铁道线路大修及换铺无缝线路设计

目录摘要..........................................................................................................IAbstract.............................................................................................................II第1章前言...................................................................................................31.1课题的来源和目的...................................................................................................................31.1.1无缝线路的发展历史及现状........................................................................................31.1.2问题的提出....................................................................................................................41.2国内外研究综述..........................................................................................................................51.3本文研究内容和思路..................................................................................................................61.3.1本文研究内容...................................................................................................................61.3.2本文研究思路...................................................................................................................6第2章换铺无缝线路的过程分析与探讨...................................................82.1线路大修时无缝线路的铺设...................................................................................................82.1.1铺设前的准备...................................................................................................................82.1.2铺设过程...........................................................................................................................82.1.3应力放散...........................................................................................................................82.1.4施工质量过程控制标.......................................................................................................92.2对应力放散的技术性分析........................................................................................................102.2.1放散的基本要求.............................................................................................................102.2.2放散方法的确定.............................................................................................................102.2.3放散作业标准及注意事项.............................................................................................112.3.1无缝线路胀轨跑道的主要原因.....................................................................................112.3.2无缝线路的防胀措施.....................................................................................................11结论.................................................................................................................13致谢.................................................................................................................14参考文献.........................................................................................................15西南交通大学网络教育毕业设计I摘要无缝线路为本世纪铁路上最大技术改革之一，己成为当今轨道结构现代化的主要标志。它在减少线路维修工作量、延长轨道部件使用寿命、节约能源，降低噪音等方面，均有显著效果，确为铁路内外人员所公认。无缝线路自第二次世界大战后开始正式使用，发展非常迅速，各国铁路纷纷铺设，而且已成为高速，重载铁路必须选用的轨道结构。在发展过程中，不论在焊接，长轨运输、铺设、维修，以及事故的预防和处理等方面，均有新的建树。我国无缝线路自50年代开始铺设以来，深受各铁路局之欢迎，也引起了各方有关人员的注意，各院校师生、现扬从业人员，以及科研部门对这项新技术不断钻研改进，取得不少新成就。跨区间无缝线路是一种新型轨道结构型式，完全消除了钢轨接头，彻底实现了线路的无缝化，其优点十分明显。由于跨区间无缝线路适应高速与重载铁路的发展需要，因此，世界各国竞相发展。道岔无缝化是跨区间无缝线路发展的难点和关键技术。无缝道岔结构复杂，掌握其在温度力作用下的受力和变形规律是无缝道稀设计、施工和养护维修的理论基础。本文结合国铁交通无缝线路铺设方法，对国铁中的换铺法进行介绍，无缝线路早已经在国内铁路开始广泛应用。针对目前我国铁路对既有线路换铺无缝线路的情况，分析了既有线换铺无缝线路的方法、过程以及技术要点。关键词：换铺无缝线路焊接工务应力放散防胀西南交通大学网络教育毕业设计IIAbstractSeamlesslinesfortherailway,oneofthebiggesttechnologicalreformhasbecomethemaincurrenttrackstructuremodernizationlogo.Itlinemaintenanceworkloadinreducingtrackcomponents,prolongservicelife,saveenergyandreducenoise,etc,allhavesignificanteffects,indeedrecognizedforrailwayinsideandoutsidepersonnel.Seamlesstracksincethesecondworldwariibegantoformaluse,isdevelopingveryfast,countrieshavelaid,andrailwayhigh-speed,hasbecometherailwaytomustchooseheavyrailstructure.Inthedevelopmentprocess,whetherinwelding,longrailtransportation,laying,maintenance,andaccidentpreventionandhandling,etc,allhavenewbuilds.Ourcountrysincethe1950sbeganjointless-tracksincetherailwaystationbylayingthewelcome,alsohascausedthepartiesconcernedpersonnel'sattention,teachersandstudents,universitiesandcolleges,andyoungprofessionalsnowforthenewtechnologyresearchdepartment,mademanyimprovementsalwaysfocusonnewachievements.Betweenspannedjointless-trackisanewtypeoftrackstructure,totallyeliminatesrailjoints,thoroughlyrealizedthelinesofseamless,itsadvantageisveryobvious.Duetoseamlessroutebetweenspannedhigh-speedrailwaydevelopmentneedswithheavy,so,theworldcompeteddeveloping.Railseamlesschangeisthedevelopmentofseamlessroutebetweenspannedthedifficultiesandthekeytechnology.Seamlessrailstructureiscomplex,grasptheirintemperatureforcesstressanddeformationisseamlesswaydilutedesign,constructionandmaintenancetheoreticalbasis.BasedonGuoTietrafficseamlesstracklayingmethods,thechangeofGuoTiespreadmeth