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ANIMAL&HERBPRODUCTIONINGANSU甘肃省畜牧业及中草药种植情况PuWanxiaandGuoFucun蒲万霞郭福存**InstituteofLanzhouAnimalScienceandVet.Pharmaceutics中国农科院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所OUTLINE1.Introduction.CurrentstatusofGansu•Climateandgeographiccharacteristics2.AgricultureandAnimalhusbandry3.HerbproductioninGansuINTRODUCTION前言Animal&herbproductionisasignificanteconomicresourcesinGansu畜牧业和中草药种植业是甘肃省的支柱产业AnimalmeatisthemostimportantsourceofanimalproteinsinGansu.畜禽肉及蛋奶是人民生活中主要的蛋白质来源Aimofthistopic:givebriefintroductionaboutanimal&herbproductioninGansu目的:介绍甘肃畜牧业生产和中草药种植情况ClimateandgeographiccharacteristicsTheYellowRiverTheSilkRoadPopulation24.68millionand45nationalitiesEurasianContinentalBridgeGansuLanzhouCapitalcity:Lanzhou;Population:2.7million14prefectures(87counties)Anannualtemperature:-15°Cto36°C;Anannualprecipitation:50-800mmTotalarea:454,000km2;•Cultivatedland:3.48millionhectares;•Grassland:26millionhectares;•Irrigationland:16.64millionhectares酒泉张掖武威金昌兰州陇南天水庆阳平凉定西甘南临夏白银嘉峪关GansuprovinceAgricultureandAnimalHusbandryTable1.Outputvalueofagriculture,forestry,animalhusbandryandfisheriesinGausu甘肃省农、林、牧、渔业总产值TotalAgricultureForestryAnimalhusbandryFisheries2000FarmChina.com(StateStatisticalBureau)(12millionUSD)21.3215.760.604.900.0573.9%2.8%23.9%0.2%GansuThemainlivestockinGansu甘肃主要畜禽养殖量(2003年度)Largeruminants(yaks,beef&dairycattle):4740thou.大家畜:474万头Smallruminants(sheep,goats):19190thou.棉羊和山羊:1919万只Pigs:13160thou.猪:1316万头Poultry:73430thou.家禽:7343万只Rabbits:2530thou.兔:253万只•Animalproduction(2003)动物生产量(2003年度)Meatproduction:741.9thouton肉产量:74.19万吨Mutton:103.3thou.ton羊肉:10.33万吨Beef:101.5thou.ton牛肉:10.15万吨Pork:477.2thou.ton猪肉:47.72万吨Poultry:38.2thou.ton禽肉:3.82万吨Milkproduction:221.8thou.ton奶产量:22.18万吨Woolproduction:1.7thou.ton羊毛产量:1.7万吨Eggproduction:134.4thou.蛋产量:13.44万吨CurrentestimatesofthenumberofTCMrangebetween6000and8000withmostoftheherbsoriginatedfromplants.Therearealsoanumberofherbscomingfromanimalsandsomefromminerals.Thereareover600herbalproductionbasesand13,000farmsspecializedintheproductionofcrudeTCMinthemainlandChina.Morethan860,000acresoflandisdevotedtothecultivationofmedicinalplants.根据最新调查显示:传统中药有6000---8000种,大部分为植物药,少量为动物药和和矿物药。在中国,有600多个中草药种植基地和13,000个中草药种植农户,种植面积为10,000,000亩。SourcesandproductionofTCMinChinaGansuisoneofthemostimportantherbalproductionbaseinChina.Thereare1527herbalspecies,withmorethan200,0000mu(20%ofChina),mainlyinMidNorthernGansu.Thetotalyieldofherbsis316,000tons,withaproductionvalueof1.6billionyuan.ThemostimportantherbsareAngelicae,Codonopsis,Astragalus,Rhubarb,Glycyrrhizae,whichis95%、70%、30%、50%、25%productionofChina,respectively.Itis80%ofexportofChina,especiallyAngelicae(Mingcounty)andCodonopsis(Wencounty).