日本专利审查指南

iPartI:DESCRIPTIONANDCLAIMSChapter1RequirementsforDescriptionsandClaims1.SignificanceofDescriptionandClaims......................................................12.DescriptionRequirementsoftheClaims..................................................12.1PatentActArticle36(5).....................................................12.2PatentActArticle36(6).....................................................22.2.1PatentActArticle36(6)(i).....................................................22.2.1.1TypicalExamplesofViolationofArticle36(6)(i).....................................32.2.2PatentActArticle36(6)(ii)....................................................52.2.2.1TypicalExamplesofViolationofArticle36(6)(ii)...................................82.2.2.2OtherMatterstobeNoted.................................................162.2.3PatentActArticle36(6)(iii).................................................162.2.3.1TypicalExamplesofViolationofArticle36(6)(iii).................................162.2.4PatentActArticle36(6)(iv).................................................172.2.4.1TypicalExamplesofViolationofArticle36(6)(iv)..................................172.2.4.2DescriptiveFormofClaims-IndependentFormandDependentForm-..................................182.2.5NoticeofReasonforRefusalonViolationofArticle36(6)..............................203.DescriptionRequirementsoftheDetailedDescriptionoftheInvention..............213.1PatentActArticle36(4)(i).................................................213.2EnablementRequirements.................................................213.2.1PracticesinEnablementRequirements.................................................223.2.2TypesofViolationofEnablementRequirements.........................................263.2.2.1ImproperDescriptionofModesforCarryingOuttheInvention..................263.2.2.2PartofClaimnotSupportedbytheModeforCarryingOuttheInvention.........................................273.2.3NoticeofReasonforRefusalonViolationofEnablementRequirements............293.3MinisterialOrdinanceRequirements..................................................293.3.1MinisterialOrdinanceunderArticle36(4).................................................293.3.2PracticalApplicationofMinisterialOrdinanceRequirements............................303.3.3NoticeofReasonforRefusalonViolationofMinisterialOrdinanceRequirements...................................334.ImproperDescriptionsoftheSpecificationinGeneral....................................345.Examples(tobeprepared)Note:Whenanyambiguityofinterpretationisfoundinthisprovisionaltranslation,theJapanesetextshallprevail.(October2003)1Chapter1RequirementsforDescriptionandClaims1.SignificanceoftheDescriptionandClaimsThepurposeofPatentSystemistoencourageinventionsbypromotingtheirprotectionandutilizationsoastocontributetothedevelopmentofindustry(PatentActArticle1).ThePatentSystempromotesprotectionofinventionsbygrantingapatentrightorexclusiverightundercertainconditionsforacertainperiodoftimetothosewhohavedevelopedanddisclosednewtechnology,whileitgivesthepublicanopportunitytogainaccesstotheinventionbydisclosingtechnicaldetailsoftheinvention.Theprotectionandutilizationofaninventionasdescribedabovearepromotedthroughapatentspecificationanddrawingswhichservebothasatechnicaldocumentdisclosingtechnicaldetailsofaninventionandasadocumentoftitledefiningthetechnicalscopeofapatentedinventionaccurately.Requirementsfordescriptionofthe“detaileddescriptionoftheinvention”inaspecificationareprovidedunderPatentActArticle36(4),andrequirementsfordescriptionoftheclaimsareprovidedunderPatentActArticle36(5)and(6).Onlyaspecificationthatmeetstheserequirementsservesbothasatechnicaldocumentandasadocumentoftitle.2.DescriptionRequirementsoftheClaimsThedescriptionrequirementsoftheclaimshaveimportantsignificanceinthatthetechnicalscopeofthepatentedinventionisdeterminedonthebasisofthestatementsoftheclaim.Whentheclaimsdonotsatisfythedescriptionrequirementsoftheclaims,notonlythethirdpartymaybeundulyrestrictedbythepatentright,buttherightholderhimself/herselfalsohastobeinvolvedinunnecessarydisputes.Therefore,thispointshouldbefullytakenintoaccountinexaminingwhetherornotthedescriptionrequirementsoftheclaimsarecompliedwith.2.1PatentActArticle36(5)PatentActArticle36(5)Thescopeofclaimsasprovidedinparagraph(2)shallstateaclaimorclaimsandstateforeachclaimallmattersnecessarytospecifytheinventionforwhichtheapplicantrequeststhegrantofapatent.Insuchcase,aninventionspecifiedbyastatementinoneclaimmaybethesameinventionspecifiedbyastatementinanotherclaim.(1)ThefirstsentenceofArticle36(5),therefore,providesthatmatterswhichtheapplicantdeemsnecessarytodefinetheinventionforwhichapatentissoughtshouldbestatedintheclaimwithoutexcessorshortage,sothathe/sheneitherstatesunnecessarymattersnoromitsnecessarymatters.Sinceitistheapplicantwhodeterminesforwhatinventiontoseekapatent,thisArticlesetsforththattheapplicantshallstateintheclaimallmatterstheapplicanthimself/herselfdeemsnecessarytodefinetheinventionforwhichapatentissought.Thes