新编英语教程5-Unit-10-Things-The-Throw-Away-Society

UnitTEN:TEXTIWordsandExpressionsParagraph1Eminently(l.4)(Note1):very;perfectly;elegantly不寻常地，非常E.g.:Thediscussioniseminentlypractical.讨论非常实际。Hisarticlesareeminentlycomprehensible.他的文章特别易于理解。LittlegirlsadoreBarbiebecausesheishighlyrealisticandeminentlydress-upable(l.4)(Note1):ThereasonwhyBarbieappealssomuchtolittlegirlsisthatshelooksjustlikeareal-lifepersonwhocanbedressedupinthewaytheywish.Paragraph2humanoid(l.10):(esp.ofamachine)havinghumanshapeorqualities似人的，有人类特点的-oid:like;intheformofE.g.:metalloid(likeametal)Mongoloid(likeMongolian)trade-inallowance(l.11)(Note3):Theamountofmoneyashopdeductsfromthepriceofanewthingwhichacustomerbuyswhenheturnsinanoldonetotheshop以旧换新打折价跳楼价cut-throatprice;thelowestprice疯狂甩卖crazysale;crazydroppedprice大减价pricecutting冬季大减价WinterCrazySaleMoreover,Mattelannouncedthat,forthefirsttime,anyyoungladywishingtopurchaseanewBarbiewouldreceiveatrade-inallowanceforheroldone.(ll.10-11)Besides,Mattelmadepublicthat,forthefirsttime,allgirlsdesirousofbuyingaBarbiefromitscompanyweretobegiventherightofturningintheirolddollsinexchangefornewmodelsatareducedprice.Paragraph4texture(l.18):thedegreeofroughnessorsmoothness,coarsenessorfineness,ofasurface,substance,ormaterial,esp.asfeltbytouch质地，纹理，结构iridescent(l.18):showingchangingcolorsaslightfallsonit色彩斑斓的，彩虹般的E.g.:Soapbubblesareiridescent.肥皂泡沫色彩斑斓。Butincreasingly,itisthetechnologicallyproducedenvironmentthatmattersfortheindividual.(ll.17-18)Butmoreandmore,man-madeproductsformaveryimportantpartinthelivesofpeople.cityscape(l.19):thesightorviewofacity-scape:ascenicview,asinapictureE.g.:landscape;moonscape;beachscapestaggering(l.19):stunning,wondrous,breathtaking,unbelievable,shocking,lurid,astonishing,astounding,sensationalDesktopcomputersusedtocostastaggeringsumofmoney.Man-madethingsenterintoandcolorhisconsciousness(ll.20-21):consciousness:one’smindandthoughtscolorsb’sjudgment/opinions/attitudes,etc.:influencethewaysomeonethinksaboutsth.esp.sothattheybecomelessfairorreasonableMan-madethingsenterintoandcolorhisconsciousness(ll.20-21):Hismindisfilledwithandinfluencedbyartificialthings.Or:Technologicallyproducedthingscometobeacceptedbypeopleandarebeginningtoshapetheirmentality.Theirnumberisexpandingwithexplosiveforce,bothabsolutelyandrelativetothenaturalenvironment.(ll.21-22):Therehasbeenatremendousincreaseinman-madethingsintermsoftheiractualnumbernotonlybyitselfbutalsocomparedtoournaturalenvironment.Paragraph5deride(l.24):laughatormakefunof(somethingconsideredworthless)嘲笑；嘲弄ridicule;scoffat;jeerat;mockatE.g.:Theyderidedhisnotionthatmancanconquerspace.Paragraph6lingering(l.32):Theliteralmeaningofthiswordis“slowtodisappear”alingeringillnessalingeringhope断桥残雪LingeringSnowontheBrokenBridgeInthiscontext,lingeringlymeans“clingingtowithdevotionorclaspingwithlove.”NothingcouldbemoredramaticthanthedifferencebetweenthenewbreedoflittlegirlswhocheerfullyturnintheirBarbiesforthenewimprovedmodelandthosewho,liketheirmothersandgrandmothersbeforethem,clutchlingeringlyandlovinglytothesamedolluntilitdisintegratesfromsheerage.(ll.29-33)Thisdifferenceseemsmostnoticeablebetweenthemodernthrow-away-orientedgirlswho,ontheonehand,aredelightedinreplacingtheirout-of-dateBarbiesforup-to-dateones,andtheirold-fashionedcounterparts,ontheotherhand,who,liketheirmothersandgrandmothers,arereluctanttopartwiththeirdearlittledollsuntiltheyaretimewornandbroken/untiltheyfallapart.permanenceandtransience(l.35):Thesetwoareapairofantonyms.Theformersignifies“long-lastingnessorforalongtime”andthelatterisjusttheopposite,meaning“temporariness,impermanence”.Transientandtemporaryaresynonyms,buttheyaredifferentinthattemporarysignifies“lastingforatime”(暂时的)whiletransientmeans“existingonlyforthemoment”(稍纵即逝的).Paragraph7atarapidclip(l.39):informal)ataveryfastspeedclip:(informal,esp.AmE)fastspeedE.g.:Theytraveledonfootataclipof25milesaday.他们徒步旅行，一天走25英里。bib(l.39):apieceofclothorplastictiedunderachild’schintoprotectitsclotheswheneating围涎，围兜，围嘴muffin(l.41):asmall,thick,roundbread-likecake,usuallyeatenhotwithbutter松饼，小松糕TVdinner(l.43):盒装电视便餐(一种速冻食品，食用时加热即可，便于食用而不中断看电视)packeddinner盒饭/lightmeal便餐Sheisinextricablyembeddedinathrow-awayculture(ll.45-46):inextricably:inseparablyE.g.:Highbirthrateandlowlifeexpectancyusedtobeinextricablylinkedinourcountry,butitisnolongersotoday.embed:vt.fixfirmlyanddeeplyinamassofsurroundingsubstance嵌入、插入E.g.:Heexertedsomuchstrengththathisknifegotembeddedinthechoppingblock(砧板).Asplinter(破片、刺)wasembeddedinmyfinger.inextricablyembedded:sodeeplyinvolvedthatitisimpossibletogetfreeshebecomesapartofthethrow-awaysocietyfromwhichshecannotbreakaway.Paragraph8runcounterto(ll.47-48):conflictwith;oppose;beoppositetoE.g.:Thegovernment’sactionsruncountertotheirelectionpromises.背道而驰runcounterto/goagainstthegrain:becontrarytoone’sinclinationordispositiongrain(l.48)(Note14):thenaturalarrangementofthelinesoffiberinwood,etc.,asseenonthesurfacethathasbeensawn木材等的纹理；气质E.g.:cutthemeatinthedirectionofthegrain顺着纹理切肉brotherssimilaringrain气质相似的兄弟steepin(l.48):a.placeandleave(something)in(liquid)foralongtime;imme