英国议会制辩论讲座(BP制)-----第一讲英国议会制辩论导论

ChinaDebateEducationNetworkCurriculumOutlineIntroductiontoBritishParliamentaryDebate*中国辩论教育网络课程大纲英国议会制辩论导论I.A.Debateinsociety社会中的辩论Peopleinthedebatecommunitylearnskillsthat人们在辩论中学习到的技能将有助于他们willhelpthemintheireverydaylives,athome,at每日的生活、工作和社交活动。work,andthroughoutthecommunity.Peopleinthedebatecommunitylearnskillsto人们在辩论中学习的技能将有助于他们becomegoodglobalcitizens.成长为良好的世界公民。Peopleinthedebatecommunityalsolearnthatthey人们在辩论中也将意识到，他们必须学mustadaptskillsofcompetitivedebatetoother习掌握与不同观点沟通讨论的技能。这包括venuesbycarefullyconsideringdifferencesthat学会体察日常所遇到的不同观点之中所存existbetweencompetitiveandeverydayvenuesfor在的差别。argumentationanddebate.Reasonsforlearningdebate学习辩论的原因Tohoneskillsinpublicspeakingandlanguageuse.磨练公共语言表达能力Theseskillshelpdebatersbyenhancingself-这些能力帮助辩手增强自信和表现力confidenceandpoise.Shouldnotdevelopoverstylizedspeechpatterns不应将辩论演变成某种程式化的演讲thatdebaterssometimesusetowieldpowerrather模式。辩论应当用于交流信息和观点，而thanconveyinformationandarguments.不是用于施展权力。B.Asagoodmethodtoexpandknowledgebothin（辩论）是一种拓展知识深度和广度depthandbreadth.的好办法Thesehabitsaregoodastheyhelpdebatersevolve这些好习惯将会使辩手终身受益。intolifelonghabitsofactivecitizenry.Debaterslearntoappreciatedifferentperspectives辩手们学会在争议中尊重不同的观点。oncontroversialissuesthereforelearningtoapply由此，辩手们学会用批判性的眼光看待criticalthinkingtoallfacetsoftheirlives.生活的不同侧面。Avoid“informationalarrogance”whichcanleadto在特定的话题中，避免因“知识傲慢”theinabilitytocommunicatewithaudiencesless而影响与受众的良好沟通。wellinformedoncertaintopics.NotesB.C.II.A.*CreatedSeptember20122012年9月编写BPFormat–2C.Learntoengagecriticalprocesses学习掌握批判性思维方法Teachdebaterstosortoutbetterfromworse教会辩手们明辨是非和在大量的话语positionsandtolearntofindvalueintheclashor中寻找到有价值信息的能力。separateideas.Debatersshouldnotusecriticalprocessesto“winat辩手们不应将批判方法理解为“为anycost”ortolearntoengageinthe“spin”ofideas了胜利而不惜一切代价，或者是学会tomakepoorideasappearbetterthantheyreally将平庸的观点矫饰为金玉其外的妙论。are.D.Debatersgainskillsforadynamiccitizenry获得成为活跃公民的能力Debateteacheseffectiveargumentalongwith辩论既教会人们有效的讨论问题的respectforfellowcitizens.同时学会尊重其他人。Debaterslearntoargueinacontextofrespectand辩论教会人们在相互尊重的语境下collaborationinthefaceofcompetingideas.讨论问题，以及在竞争的语境中通力合作。E.Debateasalaboratory将辩论视作“实验室”Debatetournamentsandcompetitionsarepractice辩论竞赛通过实践性的环境模拟现forsituationswhereargumentationcanbebrought实生活中的讨论。tobearonreal-lifesituations.Exclusiverelianceondebatecompetitionscanresult对比赛结果的过分追求会导致“以ina“powerover”ratherthana“powerwith”势压人”，而不是融“势”于理。杰出attitude.Excellentandethicaldebatersresist的辩手们普遍反对将理性变成恃强凌弱translatingreasoningintoexertingpowerover的手段。others.BPFormat–3III.IntroductiontoconceptsforBPDebateFormaBP制概况介绍t.A.Namesofspeakersandorderofspeeches辩手称谓和发言顺序Time时长7minutes7分钟Speaker发言者PrimeMinister首相1stspeakerforFirstGovernment:正上一辩LeaderofOpposition反对党领袖1stspeakerforFirstOpposition:反上一辩DeputyPrimeMinister副首相2ndspeakerforFirstGovernment:正上二辩DeputyLeaderofOpposition2ndspeakerforFirst反对党副领袖Opposition:反上二辩MemberofGovernment政府阁员1stspeakerforSecondGovernment:正下一辩MemberofOpposition反对党阁员1stspeakerforSecondOpposition:反下一辩GovernmentWhip政府党鞭2ndspeakerforSecondGovernment:正下二辩OppositionWhip反对党党鞭2ndspeakerforSecondOpposition:反下二辩7minutes7minutes7minutes7minutes7minutes7minutes7minutesBPFormat–4B.SpeakerrolesandspeakerResponsibilities辩手角色和职责SpeakerResponsibilitiesforBritishParliamentaryDebateSpeaker辩手PrimeMinister首相1stspeakerforFirstGovernment:Leaderof反对党Opposition领袖1stspeakerforFirstOpposition:DeputyPrimeMinister副首相2ndspeakerforFirstGovernment:DeputyLeaderofOpposition反对党副2ndspeakerfor领袖FirstOpposition:MemberofGovernment1stspeakerforSecondGovernment:政府阁员MemberofOpposition1stspeakerforSecondOpposition:反对党阁员SpeakerResponsibilities职责Definesandinterpretsthemotion.定义与阐释辩题Developsthecasefortheproposition.为正方立论Acceptsthedefinitionofthemotion.接受辩题定义Refutesthecaseofthe1stproposition.反驳首相立论Constructsoneormoreargumentsagainstthe构建一个或多个论点反驳PrimeMinister’sinterpretationofthemotion.首相对辩题的阐释Refutesthecaseofthe1stopposition.反驳反对党领袖的立论Rebuildsthecaseofthe1stproposition.强化本方立论Mayaddnewargumentstothecaseofthe1st可以为proposition.本方增加新论点Continuesrefutationofcaseof1stproposition.继续反驳正方立论Rebuildsargumentsofthe1stopposition.强化本方立论Mayaddnewargumentstothecaseofthe1st可以为opposition.本方增加新论点Defendsthegeneraldirectionandcaseofthe1st大体上防御正方上院的立论proposition.Continuesrefutationof1stoppositionteam.继续反驳反方上院Developsanewargumentthatisdifferentfrom建构一些立场一致而又区别butconsistentwiththecaseofthe1stproposition正方上院的新论点(frequentlycalledanextension).（通常称为“扩展”）Defendsthegeneraldirectiontakenbythe1st大方向上防御反上的立论opposition.Continuesgeneralrefutationof1stproposition大体上反驳正上case.Providesmorespecificrefutationof2nd具体反驳正下proposition.Providesnewoppositionextension.提供扩展论点Summarizestheentiredebatefromthepointof从正方的角度总结整场辩论，viewoftheproposition,defendingthegeneral以正下论点的独特视角整体防御正方viewpointofbothpropositionteamswitha不要提供新论点specialeyetowardthecaseofthe2ndproposition.Doesnotprovidenewarguments.Summarizestheentiredebatefromthepointof从反方的角度总结整场辩论，viewoftheopposition,defendingthegeneral以反下论点的独特视角整体防御反方viewpointofbothoppositionteamswithaspecial不要提供新论点eyetowardthecaseofthe2ndopposition.Doesnotprovidenewarguments.Government