应该尽到最大的善意，并且想到披露所有的相关事实。7.Thecoverageiswritteninthebasicformandclauses.保险范围写在基本保险单和各种险别条款里。8.Whatcoverwillyoutakeout?你们准备投保那些险别？9.Whatdoyourinsuranceclausescover?你们的保险单规定了那些险种？10.WhowillplaythepremiumforWPA?水渍险费用由谁负担？Part2RealProperty1.Amanmayclaimthatheownslandbyinheritanceorpurchasefromsomeotherperson.一个人可能会声称他是通过继承或从他人处购买而拥有土地。2.Landisreferredtoasrealty.土地被称为不动产。3.Landmaynotbesold,leased,mortgagedorillegallytransferredbyanyothermeans.土地不可以通过买卖、出租、抵押或其他形式非法转让。4.Land,themainsourceofwealth,isbytheverynatureofthingstreateddifferentlyfromotherkindsofproperty.土地是主要的财富渊源，按照物的本质区分，它有别于其他类别的财产。5.Permissionforanychangeintheuseofthelandownedhastobeobtainedfromthelocalplanningauthorities.变更土地的使用权必须经地方规划当局批准。6.Propertymaybeclassifiedintorealpropertyandpersonalproperty.财产可以分为不动产和动产。7.Realpropertyisbothabundleoflegalrightsandcertainphysicalobjects.不动产包括大量法定权益和某些有形物。8.Realpropertyislandandthingsimmovablyattachedtotheland.不动产是指土地和土地上的附着物。9.Theownershipoflandgrewoutofpossession.土地所有权源于占有。10.Whereasquatteroccupiesderelictlandandcontinuesinuninterruptedpossessionfor12years,theowner’stitletolandisdestroyed.如果一个擅自占用者占用弃耕地，并连续不断长达12年，原土地所有人的产权将消灭。Part3Encumbrance财产负担1.Alandownerwhoalreadyholdslandsubjecttoamortgagemaywishtohypothecatehisequity.已经拥有被按揭抵押土地的所有人可能会希望抵押他的平衡法权益。2.Alienagainstthepropertyisgrantedtosecureanobligation准予对财产拥有留置权以保证义务之履行。3.Apledgeissomethingmorethanamerelienandsomethinglessthanamortgage.质押的性质超过纯粹留置，但却比不上按揭。4.Afterthecourtimposedthelien,itusuallyissuesawritdirectingthesherifftoseizetheproperty.当法庭判决留置权后，其通常签发一令状，指示司法行政官扣押该财产。5.Ifthepurposeofthetransactionistotransferpropertyforsecurityonly,thenthecourtswillholdthetransactionapledge.如果交易的目的只是因为担保而转让财产，法院将裁定此种交易行为是一种质押行为。6.Itisachargeonland.这是土地的抵押。7.Hedecidedtoredeemthepledge.他决定赎回质押物。8.Mineralrightsarenotmortgageableinthisjurisdiction.在该司法管辖区，矿业权益不能用作按揭抵押。9.Mortgageisasecurityinterestinrealproperty.按揭是不动产的一种物权担保。10.Thedebtorwhosepropertyissubjecttothemortgageiscalledthemortgagor.其财产被按揭抵押的债务人被称为抵押人。Part4Process传票1.AddressofserviceofprocessshallbeincludedintheArticlesofAssociation.《公司组织大纲》中应包括传票送达地址。2.Aliassummonsisasubsequentsummonsissuedtoreplaceonethatcouldnotbeservedorotherwisefailed.第二传票是取代因无法送达或因其他原因失效的传票之传票。3.Smithwassubpoenaedasawitnesstoappearinthecircuitcourt.史密斯被传唤为证人在巡回法院出庭。4.Summonsisawrittennotificationthatoneisrequiredtoappearincourt.传票是一种要求某人出庭的书面通知。5.Thebailiffwasinchargeofissuingasummonsontheplaintiff.法庭执行管（法警）负责向原告签发传票。6.Thecourtservedasummonsonhim.法院向他送达了传票。7.Thesummonswaswithdrawn.传票被撤销。8.Thewitnessesweresubpoenaedtoattendthetrial.用传票传唤证人参加审判。9.Thewritwasindorsedwithdetailsoftheplaintiff’sclaim.传票上详细批注了原告的主张。Part5Judge法官1.Agoodjudgecanextendtheboundaryofjustice.优秀的法官能够拓展正义的疆界。2.Ajudgecannotbeawitnessinhisowncause.法官不得在其受理的案件中当证人。3.Ajudgecannotpunishawrongdonetohimself.法官不得惩罚那种针对他的过错行为。4.Ajudgeincursnocivilliabilityforjudicialactsevenifguiltyoffraudandcorruption.法官不因其司法行为而承担民事责任，即使是欺诈和贪污。5.Anuprightjudgehasmoreregardtojusticethantome.一个正直的法官，重视公正多于重视人。6.Ifthejudgedepartsfromthesentencingguidelinerange,hemusthavealawfulreasonforsuchadeparture.法官必须有合法的理由方可偏离根据判刑准则所确定的量刑范围。7.Judgesshallhandlecasesimpartiallyandinaccordancewiththelaw.法官应当依法秉公办案。8.Mostdisputesthatariseinanysocietyarenothandledthroughthecourtsystem.社会上的大多数争议并非都通过法院体系解决。9.Noonecanbeatoncesuitorandjudge.起诉者不得兼为法官。10.Noonecanbejudgeinhisowncase.任何人不得做自己案件的法官。11.Sentencingisatthediscretionofthejudge.量刑由法官自由裁定。12.Thechairmanofthetribunalaskedtoseeallthefactsontheincometaxclaim.首席仲裁员要求查看所有有关所得税主张的事实。13.Thejudgewasappointedtositinaspecialcase.法官被任命审理一个特别案件。14.ThemagistratescommittedherfortrialattheCrownCourt.治安法官将她带到巡回刑事法庭受审。15.Thejudgeacceptedthedefendant’sundertakingnottoharasstheplaintiff.法官接受了被告不骚扰原告的承诺。16.Thejudgedecidedinfavoroftheplaintiff.法官判原告胜诉。17.Thejudgedisallowedthedefenseevidence.法官没有采信辩方证据。18.Thejudgeexceededhispowersincriticizingacourtofappeal.法官越权对上诉法院进行批评。19.Thejudgefoundthattheplaintiff’spleadingsdisclosednocauseofaction.法官发现原告的诉状没有说明诉请。20.Thejudgeheardthecaseinchamber.法官不公开审理该案。21.Thejudgemostnotheartheevidenceortherepresentationsfromonesidebehindthebackoftheother.法官不得背着一方当事人去听取另一方的证据或陈述。22.Thejudgeorderedtheactionstobeconsolidated.法官命令将诉讼合并审理。23.Thejudgerefusedtheapplicationonthegroundthathehadajudicialdiscretiontoexamineinadmissibleevidence.法官拒绝了这个申请，理由是他对审查不被采信的证据有司法裁量权。24.Thejudgerevisedhisearlierdecisionnottoconsiderasubmissionfromdefensecounsel.法官修正了他早先的不考虑被告方意见的决定。25.Thejudgewarnedcounselnottopromptthewitness.法官警告律师不得诱导证人。26.Thejudgewasoftheopinio