No.2---The Attributive Clause

ENGLISHGRAMMAR:TheAttributiveClauseI.TheDefinition:*TheAttributiveClauseisasubordinateclausewhichdescribesorlimitanounorapronounintheprincipalclause.*Suchaclauseisusuallyintroducedbyarelativepronoun,arelativeadjectiveorarelativeadverb.*ThenounorthepronounmodifiedbyanattributiveclauseiscalledtheAntecedent.II.TheUsesoftheFollowingRelativePronouns/RelativeAdjectives/RelativeAdverbs:who,whom,that;which,that;whose;when,where,whyIII.ThePoints:1.TheSpecialUsesof“THAT”“WHO”“WHICH”:1).Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseenthisyear.(thefirst/any/no/all/only/very/little/much/anything/everything/nothing)e.g.Hisletterscontainlittlethatisinteresting,butmuchthatisdull.2).*Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone./Allthatcanbedonemustbedone.*AllwhowanttogotoGuilin,signyournameshere.(onewho,anyonewho,thosewho)3).*Whothathaseverheardhersingdoesnotadmireher?*WhothatyouhaveeverheardsingsingsbetterthanMissDrake?*Whichofusthatknowsanythingdoesnotknowthis?*Whatthatmadehercrydidyousay?4).*HetoldmetheinterestingpersonandthingsthathehadseeninParis./Thecaranditsdriverthathadrunoveranoldwomanwereheldupbythepolice.5).Theylosttheirway,whichdelayedthemagreatdeal.Thisdictionaryisveryusefultohim,whichhehasrealized.Heoftencomeslatetoschool,whichmakestheteacherangry.2.Prep.+which/whom:(SBII-A,p.29)*Thisisthehouseinwhich/wheretheworkerslive.Thisisthehousetheworkerslivein.*ThepersontowhomIspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.*WuDong,withwhomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.*ThetwothingsaboutwhichMarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.*Herbag,inwhichsheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.*ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,ofwhichthisisoneexample,arewellwritten.3.CompoundPrep.+whom/which:*Heusedtoliveinabighouse,infrontofwhichgrewmanybananatrees.*ThatdayIpassedafactory,atthebackofwhichthereweresomericefields.*Thesoldierrantothebuilding,onthetopofwhichflewaflag.*Intheeveningtheyarrivedatasmallhill,atthefootofwhichtherewasanoldtemple.*Wecameintoalargeroom,inthemiddleofwhichstoodalargetable.4.n./pron./num.+prep.+which/whom:*It(Thetemple)wascarvedintherockandhadontheoutsidefourlargestonefigures,eachofwhichwas20metreshigh.(SBI–23)(c.f.…,andeachofthemwas20…)*About2,000people,manyofwhomwereEuropeans,workedontheprojects.*TherearemanyriversinChina,thelongesttwoofwhicharetheChangjiangRiverandtheHuangheRiver.*Theboys,thetallestofwhomcouldnotreachtheshelf,wenttolookforsomethingtostandon.*Thisdictionary,thefewpagesofwhicharemissing,isoflittleuse/value.*Theworkers,someofwhomstayedforfouryears,camefromdifferentcountries.5.TheRestrictiveAttributiveClauseandtheNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause:*Thefinger(that)Iputintomymouthwasnottheone(that)Ihaddippedintothecup.*Allthebooksthere,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.Allthebookstherethathavebeautifulpicturesinthemwerewrittenbyhim.*Hisbrother,whoiseighteenyearsold,isaPLAman.HisbrotherwhoisaPLAmaniseighteenyearsold.6.ThePhenomenonofSeparation:*HeisthemanwhoIthinkisthedriverofthecar.*Heistheoneofthefivestudentswhowritesthebestintheclass.*Helivesinthethirdroomfromtheeastonthesecondfloor,whosewindowfaces(tothe)south.*ThedaysaregonewhentheChinesepeopleusedthe“foreignoil”./…whentheChinesepeoplegotbullied.7.TheComparisonBetweentheNounClauseandtheEmphasisStructure,(aswellasbetweenrel.adverbandrel.pronoun,etc):*Doyouknowthenewsthatourteamhaswonthegame?Doyouknowthenewsthathebroughthere?*Thisistheroomwheretheworkersoncelived.Thisistheroom(which)theworkersrepairedlastweek.*Istillrememberthedaywhenwestayedtogether.Istillremembertheday(which)wespenttogether.*Thereasonwhyhewasabsentyesterdayisn’tknowntous.Thereason(that)hetoldusisunbelievable.*Isthistheschool_______yourfathervisitedyearsago?Isthistheschool_______yourfatherworkedyearsago?Isthisschool_______________yourfathervisitedyearsago?Isthisschool________yourfatherworkedyearsago?Wasitintheschool______yourfatherworkedyearsago(that)wherewhat/theonewherethat8.TheSubstitutionoftheS.P.:*Thisisthebridgewhichwasbuiltin1980.Thisisthebridge_______in1980.*Thisisthebridgewhichisbeingbuiltnow.Thisisthebridge________________now.*Thisisthebridgewhichwillbebuiltnextmonth.Thisisthebridge______________nextmonth.*Doyouknowthegirlwhoisstandingunderthetree?Doyouknowthegirl___________underthetree?*Doyouknowthewomanwhohasababyinherarms?Doyouknowthewoman______________ababyinherarms?builtbeingbuilttobebuiltstandingwith/carrying9.TheUsesof“AS”:(especiallyusedasarelativepronoun)a).*Thisroomisaslargeasthatone.(1.adv.2.conj.)JiaSixieisconsideredasoneofthegreatestpioneersoffarminginChinaaswellasintheworld.(prep.)(regard/see/view/take/consider/treat/thinkof/lookon)*thesame/such/so/as+as:(rel.pro.)Ihavethesameopinionasyou(have).Suchfilmstarsasyoumentionedareverypopular.Thisissuchanimportantmeetingasyoushouldattend.Thisissoimportantameetingasyoushouldattend.EgyptisasoldacountryasChina(is).Pleasecomeasoftenas(is)possible.Heshowsareadinesstoworkashardas(is)necessaryatanytime.b).*asyouknow/see/describe/mention/talkabout/imagine/expect/findout/discuss/…e.g.:Asweknow,paperwasinventedbytheChinesefirst