甘肃是我国药材主产地之一,全省药材品种1527种,其中药用植物951种,其余为动物、矿物和加工类药。全省药材种植面积已达200万亩以上,占全国种植面积的20%,居全国第三位。药材总产量已达31.6万吨,产值16亿元。5大宗药材当归、党参、黄芪、大黄、甘草总产量分别占全国的95%、70%、30%、50%、25%,出口量占全国的80%以上。特别是“岷当”、“文党”产量大、质量好,是闻名中外的出口药材.SourceandproductionofTCMinGANSU(1)Source&productionofTCMinGANSU(2)HerbalproductionareainMidEastGansu(DingxiandLongnan),is55.5thou.Hac(40.02thouhacinDingxiand8.67thou.hac.InLongnan),whichis90%ofherbproductionofGansu(Dingxi,66%;Longnan15%).Annualproductionofherbsismorethan88000thou.hac,withproductionvalueof0.685billionyuan.全省药材种植主要以中东部地区为主。中东部地区药材种植面积达5.55万公顷,占到全省总种植面积的90%以上,年产量8800多万公斤,产值6.85亿元。其中,中东部定西地区和陇南地区种植面积最大,产量也最大,种植面积分别为4.002万公顷和0.867万公顷,分别占到全省的66%和15%.HerbspeciesinGansuaremainlytraditionalherbssuchasAngelicae,Codonopsis,Astragalus,andRhubarb.Asincreasedcultivationtechniquesofherbalfarmers,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinbreedstructure.NewvarietiesappearsuchasBupleurum,Isatis,Ephedra,andSalviaetc.SomewildherbsinseveredangersuchasGlycyrrhizaehavebeenlargelyculturedinMidEastaridzonesandHexicorridor.在药材种植的品种上以传统大宗药材为主,如当归、党参、黄(红)芪和大黄。这些药材在全国占有举足轻重的地位。在生产以上传统大宗品种的同时,随着药农栽培技术的提高,在品种结构上发生了一些变化,新的家种品种开始普及,如柴胡、板蓝根、秦艽、黄芩、麻黄草、冬花、防风、桔梗等;一些濒危野生药材如甘草等,已经开始在中东部干旱地区和河西走廊大面积栽培种植,并且取得了很好的效果。SourceandproductionofTCMinGANSU(3)Asdevelopmentofherbalproduction,herbalprocessinghasalsobeenlargelydeveloped.Upto2000andherbalindustryvalueis0.7billionyuan.HerbalindustryhasbecomethemostactiveandpotentialfieldofGansuprovince.Herbalprocessingindustrydevelopsveryfastinrecentyears.HerbalprocessingfarmsinDingxionlyis1500,withmorethan11thousandtonherbsand0.15billionyuanproductionvalue.随着中药材生产的发展,近年来中药材加工也得到同步发展。截至2000年,甘肃中药工业产值已达到7亿元,中药工业已经成为全省医药工业中最具活力和发展潜力最好的领域。中药饮片加工业近年来发展更快,据统计,仅定西地区就有药材加工户1500多户,年加工量在1.1万吨以上,加工产值近1.5亿元。SourceandproductionofTCMinGANSU(4)甘肃主要中草药品种简介ThemostimportantherbsinGansuAngelicaeRadix当归岷县.13,340ha,25,000,000kg;占全国总量95%.Actions:Blood-tonifying,defaecationandimmunodulation作用:补血活血润肠通便Indications:Blood-tonifyingherbs;Herbspromotingbloodcirculationanddissolvingbloodstasis.Calledwomen’sherb补血、活血止血、抗炎、抗病毒。Productionplaceandyield:Mingcounty13,340ha,25,000,000kg;95%ofChinaCodonopsisRadix党参Productionplaceandyield:LongnanandDingxi13,340ha;20,000,000kg,70%ofChina陇南和定西地区。13,340ha;20,000,000kg;占全国总量70%.Actions:immunomodulation提高免疫力Indications:Qi-tonifyingherbs.扩张外周血管,降血压。能增加红细胞,对放化疗引起的白细胞下降具有升高作用。RhubarbRadix大黄Productionplaceandyield:LongnanandDingxi
本文标题:HERBS1
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