延续动词和非延续性动词的区别

动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如:learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for2years;since从句,sincehecamehere;since+时间点名词,sincelastyear,since5daysago;howlong;foralongtime等。例:Hehaslivedherefor6years.Youcankeepthebookfor5days.Istayedtherefor2weekslastyear.Howlongdidyoustaytherelastyear?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,如:twoyearsago;at5o'clock;例:Hedied5yearsago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:Ihaven'tleftherefor3years.Ihaven'theardfromhimfor3weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换:leave---beaway,borrow---keep,buy---have,begin/start---beon,die---bedead,finish---beover,join---bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构,opensth---keepsthopen,fallill---beill,getup---beup,catchacold---haveacold,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,become---be,comeback---beback,fallasleep---beasleep,getto/arrive/reach---be(in,leave---beawayfrom,gettoknow---know,go(getout→beout,puton→wear;catchacold→haveacold等。例:Theoldmandied4yearsago.----Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.----Itis4yearssincetheoldmandied.----Fouryearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.HejoinedtheParty2yearsago.-----HehasbeeninthePartyfor2years.Iboughtthebook5daysago.----Ihavehadthebookfor5days.1补充练习:1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus________for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway2.I______theLeaguefor5yearssofar.A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin3.Thefactory________sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened4.MaryandRose_______friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome5.Youmustn't________untilhecomesback.A.beawayB.leaveC.beleft6.Themeeting_______foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover7.MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught8.Ben______ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became9.I______homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned10.Howlong_______he________?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead11.He______ateightyesterdayafternoon.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept12.He________thecarforaweek.2A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad13.-----Howlong_____you_____ill?-----Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been14.Since2000,he_____hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom15.I'lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_____itfor2days.A.borrowB.keepC.take16.Thebus______ontheroadfor2hourssofar.A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeen17.Areyou_____thejacketthesedays?A.wearingB.puttingonC.dressingD.on18.He________foe2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenup19.Tomisillinhospital.He_______acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad20.-----HowlongcanI______thebook?------Twoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.getD.keep1---5DCABB;6---10CAABC;11---15BCCCB;16---20CACDD如果你仔细看完这个并且完全理解了肯定会对你英语学习有很大帮助3