牛津深圳版八年级下unit1-知识点与练习

知识讲解考点11.permissionn.准许/批准（不可数名词）Jimtookthelaptopwithout____________________.杰姆未经同意擅自拿走了手提电脑。拓展：____________v.允许；准许；使有可能askpermissiontodosth征得同意做某事askpermission报请批准permitsbtodo允许某人做……2.raisevt.筹募、增加、提高raisemoneyfor…为……筹钱Theyareraisingmoneyforthepeoplewholosthomesintheearthquake.他们正在为那些在地震中失去家园的人筹钱。3.sick和ill的区别sick作表语生病的，恶心的Sheisill/sickinbed.她卧病在床。Thesmellmakesmesick.这气味使我感到恶心。作定语生病的Sheislookingafterhersickfather.她在照顾她生病的父亲。ill作表语生病的Sheisill/sickinbed.她卧病在床。作定语坏的，邪恶的Heisanillman.他是一个邪恶的人。4.offer主动提出offersbsth=offersthtosb给某人提供某物She________some________onkeepingfit.她提出了一些有关保持健康的建议。5.sufferv受苦；受折磨sufferfrom（因……）痛苦、苦恼，其后常接表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿、悲伤等的词语，无被动语态。Manyteenagersare______________thecomputergames.6.lonely与alone的区分lonely：是一种精神状态alone：是一种事实上的状态Shelives_________andoftenfeels_________.7.takephotosof给……拍照takephotos拍照Tonyenjoystakingphotos.Hisuncletooklotsofphotosofanimalsindanger.拓展：makefriendswith和……交朋友exchangeseats交换座位shakehandswith与……握手taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事joinhandswith与……联系/合作8.helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事=helpsb.withsth.Heoftenhelpsme(to)studyEnglish.=HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.拓展：helponeselftosth.随便吃某物Helpyourselftosomefish,children.can’thelpdoing…禁不住做……Shecan’thelplaughing.9.spendvt,度过，消磨Hespenthisholidayinthecountrywithhisgirlfriend.复习：话费Howmuchmoneydoyouspendeachweek?常见搭配sb.+spend(s)+money/time+(in)doingsth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事sb.+spend(s)+money/time+onsth.某人在某事、某物上花费金钱/时间TheyspendalotoftimewatchingTVeveryday.Hedoesn’tspendalotofmoneyonfood.人+spend(s)+钱/时间+（in）doingsth./onsth.10.dievi.死第三人称单数：dies过去式：died现在分词：dying形容词：dead名词：death注意：die为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以转换成bedead.Hedied3yearsago.Hehasbeendeadfor3years.11.need1实义动词，意为“需要”+名词、代词或不定式Theydon’tneedanyhelp.他们不需要任何帮助。Heneedstohaveagoodrest.2情态动词，没有人称和数的变化+动词原形，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。Youneedn’tbecomeverynevous.MustIbringmyhomeworknow?No,youneedn’t.Youcanbringittomorrow.注意：need后接动词-ing时表示被动意义。Theseflowersneedwatering.12.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难Ihavesomedifficulty(in)workingoutthemathsproblems.我算出算些数学问题有困难havetrouble(in)doingsth做某事有麻烦haveproblems(in)doingsth做某事有问题havefun(in)doingsth做某事有乐趣13.hurt1.vt.伤害Youshouldn’thurtit.2.vi.(身体部位)疼痛MystomachhurtsbecauseIhaveeatentoomanyapples.3.n.伤痛，伤害，创伤Imeannohurttoherfeeling.14.hopevt.希望+todo/that-clauseIhopetoseeyousoon.Wehopethatwecouldbebackbeforedinner.hope与wish的区别相同点不同点表示“想，希望”，宾语可为todo,不能为doinghopewish1、+复合宾语，即wishsb.todosth.hope+that-clause,表示容易实现的愿望wish+that-clause表示不容易实现的愿望，且从句中谓语用虚拟语气在简略回答中，Ihopeso/not.+双宾语，表祝愿沙场练兵：1)I________tovisitGuilin.2)I________youtogo.3)I_______you’llbebettersoon.4)I________Iweretenyearsyounger.5)I_________youahappyNewYear!6)–Tomorrowit’llbesunny,won’tit?-I_______so.考点21.（1）+todo（宾语）want(想)agree(同意)offer(提供)promise(承诺)plan(计划)decide(决定)pretend(假装)try(努力)wish/hope(希望)fail(失败)【记忆】某人想同意提供承诺计划，但却决定假装努力，所以他的希望失败了！（2）+sbtodo(宾补)want(想)force/get(使)tell/ask/order(叫/命令),remind(提醒)advise(建议)encourage(鼓励)persuade(说服),【记忆】（想死叫命令）想使，叫命令；提醒建议，鼓励说服2.注意：动词不定式符号“to”的省略的情况：(1)在使役动词have,let,make之后。(2)在感官动词feel,hear,see,watch,notice,observe,listento,lookat之后。(3)在why和whynot之后。(4)在其他结构之中。如：hadbetterdosth.wouldratherdosth.helpsb.(to)dosth.help(to)dosth.等。三、课堂运用Choices：()1.Myparentsagree__________ustothecinema.A.withB.totakeC.ontotakeD.taking()2.Try__________worried!A.tonottobeB.nottobeC.notbeD.tobenot()3.Thesunanditsplanets__________thesolarsystem.A.iscalledB.callC.arecalledD.calls()4.Theoldmanlives__________butheisn’t__________atall.A.alone;lonelyB.lonely;aloneC.alone;aloneD.lonely;lonely()5.Thisfamouspainting___________himalotofmoney.A.paidB.costC.spentD.pays()6.TodayMary___________anewdress.Howbeautiful!A.iswearingB.ishavingonC.isputtingon()7.Theroomis___________audience.Thespeechisstartingsoon.A.filledofB.fullofC.fullwith()8.Myfatheroftensleepswiththewindows__________.A.openedB.openingC.open()9.Thestudent__________Jackiswaitingforyou.A.callingB.callsC.called()10.Herparentsdiedintheearthquake,___________heranorphan（孤儿）.A.toleaveB.leftC.leaving()11.—Is___________here?—No,LiLeiandHanMeihaveaskedforleave（请假了）.A.everybodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.nobody()12.Themanasked“Doyouhave___________tosay?”A.anythingimportantB.importantsomethingC.somethingimportantD.importantanything()14.“Don’talwaysmakeMichael________thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear,”MrBrushsaidtohiswife.A.doB.todoC.doesD.did()15.Themeetingroomisbigenough____onehundredpeople.A.holdingB.holdC.toholdD.holds()16.Wouldyoupleasepassmetheknife____?A.tocutthewatermelonwithB.tocutthewatermelonC.cuttingthewatermelonD.cuttingthewatermelonwith()17.Itisbettertoteachamantofishthan_______himfish.A.givingB.togiveC.givesD.gave()18.Jennyisinterestedin____inherfreetime.A.listenedtotheradioB.readingmagazinesC.watchTVD.playstennis()19.Thepolicemanwarnedtheyoungman____afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive()20.Whatdoyouthinkisthebestway____thewildanimals?A.protectingB.toprotectC.protectedD.protect()21.I’drather_______ontheland_______inafactory.A.work;thanworkB.work;workC.towork;thantoworkD.towork;towork()22.Mygrandfatherisused_______ahatinwinter.A.towearB.forwe