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1989年05月语法题1.Thedifferencebetweenlibelandslanderisthatlibelisprintedwhile__________.(A)spokenisslander(B)isspokenslander(C)slanderisspoken(D)isslanderspoken答案:C测试点:词序/主谓结构。分析:连词while后连接句子,两边是对比关系,同句式、同结构。本句while前的libelisprinted为“主系表”结构,应在答案中寻找相同的结构,即(C)。2.Greatnumbersoftinyshelledanimals—ontheoceanfloor.(A)Live(B)Living(C)Theywilllive(D)Iftheylived答案:A测试点;谓语。分析:空格前是名词性成份,作句子主语,应在答案中选择谓语动词,即(A)。(B)不能单独作谓语;(C)重复了主语,(D)是从句。3.Thekneeisthejoint__________thethighbonemeetsthelargeboneofthelowerleg.(A)when(B)where(C)why(D)which答案:B测试点;从句连接词。分析:空格前的joint表示地点,定语从句的连接词应当用指示地点的where。(A)指时间;(C)指原因;(D)指事物;且与从句中的主语thethighbone重复。4.Closedplanefigureslikethesquareortheequilateraltrianglecanbegroupedintoaclass__________polygons.(A)called(B)tocall(C)iscalled(D)callas答案:A测试点;分词短语作后置定语。分析:横线前的class是名词,其后的部分应是它的定语。这个定语要么是从句,要么是短语。4个答案中无完整的从句,只有(A)是过去分词,可与横线后的polygons组成短语,故选(A)。(C)如加上关系代词which或that则亦为正确。(B)tocall应为被动语态(tobecalled),这种结构通常省掉tobe,成为(A)的形式。解题要点:分词短语作后置定语是TOEFL考题中反复出现的题型。它实际上等于系词(be)结构的定语从句省去which/that+be部分,只保留分词及其后成份。5.Acidsarechemicalcompoundsthat,inwatersolution,have__________,acorrosiveactiononmetals,andtheabilitytoturncertainbluevegetabledyesred.(A)tastessharp(B)sharp-tasting(C)asharptaste(D)tastingsharp答案:C测试点;宾语。分析:动词have要求名词性的成份作它的宾语,应在答案中选择名词或名词词组,即(C)。(A)是系表结构;(B)是形容词;(D)是分词短语。6.__________thehistoryofthetough,strong-willedNebraskafarmer.(A)NotonlyismuchofthehistoryofNebraska(B)AlthoughitismuchofthehistoryofNebraskathatis(C)ItismuchthehistoryofNebraska'sbeing(D)MuchofthehistoryofNebraskais答案:D测试点:主谓结构。分析:空格后只剩下名词性的成份,说明句子缺少主语和谓语动词,应在答案中寻找主语+动词的形式,即(D),much为名词。7.BillieHoliday'sreputationasagreatjazz-bluessingerrestsonherability__________emotionaldepthtohersongs.(A)begiving(B)aregiven(C)beinggiven(D)togive答案:D测试点;不定式/习语。分析:空格及其后部分是名词ability的定语,应在答案中选择可做后置定语的不定式形式,即(D)。(A)、(B)是谓语动词形式,不能作定语。(C)分词虽可作定语,但用了被动态,与句意不合。解题要点:与beabletodosth.一样,abilitytodosth也是固定结构。请务必记住这两个句式。8.__________1895didCornellUniversitybegintoofferadegreeinornithology.(A)Notuntil(B)Notsince(C)Until(D)In答案:A测试点:倒装句。分析:看到did出现在主语前,知道句子用了倒装,时间状语…1895提前。应在答案中选择用于倒装句的短语,即Notuntil…。(B)Notsince用于完成时态,而本句为过去时;(C)、(D)不适于倒装句。解题要点;Notuntil十倒装句是TOEFL常考题型。9.Uniformaccelerationoccurs__________therateofchangeremainsthesameoversuccessiveandequalintervalsoftime.(A)according(B)if(C)with(D)under答案:B测试点;连词。分析:空格前是一完整的主谓结构的句子,空格后的句子是它的状语从句,所缺为引导状语从句的连词。4个答案中只有(B)if是连词。