天津地铁一号线票价定价策略研究

学号07240207毕业论文说明书天津地铁一号线票价定价策略研究学生姓名王俊龙专业名称交通工程指导教师土木工程系200年月日3天津地铁一号线票价定价策略研究TheStrategyResearchoftheTicketPricingofTianjinLine1Subway4摘要本文在借鉴国内外研究的基础之上，分析了地铁票价票制的特点以及轨道客流需求与轨道票价之间的弹性关系，分析了一些影响地铁票价的相关因素，提出了需要建立一套针对天津地铁一号线票价制式的票价方案。并通过对地铁票价进行的分析，提出了基于地铁交通需求的地铁交通的票价。本文简单地总结了国内外城市轨道交通票价制定的情况，并初步地讨论了现行的定价原则、理论及定价模型。根据调查数据的特点及地铁交通的波动性，在研究中，作者以天津地铁一号线轨道票价为主线，讨论了影响地铁票价的因素，并重点讨论了在不同的票价条件之下人们选择轨道交通出行比例的变化。作者还简要地介绍了地铁交通票价调查的方法及内容，强调行为调查的适用性。结合天津市居民出行选择调查与地铁票价可接受度调查，对数据进行初步统计分析和相关性分析，提出了不同地铁交通需求下的地铁交通票价。最后作者运用弹性分析的方法，分析了地铁交通需求量受地铁票价变化影响的变化程度，并总结了天津地铁一号线票价定价策略研究的方案，为今后制定地铁票价工作提供导向。关键词：地铁票价；地铁交通需求；需求弹性分析；定价策略5AbstractInthispaper,basedonresearchfromhomeandabroad，analysisofthecharacteristicsoffare-votesystemandrailfaresandrailpassengerdemandrelationshipbetweentheelastic，analysisofanumberoffactorsthataffectthesubwayfare，theestablishmentofaproposedsubwayfaresinTianjinstandardfarescheme。Andthroughtheanalysisofthesubwayfare，Proposetheticketpricebasedontheneedsofsubwayfare。Thispaperbrieflysummarizesthedevelopmentofdomesticandinternationalrailtransportfaressituation,andapreliminarydiscussionofthecurrentpricingprinciples,theories,andpricingmodels。Accordingtothecharacteristicsofsurveydataandthevolatilityofthesubway，Inthestudy，OftheTianjinMetroLinemainlinerailfares，discussionofthefactorsthataffectthefare，andfocusonthefareconditionsindifferentpeopletochooserailtravelunderthepercentagechange。Theauthoralsobrieflydescribesthesurveymethodssubwayfaresandcontent，emphasizetheapplicabilityofBehavior。TraveloptionswiththeresidentsurveyandacceptablefareSurvey，preliminarystatisticalanalysisofdataandcorrelationanalysis，proposedunderdifferenttrafficdemandsubwayfaressubway。Finally,usingthemethodofelasticanalysis，analysisofthesubwaytrafficdemandchangebythechangeinfarelevel，AndsummarizedinTianjinsubwayfarepricingstrategiesoftheprogram，Forthefuturedevelopmentofwork-orientedfare。Keywords：metrofare;thedemandofMetrotraffic;analysisofdemandelasticity;thestrategyofprice1目录第1章绪论...........................................................11.1概述............................................................................................................................................11.2研究背景和意义........................................................................................................................11.3国内外研究现状........................................................................................................................21.4研究内容...................................................................................................................................6第2章客流预测及国内外的相关的定价理论...............................72.1客流预测...................................................................................................................................72.1.1交通分配方法................................................................................................................72.1.2优化预测结果及分析....................................................................................................72.1.3客流预测的基本工作步骤.............................................................................................72.1.4客流预测的目的.............................................................................................................72.2定价理论...................................................................................................................................82.2.1厂商理论........................................................................................................................82.2.2劳动价值理论................................................................................................................82.2.3均衡价格理论................................................................................................................92.2.4运输价值理论................................................................................................................92.2.5随机效用理论..............................................................................................................102.3定价原则及策略......................................................................................................................112.3.1定价原则......................................................................................................................112.3.2票价制定的策略..........................................................................................................122.3.3票价制式......................................................................................................................13第3章地铁票价定价策略研究.........................................143.1地铁票价政策确定的原则.......................................................................................................143.2对于不同的地铁票价定价政策的评介..................................................................................143.3对我国地铁票价制定的政策建议..........................................................................................153.4结语.......................................................................................................