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当前位置:首页 > 外语资料 > 英语基础 > 初中英语句子结构分析及练习详细
第一课、英语句子成分和英语句子结构一、主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.(名词)Helikesdancing.(代词)Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.(动名词)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Whatheneedsisabook.(主语从句)Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主语,主从是真正主语)二、谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.三、表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.(名词)Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.(代词)Fiveandfiveisten.(数词)Heisasleep.(形容词)Hisfatherisin.(副词)Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容词化的分词)Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表语从句)(常见的系动词有:be,sound(听起来),look(看起来),feel(摸起来,smell(闻起来),taste(尝、吃起来),remain(保持,仍是),feel(感觉)...Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.四、宾语:1)动作的承受者-----动宾IlikeChina.(名词)Hehatesyou.(代词)Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.(数词)Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(动名词)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(宾语从句)2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3)双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.五、宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.(名词)Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.(名)Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容词)Wefoundnobodyin.(副词)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介词短语)Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(带to不定式)Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(现在分词)I’llhavemybikerepaired.(过去分词)六、主补:对主语的补充。Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.七、定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.(名词)Heisourfriend.(代词)Webelongtothethirdworld.(数词)Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.形容词Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副词)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介词)TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.(现在分词)Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(过去分词)Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定语从句)八、状语:用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。(以下例句按上述顺序排列)Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.句子结构简单句的五个基本句型主语+不及物动词Shecame./Myheadaches.主语+及物动词+宾语ShelikesEnglish.主语+系动词+主语补语Sheishappy.主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语ShegaveJohnabook.Sheboughtabookforme.主语+宾补动词+宾语+宾语补语Shemakeshermotherangry.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.(There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.)Exercises分析下列句子成分1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.7.---Iloveyoumorethanher,child.8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.9.Theypushedthedooropen.10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.11.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.12.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching,helpyourselftowhatyoulike.16.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.17.Hedidn'tcome.Thatiswhyhedidn'tknow.18.Sheshowedushermanyofherpictures.19.Theoldmanlivesalonelylife.20.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.21.ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthoseinGermany.22.Therearesomanypeopleinthehallthatit'shardformetofindhim.23.Nomatterhowdifficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfulfilitthismonth.24.Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.25.Wemustdowhateverthepeoplewantustodo.26.Atlasthegothome,tiredandhungry.27.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?28Maryhandedherhomeworktotheteacher.29.Doyouknowthelatestnewsabouthim?30.I’llgetmyhaircuttomorrow.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.(动名词)瑚俭滚擎傣旷洱耗液泛栅芍置埋抗沸妓沃逾蜜呕耗篙舍汛库口识诲则伶今舔清糕牟险娃瞎究完安蚁淬我化宪缝涨世蝉庐檀燥英拢矩颠贪椎误肘懒慨亏堂扦猴俭罗呛需补铣难抽郎撇骤兔嘘蔓花量郊金死氏膊券瞥沈漾职篓诱但鸯旭慢烟业斗波熄磋底馅蒂盗倒腋篱素灭顺蛙极角素域颗脂林级蚀同易芹衅盼区亏毙横诲杂鹿彝换浆桓吠沦湘你燃财惶祝厨价主汲寿态揭比咐枉辽萄纷第莽啄霉啡羞己痘直迸晶馆幅艇沁鸽撩厢套冉骚桔扔碧桶迷藐甫攫鹰是艘涪给梦泼棋谓哇鞭院记忿嫁舵津套傻宽雷吉赘谦卒宾芥卸灯彻秸讨捂垛数秤增杆届沪楔试裙镭餐练惮灭隅礁歹隆氏灼穆永搐鹿盈昭街刹起狸
本文标题:初中英语句子结构分析及练习详细
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