环境科学与工程专业英语教学课件(2)：英文科技论文结构与表达技巧

3/3/2020Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity1EnglishScientificPaperPart1:TheformationofapaperPart2:ThedescriptionforeachsectionPart3:WritingscientificEnglish–somehints3/3/20202Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversityPart1:Theformationofapaper(foraresearchpaper)Section1:Title（题目）Section2:Authors（作者）Section3:Abstract（摘要）Section4:Keywords（关键词）Section5:Introduction（引言）Section6:MaterialsandMethods（材料与方法）Section7:Results（结果）Section8:Discussion（讨论）Section9:Acknowledgements（致谢）Section10:References（参考文献）3/3/20203Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversitySamplePaper(astandardresearchpaper)题目作者地址收稿与接受时间3/3/20204Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity摘要关键词3/3/20205Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity电子文献数据库中的论文提纲3/3/20206Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity3/3/20207Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity3/3/20208Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity3/3/20209Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity3/3/202010Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity3/3/202011Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity3/3/202012Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversityPart2:ThedescriptionforeachsectionSection1:TitleRequirements:concise,striking,reflectionofthepapercore,ifnecessary,subheadingmightbeadded.☺Checkstylesinthejournal,usingsomepublishedpapersasexamples.Someoptions:A.‘Descriptions’,e.g.‘EstimationofphosphorusfertilizerrequirementsofwheatinsouthernAustralia’.Descriptionstobeavoided:‘Effectsof….’e.g.‘Effectsofappliedcalciumonsalinitytoleranceofwheat’-very‘general’&giveslittleinformation!B.‘Statements’,e.g.‘Appliedcalciumcanimprovesalinitytoleranceoffield-grownwheat’.3/3/202013Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversityC.Two-partdescriptionsorstatements,e.g.‘Ectomycorrhizas(内生菌根)oftheMyrtaceae:fungalfruit-bodyproductioninforestplantationsinsouthernChina’.Tobeavoided:‘EctomycorrhizasoftheMyrtaceae.1:Fungalfruit-bodyproduction’…etc[Part2mayneverappear]D.‘Questions’,e.g.‘Doesappliedcalciumimprovesalinitytoleranceoffield-grownwheat?’[Canbeusedifpreviousliteratureisinconclusiveorcontroversial]3/3/202014Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversityNotesforTitle:1Itshouldcoverthemainaimsand/ormessage2Itshouldappealtoyouraudience3Itshouldnotbetoolong,cannotexceedacertainnumberofcharacters4Avoidtitleswithanumberedsubtitle3/3/202015Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversitySection2:AuthorsSingleauthororcoauthorDetailedcommunicationaddressforallauthor:fromsmalltolarge:e.g.CollegeofBiologyandEnvironmentalScience,JishouUniversity,Jishou,416000Hunan,PRChina.Labeledasletter‘a,b,c,…’forauthorsfromdifferentorganizationsCorrespondingauthor:labeledasasterisk‘*’Ifyouhavemoved,alsoadd“presentaddress”3/3/202016Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversityWhatistheorderoftheauthorsofyourpaper?Thepersonwhodidtheworkandwrotethemanuscriptshouldbefirst(=senior)authorCorrespondingauthoristheonethatwillbethecontactforthejournalandcorrespondencethatmayfollowafterpublicationSeniorauthorandcorrespondingauthorcanbethesameTheresearch-teamleaderappearsasthelastauthor3/3/202017Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversitySection3:AbstractTheabstractisactuallythefirstsectionofareportorpaper,comingafterthetitleandbeforetheintroduction.Theabstractisadistillationofapaper,itaimstobrieflyelucidatethestudypurpose,experimentalmethodsandresults,andtodrawaconclusionorgivesomehypothesisandrecommendations.Inaword,theabstractprovidesthereaderwithabriefpreview(简短的预览)ofyourstudy.Abstractsfromalmostallfieldsofstudyarewritteninaverysimilarway.Thetypesofinformationincludedandtheirorderareveryconventional.3/3/202018Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversitySomebackgroundinformationThepurposeoractivityofyourstudyThemethodologyusedTheprincipalresultsConclusionorrecommendationorhypothesisOrderofTypicalElementsIncludedinanAbstract3/3/202019Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversityNotesforAbstract:1Checkthestylerequiredbythejournal2Abstractsareusuallywrittentobeasbriefandconciseaspossible.Forjournalarticlestheeditoroftenestablishesawordlimitfortheabstractthatauthorscannotexceed.Inordertoshortenanabstracttosatisfysuchlimitations,youcaneliminateorcombinemuchoftheinformationshowninthepreviousbox.3Donotusereferencesinthispart3/3/202020Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversityNotesforAbstract:4Thereducedabstracttypicallyfocusesononlytwoorthreeelements,withtheemphasisplacedontheresultsofthestudy.Informationconcerningthepurposeandmethodispresentedfirst(backgroundinformationisnotincluded).5Thenthemostimportantresultsaresummarized.Finally,conclusionsandrecommendationsmaybeincludedinoneortwosentences.6Theverbtensesusedintheabstractshouldbethepasttense,exceptfortheconclusioninwhichthepresentorpasttensecanbeused.3/3/202021Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversitySampleAbstractResource:CeciliaBergetal.,Theavianeggasatestsystemforendocrinedisrupters:effectsofdiethylstilbestrol(Des,二乙基已烯雌酚)andethynylestradiol(EE2,乙炔基雌二醇)onsexorgandevelopment.TheScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,1999,233,57-66.3/3/202022Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversitySection4:Keywords—Itmayincludeexperimentalsubjects,andprincipaltermsofmeasurements.Requirements:1Choosealimitednumberofkeywordsthatadequatelycoveryourresearch,usuallyabout5,canbeaddedafteryouhavewrittenthepaper2Noneedtorepeatwordsorphrasesinthetitle,unlessyouliketobeabsolutely‘safe’[computersearchenginesshouldfindkeywordsintitles]3/3/202023Dr.TaowuMaJishouUniversity3Keywordsmus