2016成人本科学士学位英语考试——虚拟语气的用法及专项练习.docx

虚拟语气用法及专项练习题虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：一、基本形式和用法假设类型条件从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与现在的事实相反If+动词过去式Should（Would、could、might）+动词原形与过去的事实相反If+had+过去分词Should（Would、could、might）+have+过去分词与将来的事实可能相反If+wereto+动词原形If+should+动词原形Should（Would、could、might）+动词原形1．Ifhehadthetime,JohnwouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.2．IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately.3．Ifyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudo?4．IfIweretoseehertomorrow,Iwouldtellherthetruth.5．IfI’dknownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.二、if的省略形式if条件句中如果有were,should,had,可以省去if,并使用倒装句序。Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyou.(=Ifyouhadaskedme,…)三、含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：Withoutwater,fishwouldnotlive.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavepassedCET6.四、错综时间的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：1.Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonehome.五、在Suggest,advise等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：Suggest（,advise,recommend,demand,require,insist,urge,request,order,ask,move,propose等）+that…(should)+动词原形注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。Hesuggestedthatthey(should)stopsmoking.上述动词的名词形式出现时，that引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。Hemadearequestthatthey(should)stopsmoking.六、Itis(was)+necessary,apity等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：Itis(was)+important（,natural,necessary,essential,strange,等）+that…(should)+动词原形Itisimportantthatyou(should)followthedoctor’sorders.七、wish的用法动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反主语+wish(that)+主语+动词过去完成式—与过去事实相反助动词过去式+动词原形—与将来事实相反1.IwishIwereapopsinger.(=IamsorryIamnotapopsinger..)2.IwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.(=IamsorryIstoppedteaching.)3.Iwishthey’dletusgetsomesleep.八、asif,asthough,would(had)rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，1.Heactsasifnothinghadhappened.2.Iwouldratheryoudidn’ttellhim.九、It’s(high)timethat…+动词过去式，如：1.It’stime(that)youhadahaircut.2.It’shightime(that)wetooksomeaction.虚拟语气专项练习题(1).IfIyou,Iwouldgobyplane.Flyingismuchfaster.CA.beB.wasC.wereD.am(2).IdonotthinkthosepeoplearereallyEnglish.Iftheywere,theyspeakwithFrenchaccents.DA.don'tB.willnotC.mustn'tD.wouldn't(3)today,wouldwebeabletogettherebyTuesday?CA.WereweleavingB.IfweleaveC.WouldweleaveD.Werewetoleave(4).IfJonetomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?CA.werenottocomeB.willnotcomeC.wouldnotcomeD.hadnotcome(5).“Shedidn'taskme,soIdidn'thelpher?”“YoumeantosayC,youwould'vehelpedher?”A.ifsheaskedyouB.ifsheweretoaskyouC.hadsheaskedyouC.wereshetoaskyou(6).Theytooktheinjuredstraighttothehospital.OtherwisesomeofthemC.A.mighthavediedB.mightdieC.woulddieD.coulddie(7).Iftheyhadknownhim,Atohim?A.wouldtheyhavetalkedB.wouldtheytalkC.hadtheytalkedD.theywouldtalk(8).IfIlivedinthecity,IDtravelincrowdedbuses,butItoseelotsoffilms.A.shallhaveto/shallbeableB.shallhaveto/amableC.wouldhaveto/wereableD.wouldhaveto/wouldbeable(9).Iwouldhavegonetotheconcert,ifIBtime.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad(10).CIknownit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.A.HaveB.IfC.HadD.Having(11).Dyourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceeded.A.BecauseB.BecauseofC.ButD.Butfor(12).“WhatdidMrSmithsayabouthiscareer?”“OnlythatifheAamillionaire,hewouldhavefewerworries.”A.didnotbecomeB.hadnotbecomeC.doesnotbecomeD.hasnotbecome(13).“Whydidn'tyouhelphim?”“IwouldhaveBIdidn'thavethemoney.”A.stillB.butC.otherwiseD.or(14).“WhoshouldgotoseeLiYing?Heisilltoday.”“IsuggestWangHongB.”A.goesB.wouldgoC.goD.went(15).Thehousemasterwasstrict.HerequestedthatweAtelevisiononweeknights.A.notwatchB.mustnottowatchC.notbewatchingD.havenotwatch(16).Ican'tspeakJapanese,butIdowishIB.A.canB.couldC.hadD.speak(17).“Areyouenjoyingyourstayhere?’“Yes,verymuch.IwishIAhavetoleavesosoon.”A.won'tB.don'tC.mustn'tD.didn't(18).“Whatwillyoudoduringthesummerholidays?”“Idon'tknow,butit'sabouttimeConsomething.”A.I'mdecidingB.I'lldecideC.IdecidedD.I'ddecided(19).I'dratheryouDanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.sayB.didn'tsayC.don'tsayD.notsay(20).“Whydoyouhavetobethereatsix?”“TheteacherdemandsthateveryoneCinhisseatatsix.”A.wouldbeB.canbeC.beD.willbe(21).“Howdoesthelibrarianact?”“HeactsasifheAawalkingdictionary.”A.wereB.beC.isD.hasbeen(22).ThereisalawthatdrunkendriversCseverelypunished.A.wereB.areC.beD.willbe(23).HenrytalkstohisdogasifitBhim.A.understandsB.understoodC.understandD.wouldunderstand(24).JefflookedasifheCaghost.A.sawB.hasseenC.hadseenD.wouldsee(25).Givehermybestregards,C.A.shouldyouseehertodayB.ifyousawhertodayC.ifyouwouldseehertodayD.shouldyouhaveseenhertoday(26).TherewasasuggestionbytheteachersthatthemeetingBpostponedforaweek.A.hadbeenB.wouldbeC.wasD.shouldbe(27).ItishighlydesirablethateveryeffortBtoreducepollutioninBeijing.A.wasmadeB.bemadeC.willbemadeD.wouldbemade(28).ThemanagerwouldratherthathiswifeCworkinthesameofficeashedoesA.doesnotB.didnotC.wouldnotD.willnot(29).TheteacherinsistedthatweallAbackbytwoo'clock.A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe(30).Ididn'tgotothefootballmatch,butIdowishICthere.A.wentB.wasC.wereD.hadbeen