牛津译林M1 M 2 语法复习

高一英语1,2模块语法复习主：who,that时间：when=介词+which宾：（whothatwhom）状语地点：where=介词+which定：whose原因：why=for+which主：which，that宾：（which，that）定语从句关系词的确定：根据定从中缺的成分，再结合先行词。Fillintheblankswiththerelativeadverbsorrelativepronouns.1.Istillrememberthedays________westayedtogetherinBeijing.2.Istillrememberthedays________wespenttogetherinBeijing.3.Istillrememberthedays________weenjoyedourselvesinBeijing.4.Istillrememberthedays________weenjoyedinBeijing.5.Thatbluehouseistheplace________Ilivedyesterday.6.Thatbluehouseistheplace________Ivisitedyesterday.7.Thatbluehouseistheplace________Ipaidavisityesterday.8.Thatbluehouseistheplace________Ipaidavisittoyesterday.9.Doyouknowthereason________hetoldmethenewslastweek?10.Doyouknowthereason________hetoldmelastweek?11.Doyouknowthereason________hewaslatethismorning?12.Doyouknowthereason________hewaslateforthismorning?定从中介词的确定：看定语从句和先行词的搭配。（谓语v，表语，主语与先行词的搭配）1.Thiswastheknife_________hecutdownthetree.2.Tomistheperson_________IoftenturnforhelpwhenIamintrouble.3.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Heistheperson_______Iwillbuyagift.4.We’llvisitthebeautifulvillage_________Marycomes.5.Thehouse_________weliveisnotlarge.6.Manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweightatall,arealwaysgoingonadiet.7.Iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises,allofwhicharequitehelpfultomyhealth.限制性定从中4种情况只用that，不用which。1.先行词为不定代词everything，something,nothing,anything或由few,little，much，all，only,thevery等修饰时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。2.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用关系代词that引导定语从句。3.先行词同时指人和物时，用that。4.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时用that。1.Everything______yousaidistrue.2.Whichisthebook_____youwant?3.Whoisthegirl______sitsthere.4.All_____hesaidistrue.5.All_____issaidbyhimistrue.6.Thatisthelastlesson_____Igaveyou.7.Istillremembertheschoolsandboys______Imetthere.8.Whichisthebook_____youwant?9.Suchboys___youmentionedarewell.10.Itissodifficultaproblem___noonecanworkout.11.Itissodifficultaproblem_____noonecanworkitout.18.Sheworethesamehat____youworeyesterday.19.Youhavemadethesamemistake_____youmadelasttime.1、非限制性定语从句的关系代词which，既可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整句的含义。1.Iboughtacaryesterday,______costmealotofmoney.2.Thisnovel,______Ihavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.先行词作介词的宾语时：先行词指人，介词提前的结构是：介词+whom先行词指物，介词提前的结构是：介词+whichThegirl,___________heisfamiliar,isafootballplayer。TheSecondWorldWar，_________millionsofpeoplewerekilled,endedin1945.2.非限制性定语从句中的一些问题：指物时，用which而不用that；指人时主格用who，宾格用whom，物主格用whose（也可指物）；另外关系副词when（指时间），where（指地点）也可以引导非限制性定语从句;关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句；介词加关系代词常常可以引导非限制性定语从句。Correctthemistakesifany.1.Apples,thataregoodorpeople’shealth,shouldbeeateneveryday.2.PeoplewereexcitedtomeetYangLiwei，hewasthefirstChinesetotravelinspace.3.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,whichpricewasveryreasonable.4.Mymotheroftengoestogym,theresheworksouttokeepfit.5.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss，whichcameasasurprise.6.HewillcometoseemenextJuly,whenhewon’tbesobusy.7.Iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises,allofthemarequitehelpfultomyhealth.8.Thereare65studentsinourclass,only20ofthemareboys.9.Weknowdifferenttypesofsports,allofthemarequitehelpfultoourhealth.10.Manystudentsinthisschool,someofwhicharenotoverweight,aregoingondiets.11.Thereare65studentsinmyclass.MostofwhomcomefromYiyang.12.Ihavemanyfriendsinthistown,someofthemarebusinessman.现在完成时一.影响性用法(已完成用法)动词常为瞬间性动词，表示过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生的结果或影响，常和just(刚刚),already(肯定句：已经),yet(一般疑问：已经；否定句：还),now连用。1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_______(arrive)yet?3.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.4.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.二持续性用法（未完成用法）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态。常与表一段时间的状语连用.(动词常为持续性动词)sincetwodaysago/1990(具体的时间),since,eversince;(一段时间)allday,alltheyear,allone’slife;foralongtime/twodays,forages(迄今为止):sofar,upto/tillnow,till(until)now(最近的过去)inthepast/lastfewdays,duringthelasttwoweeks,lately,recently,thesedays等1.Daniel__________(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina.2.Theoldman_____________（已经死了）fortwoyears.三经历性用法表示过去至今的经历，一般译为汉语“过”，常和never,ever,once，twice,threetimes和before等连用。1.IhavebeentotheSummerPalacetwice.2.Wehavevisitedyourschoolbefore.____itever______(snow)inHongKong?No,Ithinkit_____never_______(snow)there.区分短暂性动词与持续性动词.表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.即for,since短语或howlong问句(常用相应的延续性动词have,keep,be..等来代替非延续性动词)Correctthemistakesifany.Ihaveboughtthispenfortwomonths.Theplayhasbegunforanhour.Tomhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.Thedoghasdiedforamonth.Ihavecomehereforfortydays.常用现在完成时的结构1)Ithasbeen/is+aperiodoftime+since-clause.2)This(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that-clause(现在完成时).3)This(That/It)istheonly…+that-clause(现在完成时).4)This(That/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting…+that-clause(现在完成时).现在完成进行时1.表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，这动作还在进行，并且还将持续下去。Ihave’tbeensleepingwellsinceIreturnhome.2.动作刚刚结束，但和现在有某种联系。（有时表示根据直接或间接的证据得出的结论，一般通过上下文的语境进行判断。）Sheisverytired.She’sbeentypinglettersallday.比较：1.现在完成时的已完成用法强调动作的完成现在完成进行时表示未完成。2.现在完成时的感情色彩不浓，现在完成进行时带有较为强烈的感情色彩Whathaveyoudone?Whathaveyoubeendoing?下面三种情况一般不用现在完成进行时：1.）时间状语是ever,never,already,yet,once,twice(具体次数和具体数字)由howmany,howmuch引出的疑问句。2.）谓语动词为瞬间动词，不用现在完成进行时。如：finish，become3.）谓语动词为状态动词。(Have,know,seem,believe,want,contain,include,seat)1.Thetelephone_