基于ZigBee的火灾报警系统设计-末期论文

摘要I摘要随着经济的发展，高层建筑、地下建筑以及大型综合性建筑日益增多,火灾隐患也随之增加，火灾发生的数量及其造成的损失都呈逐年上升趋势，因此，火灾报警系统成为保障人生命财产安全的重要因素。而目前我国的火灾报警系统主要是总线型报警系统，由于外界环境因素的影响不可避免的会存在一定的误报率和漏报率，而且安装和维修成本很高。伴随着ZigBee技术的出现和发展，它使无线型火灾报警系统成为了可能，基于网络化的火灾报警系统具有成本低、安装方便、稳定性高的特点。ZigBee具有短时延和数据传输可靠的独特优势，它更适合于火灾报警系统中。本设计以CC2530为核心控制芯片，采用Z-Stack协议栈作为协议平台，组成一个小型的ZigBee网络，系统由一个协调器设备和一个终端设备组成一个小型网络。终端设备作为传感器节点采集温度、烟雾数据，将终端设备放在室内的不同地方，将采集到的数据无线传输到协调器节点，通过串口将各个传感器节点的信息传输到上位机，上位机用LabVIEW软件编写，完成数据的显示和储存，基本上实现了家庭火灾报警系统所应有的功能。关键词ZigBee；火灾报警；CC2530；Z-Stack协议栈；LabVIEW燕山大学本科生毕业设计（论文）IIAbstractWiththedevelopmentofeconomy,high-risebuildings,undergroundstructuresandincreasinglylargecomprehensivebuildings,thefirehazardalsowillincrease,thenumberoffiresandthedamagecausedbyrisingtrendyearbyyear,asaresult,firealarmsystembecometheimportantfactorofpeoplelifeandpropertysecurity.Andfirealarmsysteminourcountryatpresentismainlyformalarmsystem,becauseoftheinfluenceoftheexternalenvironmentfactors,thereareinevitablysomenon-responseratesandtherateoffalsepositives,andinstallationandmaintenancecostisveryhigh.AccompaniedbytheemergenceanddevelopmentofZigBeetechnology,itmakesnolinearfirealarmsystem,firealarmsystembasedonnetworkhascharacteristicsoflowcost,easyinstallation,highstability.ZigBeehastheuniqueadvantagesofshorttimedelayanddatatransmissionisreliable,itismoresuitableforfirealarmsystem.CC2530thisdesignasthecorecontrolchip,usingZ-StackprotocolStackasdealplatform,formingasmallZigBeenetworkandsystemconsistsofacoordinatorandaterminalequipmentofasmallnetwork.Terminalequipmentasthedatacollectiontemperature,smokesensornode,terminalequipmentindifferentpartsoftheinterior,thecollecteddatawirelesstransmissiontothecoordinatornode,throughaserialporttotransmitinformationofeachsensornodetoPC,PCwritteninLabVIEWsoftware,completethedatadisplayandstorage,basicallyrealizedthefunctionoffirealarmsystemofthefamilyshouldhave.KeywordsZigBee;Firealarm;CC2530;Z-StackprotocolStack;LabVIEW目录III目录摘要................................................................................................................IAbstract.........................................................................................................II目录.............................................................................................................III第1章绪论.................................................................................................11.1研究背景和意义............................................................................11.2火灾报警系统发展过程................................................................11.3火灾报警系统国内外现状............................................................21.4本文章节安排................................................................................3第2章ZigBee技术概述............................................................................52.1ZigBee技术的起源......................................................................52.2ZigBee技术的特点......................................................................52.3ZigBee协议规范..........................................................................72.4ZigBee技术的拓扑结构和设备类型.........................................112.5本章小结......................................................................................13第3章总体设计方案...............................................................................143.1火灾报警系统的功能..................................................................143.2火灾报警系统整体设计方案......................................................153.2.1传感器节点设计..............................................................163.2.2协调器节点设计..............................................................173.2.3上位机系统设计..............................................................183.3本章小结......................................................................................18第4章系统硬件设计及分析...................................................................194.1烟雾传感器电路设计..................................................................194.2温度传感器电路设计..................................................................214.3CC2530最简系统设计..............................................................224.3.1CPU和内存.......................................................................244.3.2外设，时钟和电源管理相关模块..................................24燕山大学本科生毕业设计（论文）IV4.3.3无线设备..........................................................................244.3.4CC2530最简系统.............................................................254.4电源供电电路..............................................................................264.5串口通信电路..............................................................................264.6本章小结......................................................................................27第5章系统软件设计及分析...................................................................285.1Z-Stack协议栈介绍...................................................................285.2IAR软件操作............................................................................305.3协调器节点软件设计...........................................................