小学英语语法总结汇报及练习

小学英语语法总结及练习12019-1-302019-1-301.口诀：我用am,你用are,is用在他她它，复数全用are。2.肯定句：IamSarah.Heisateacher.Sheisintheroom.Itisadog.Myhairislong.Wearefamily.Theyarefriends.Hereyesaresmall.1.Be动词的用法23.否定句：IamnotSarah.I'mnotSarah.Heisnotateacher.Sheisnotintheroom.Itisn'tadog.Myhairisn'tlong.Wearenotfamily.Theyarenotfriends.Hereyesaren'tsmall.4.一般疑问句：AmISarah?Yes,youare.No,youaren't.IssheSarah?Yes,sheis.No,sheisn't.Aretheyfriends?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren't.Be动词的用法3用am,is,are填空1.I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.2.Where_____yourmother?She______athome.3.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?4.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.5.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.6.Whosebook______this?7.______thesebooksSarah's?Be动词的用法41．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前，宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。2.人称代词和物主代词5人称代词物主代词主格（句首做主语）宾格（句尾做宾语）形容词性（名首做主语）名词性（句尾做宾语）Imemymineyouyouyouryourshehimhishissheherherhersitititsitsweusourourstheythemtheirtheirs人称代词和物主代词6人称代词物主代词主格（句首做主语）宾格（句尾做宾语）形容词性（名首做主语）名词性（句尾做宾语）Imineyourhisherititsweoursthemtheirs人称代词和物主代词7一.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Isthis_______watch?(you)No,it'snot_______.(I)2.Thatisnot_________book.Thatbookisverysmall,but________isverybig.(I)3.Thebookis______.Giveitto______.(you)4.Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it)人称代词和物主代词85.______ismybrother.________nameisJack.Look!Thosebooksare_________.(he)6._____sisterisill.Pleasegoandget_______.(she)7.Whereare_________?Ican'tfind________.Let'scall________parents.(they)8.Can______havealookatthatclassroom?Thatis_______classroom.(we)9.___don'tknowhername.Wouldyoutell___.(we)人称代词和物主代词93.名词复数规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,watch-watches.3.黑人，英雄，土豆，西红柿变复数后面加es，其他以o结尾的单词变复数后加s,如：photo-photos,hero-heroes,negro-negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes.4．以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：day-days,family-families.5．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives，leaf——leaves.10•5．不规则名词复数：•man-men,woman-women,•child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth•fish-fish,deer-deer,sheep-sheep,•people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese.名词复数规则11练习：写出下列各词的复数book_________bag_______potato_________tomato_______photo_______box_________dress________bus__________peach________sandwich______dish_________tooth_________名词复数规则12diary________day_________strawberry_____family________leaf_______knife_______tooth_________foot_________sheep_________people________man_________woman_______child_________deer_________Chinese_________Japanese_______名词复数规则134.动词三单的变化规则当主语为第三人称单数（he,she,it等）时，谓语动词需变成三单结构。1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks.2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes.3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：stay-stays,study-studies.4.have变成has,do变成does.14练习:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________make________look_________have_______plant_______come________go_______watch______fly________stay________study_______carry____brush________teach_______pass_______guess_______动词三单的变化规则15二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.3.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.4.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.动词三单的变化规则16用括号内动词的适当形式填空。5.LiuTao_______(play)sportsto_____(stay)healthy.Thechildoften6._______(fly)kitesonSundays.7.Mike_______(like)cooking.8.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?－It'sSaturday.动词三单的变化规则171、therebe句型与have(has)的区别：therebe（is，are）表示在某地有某物（或人），主语是某地；have(has)表示某人拥有某物，主语是某人。2、在therebe句型中，be动词的形式根据离be动词最近的那个名词决定，如果是单数，be动词用is;如果是复数，be动词用are。Thereisabookandthreepens.Therearethreepensandabook.3.have,has：主语是第一、二人称，或者复数，用have.主语是第三人称单数，用has。Ihaveabook.Hehasabook.5.Therebe句型与have,has的区别185、否定句，一般疑问句的区别：Thereisn'tabookandthreepens.Therearen'tthreepensandabook.Ihaven'tabook.Hehasn'tabook.Isthereabookandthreepens?Aretherethreepensandabook?Doyouhaveabook?Doeshehaveabook?6.Therebe句型与have,has的区别196.肯定句中出现some或and，在否定句或疑问句中要分别变成any,or。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Howmany+名词复数+arethere+介词短语？Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？Therebe句型与have,has的区别20•练习：Fillintheblankwith“have,has”or“thereis,thereare”1.I________agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.Whatdoyou___________?3.They___________anicegarden.4._____________somemapsonthewall.5.______________amapoftheworldonthewall.Therebe句型与have,has的区别21练习：Fillintheblankwith“have,has”or“thereis,thereare”6.WhatdoesMike___________?7.Myparents_________astory-book.8.Howmanystudents____________intheclassroom?9.Howmuchwater____________onthedesk?Therebe句型与have,has的区别22一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.一般现在时的构成1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.3.当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：MarylikesChinese.6.一般现在时23一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?一般现在时242.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,