初中英语语法--宾语从句课件

宾语从句中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：（一)、引导宾语从句的连接词的选择(二）、宾语从句的语序（三）、宾语从句的时态定义：•宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。（句子类型）•主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。•主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。•从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。•宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。（一）引导宾语从句的连接词的选择•根据宾语从句原先（做宾语之前）的句式，我们把宾语从句分为三类。•1、由从属连词that引导的宾语从句（陈述）•2、由连接代词Who,whom,whose,whichwhat和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句（特殊疑问）•3、由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句（一般疑问）1、由从属连词that引导的宾语从句•宾语从句原先是陈述句的，由that连接。•that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义（在宾语从句中不充当成分），在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例句•Hesaid.Hewantedtostayathome.Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.•Shedoesn’tknow.Sheisseriouslyill.Shedoesn’tknow_____________________•Iamsure.Hewillsucceed.Iamsure_______________________________________.2、由连接代词Who,whom,whose,whichwhat和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句•这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分，不可以省略。例句：•Doyouknow？Who(whom)aretheywaitingfor?•Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?•Canyoutellme?WhereistheNo.3busstop?•Idon’tknow.Whyisthetrainlate?3、由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句•If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。•wether或if不可省略,•wether可以接ornot.If则不能。Idon’tknowwetherhe”llcomeornot.例句•Iwanttoknow.Doeshelivethere?Iwanttoknowifhelivesthere?•Heaskedme.WasthereabookstoreonCenterStreet?_______________________(二）、宾语从句的语序•宾语从句的语序应为陈述句（主谓式）的语序。例句：•Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.（三）、宾语从句的时态•1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?•2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.•3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.【中考范例】•1.MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2002.A.wheredoesshelive•B.WhereshelivesC.wheredidshelive•D.whereshelived•2.Wouldyoupleasetellme________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame•4.---Wedon’tknow_____________.---ItissaidthathewasborninSweden.A.whatheis•B.ifheliveshereC.wherehecomesfrom•D.whichcountryishefrom•3.Idon’tknowwhen__________.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave课堂演练•1.Iwanttoknow_________.A.whatishisnameB.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis2.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which•3.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshoppingC.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping4.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which5.---I’mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what•6.---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme________?---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It’snexttoahospital.A.howwecangettothepostofficeB.howcanwegettothepostofficeC.howgettothepostofficeD.howcouldwegettothepostoffice7.Wouldyoupleasetellme_________next,Mr.Wang?A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhatC.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat•8.Iwanttoknow________youwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whether•9.It’suptoyoutodecide_______you’llgothere,byairorbyroad.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when•10.---Couldyoutellme____________?---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.A.whatdoeshesayatthemeetingB.whatdidhesayatthemeetingC.whathesaysatthemeetingD.whathesaidatthemeeting•11.---Couldyoutellme_________lastnight?---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoingC.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing•12.Theteacheraskedthestudents__________.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgovisittheGreatWall.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为who,what,when等引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.注意：