定语从句主谓一致

1.Thescienceofmedicine,__________progresshasbeenveryrapidlately,isperhapsthemostimportantofallthescience.A.towhichB.inwhichC.whichD.withwhich2.Isentinvitationto80people,__________havereplied.A.ofwhomonly20oftheseB.only20ofthesewhoC.ofwhomonly20D.only20who3.Itwasthetrainingthathehadasayoungman__________madehimsuchagoodengineer.A.thatB.hasC.whatD.later4.Thistestisforstudents__________nativelanguageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.whoseC.ofwhomD.which5.Daviddidn’tbehavehimselfattheparty,__________madehisparentsashamed.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what6.Themostimportantreason__________lifecanexistontheearthisitsatmosphere.A.thatB.ofwhyC.bywhichD.forwhich7.Itmakesmesicktheway__________sheisalwayscomplaining.A./B.howC.ofwhichD.where8.__________mentionedabove,theatmospheremainlyconsistsofnitrogenandoxygen.A.AswasB.AsitwasC.WhatwasD.Itwas9.Thisisthehouse__________thegreatmusicianwasborn.A.whenB.inwhichC.inwhereD.atwhich10.Isthisthenewfilm__________youhavetalkedsomuch?A.whichB.aboutwhichC.aboutthatD.what11.Thecamera__________ItookalotofgoodphotographsismadeinChina.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.withwhich12.February,29,1990,wastheday__________I’llalwaysremember.A.whenB.onthatC.onwhichD.that13．Mr.Smithwillneverforgetthedays____hespentwithhisstudents.A.whenB.whichC.duringwhichD.onwhich14．Thegirl___________wemetinthestreetisafilmstar,_________playedtheleadingroleinthefilm__________wesawyesterday.A.whom…that…whichB.that…that…/C./…who…/D.that…that…that15.ItisthethirdtimethatI__________here.A.hadbeenB.wasC.havebeenD.willbe16.Haveyoumadethesamesentence__________Iwroteontheblackboardthismorning?A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as17.__________wasexpected,hefailedintheexam.A.ThatB.AsC.WhichD.It18.Thereason__________hewaslateforschoolwas__________hehadtosendhismothertoahospital.A.that;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because主谓一致一：语法规则主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系。I、语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。Eachboyhashisownbook.Fewstudentsarereallylazy.II、意义上一致有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。（1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。Thepolicearesearchinginthecityforthemurderer.单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、cattle、militia（民兵）,vermin（害虫）等。（2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。Thenewsisveryexciting.III、就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如果连词or、either…or、neither…nor、notonly…butalso，not…but,whether…or…等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。ItisnotIbutyouwhowerethefirsttoruntothegoalintherace.如果一个句子由there、here引起，而主语又不止一个，谓语动词常也和临近的那个主语一致。1．以集体名词做主语的主谓一致问题⑴既可以作复数也可以作单数的集体名词某些集体名词如family、team，audience、class，club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、government、group、party、public、等。等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数，反之用复数。MyfamilyislivinginShanghai.ThewholefamilyarewatchingTV.Population也适用于这种情况，强调整体用单数，强调各个部分用复数。⑵通常只用复数的集体名词某些集体名词如people、police、cattle、poultry(家禽)只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。3．以-s结尾的词⑴以ics结尾的学科名称physics、politics、economics,mathematics,mechanics,optics,acoustics,statistics,linguistics,athletics等,谓语动词通常用作单数。⑵单复数同行的单词有works（工厂）、means、series，species,headquarters（总部）,crossroads（十字路口），随后的谓语动词的单复数形式取决于这些名词是用作单数还是复数。但如果主语用akindof、apairof、aseriesof等单位词修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。Apairofshoes________onthedesk.用and或both…and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。Truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy.Toloveandtobelovedisthegreathappiness.Aknifeandforkisonthetable.ThepianistandwriterisgoingtomakeatourofShanghai.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.当and连接的并列名词词组带有each,every,no,manya,morethanone等限定词时，谓语动词常用单数。Manyamanandwomaninthiscommunityfindshimselforherselfinneed.当主语后面跟有aswellas、asmuchas、nolessthan、alongwith、with、like、ratherthan、morethan、togetherwith、but、except、besides、including、inadditionto,等引导的词组时，采取“就远原则”。即主语为单数，谓语动词也要用单数形式。Someoftheworkersasmuchasthemanagerwereresponsiblefortheloss..以表示数量概念的名词词组作为主语⑴以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语①当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。但有时可看作组成的个体，则动词用复数形式。Fiveminutesisenoughtofinishthetask.Thereweresixsilverdollarsineachofthestockings.②“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语+名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。如：③onein/oneoutof+复数名词，谓语动词用单数。Oneintenstudentshasfailedtheexam.但表示数量的oneandahalf后名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.⑵以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语①all作主语，若表示人或动物用复数，若表示事物，谓语动词用单数。Allarepresenthere.Allarequitewell.Allhasbeendonetosavetheboy.如果主语是由agreat/large/goodnumberof+名词复数，谓语动词用复数，如果主语是由thenumberof+名词复数构成，谓语动词用单数。从句作主语。①由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。不定式、名动词（短语）作主语用单数形式Whatweneedismoremoney.Whatweneedaremorepeople/teachers.②在“oneof+复数名词+who/that/which”引导的从句结构中，关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one，因此从句中的谓语动词也应该是复数形式。如one前有theonly则用单数形式。Thisisoneofthemostinterestingstoriesthathavebeentoldbymyfather.She_________theonlyoneofthegirlswho_________lateforclasstoday.二：例题解析1．TheOlympicGamesintheyear2008______inBeijingofChina,which______knowntousall.A.istohold;isB.istobeheld;wasC.aretohold;isD.aretobeheld;is解析：选D.主语theOlympicGames意为：奥运会，谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式；后半部分为which引导的非限制情定语从句，其谓语动词要用单数形式。2．Eitheryouorthepresident_______theprizestothesegiftedwinnersatthemeeting.A.ishandingoutB.aretohandoutC.arehandingoutD.istohandout解析：选D.当eit