不定式公开课

M5Unit1GrammarIt’samypleasuretoteachyouinfinitiveheretoday.Youshouldtryyourbesttoimpresstheteachers.Iexpectallofyoutoperformwellinthisclass.Tobehonest,maybealittlehard.Theyadvisedmetogiveupsmoking.Theyadvisedme_______________smoking.HepromisedtotakecareofthepoorHepromised_______________thepoorStep1基本形式和否定形式肯定式:todo否定式:nottodonottogiveupnottotakecareof动词不定式的时态和语态Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.㈠.一般式(todo/tobedone).不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。Step2㈡.进行式(tobedoing)TheyseemedtobetalkingaboutsomethingsecretwhenIcamein.如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。㈢.完成式（tohavedone/tohavebeendone)2.I’mpleasedtohavebeengiventhischance.1.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.如果不定式的动作发生在谓语之前。如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动形式.语态时态主动语态被动语态一般时进行时完成时小结todotobedonetobedoing/tohavedonetohavebeendone练习1.Hello!It’sgood__________(see)youagain.2.Bye-bye,I’mglad_______________(see)you.3.Theypretend_____________(work)hardwhentheteachercamein.4.Thegirlstudentsissaid_____________(send)abroadlastweek.5.Allthestudentsinourclasshaveenteredforthesports-meeting__________(hold)nextweek.1.作主语2.作宾语3.作宾语补足语4.作定语5.作状语6.作表语Todolikethatisfoolish.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottodrinkcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补Step4不定式的用法Doyoubelievehecanflylikeabird?HowcanyoubelieveIcanflylikeabird?_______istobelieve.It’simpossibleforhumans_________________now.Toseetoflylikeabird作主语______________isourduty.___________________isright=Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.1.帮助你是我们的职责。2.放弃吸烟是对的。不定式短语作主语时，如果主语太长，常用it作形式主语，真正的不定式主语后置。TohelpyouTogiveupsmoking作主语。一般用不定式做主语的句型It+be+adj+forsb.todosthIt+take+sb+time+todosthIt+cost+sb+money+todosthMyjobto________________.Yourtaskto_____________.isis.不定式作表语protecttheworld.作表语Myjobis_______________Toseeis___________.1.我的工作是教英语。2.眼见为实。toteachEnglish.tobelieveHelikesto______________.Ifinditstillnecessary(forhim)to___________ifhewantstowin.不定式作宾语playbasketball句型：think/consider/findit+adj.+todo只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事decidetodosth.决定做某事want∕wouldliketodosth.想做某事plantodosth.计划做某needtodosth.需要做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事affordtodo能做某事beusedtodo被用来做Theteachertoldmeto____________Iexpectyouto____________..不定式作宾补handinmypapers动词不定式作宾补动词+宾语+todo动词+宾语+doLiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.注：有以上结构的常用动词有tell.wish,ask,want,like,beg,invite,warn,allow,encourage,advise等。(不带to的不定式)注：常用的动词是：感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice；使役动词have,make,let.①在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。Eg.Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.Heisoftenheard________thesong.注意allow,ask,advise,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,wouldlike,order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish▲(构成“V.+Sb.+todo”的形式)tosing宾补接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：请求与命令想要邀请期待鼓励与建议答应告诫允许提醒和帮助请求与命令asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事tellsb.todosth.命令某人做某事想要邀请期待鼓励与建议wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事答应告诫允许提醒和帮助promisesb.todo答应某人做某事warnsb.nottodosth.告诫某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事Ihavesomethingtosay,butmybrotherhasalotofhomework_____,soIamlookingforsomeone__________.不定式作定语不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。作定语（必须后置）1.Bettywasthefirst/thelasttocometoschool.2.We‘llattendthemeetingtobeheldnextweek.3.Ihaveachildtolookafterathome.Doyouhaveanythingtosay.It’sagoodschooltostudyin.(具有逻辑上的主谓动宾关系）Igotupearlyto______________.Icamehereto___________.(6)不定式作状语inorderto,soasto,enoughto,onlyto,too….to.,catchthetrain作状语Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.目的状语.原因状语.结果状语1他回家去取钥匙2我说了什么话使你不高兴?3赢了这场足球赛,我们感到自豪Hewenthome_____hiskeyWhathaveIsaid______youhappy?Weareproud_____thefootballmatchtogettomaketohavewon目的状语.原因状语.结果状语Consolidation(p20)Totellthetruth,Iamnothappyatthemoment.(7).独立结构•tobefrank,•tobehonest,•totellthetruth牛刀小试1.Mymotheroftenasksme_____somecleaningonSundaysAdoB.doesC.didD.todo2.–DoyouoftenhearJohn_____inhisroom?–Listen!Nowwecanhearhim____inhisroom.A.sing,tosingB.sing,singC.sing,singingD.tosing,singing3.Let’s______swimmingaftertheexam.A.goB.goesC.togoD.went4.You’dbetter_______abus.A.tocatchB.catchC.catchesD.catchingp241.Thepatientwaswarned____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating2.Iwouldlove____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone3.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented4.LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking5.____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep6.Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake7.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning9.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim____.A.nottoB.nottodoC.nottorideD.do