(C)(D)是介词,(A)是副词,均不可连接从句。10.People'sexpectationsforahigherstandardoflivingincrease__________.(A)conditionsintheircommunityimprove(B)sinceconditionsintheirimprovingcommunity(C)conditionsimproveintheircommunity(D)asconditionsintheircommunityimprove答案:D测试点;状语从句。分析:空格前是一完整的主谓结构的句子,后面缺少的应是作状语的短语或从句。4个答案中无相应的短语,只有(D)是完整的从句,故选(D)。(A)、(C)均无连接词,(B)不是完整的句子。11.Essentially,atheoryisanabstract,symbolicrepresentationof__________reality.(A)whatitisconceived(B)thatisconceived(C)whatisconceivedtobe(D)thatisbeingconceivedof答案:C测试点:名词从句。分析:介词of后只能接名词宾语或名词性宾语从句。what引导的从句为名词从句,而that引导的从句则不可,接在介词后面,故在(A)(C)中选择。但(A)中what与it重复,故选(C)。且beconceivedtobe是固定结构。12.Alloftheplantsnowraisedonfarmshavebeendevelopedfromplants__________wild.(A)oncetheygrew(B)theygrewonce(C)thatoncegrew(D)oncegrew答案:C测试点:定语从句。分析:plants后的成份应是其定语从句,应在答案中选择完整、适当的从句,即(C)。此从句中that作主语,不可省略,故(D)错。(A)与句意不合;(B)不通。13.__________relativelycostly,thedieselengineishighlyefficientandneedsservicinginfrequently.(A)Even(B)Itis(C)Eventhough(D)Thereis答案:C测试点:连词。分析:逗号前后两部分意思相反,需表转折关系的连词,即(C)。解题要点;连词eventhough如引导主系表结构的从句,则常常省去主语和系词be,此句即省掉了thedieselengineis.在结构题中的四个答案中如有eventhough,应当首考虑这个选择。14.__________imagesoutofclay,stone,andmetal.(A)Theshapingofsculpture(B)Sculptingtheshapes(C)Toshapesculpture(D)Sculptorsshape答案:D测试点;主谓结构。分析:本句主、谓语俱缺,应在答案中选择主谓结构的形式,即(D)。15.__________datesfromtheendoftheeighteenthcentury.(A)Themoderncircus(B)Thatthemoderncircus(C)Whilethemoderncircus(D)Themoderncircusthat答案:A测试点;主语。分析:dates是谓语动词,前面缺少主语。应在答案中选择名词或名词组作主语,即(A)。16.Theboiledpointofanyliquidisdeterminedbythepressureofthesurroundinggases.ABCD答案:A测试点:词形。分析:“沸点”的固定说法是boilingpoint,不用boiled。现在分词和过去分词有时会被故意用错,应记住现在分词有“正在进行”的意义,而过去分词则给人“已经完成”的感觉。试比较boiledwater(煮开过的水)。17.TheRangerspacecraftitprovidedmorethan17,000picturesofthemoon.ABCD答案:A测试点:多词。分析:名词spacecraft做主语,it多余。18.ManypeoplewholiveinNewYorkCitythinksthatlifeinalargecityoffersspecialABCDadvantages.答案:B测试点:主谓数的一致。分析:主语是复数的Manypeople,因此谓语动词也要用复数形式think.19.Thescientificrevolutionoftheearly1900'saffectededucationbychangethenatureofABCtechnology.D答案:C测试点;词形。分析:介词by后面不能加动词原形,应改用其动名词形式changing。20.Meadowlarksareaboutthesamesizethanrobins,buttheyhaveheavierbodies,shorterABCtails,andlongerbills.D答案:B测试点;习语。分析:看到thesame…应注意其后是否有as。same…as…结构是TOEFL考题中常出现的一种同级比较结构。21.OnMay20,1932,AmeliaEarhartbecamethefirstwomanflysoloacrosstheAtlanticABCDOcean.答案:C测试点;后置定语。分析:thefirstwoman后面是定语而不是谓语,不能用动词原形fly,而应用flying,或tofly。解题要点:thefirst…todo…是TOEFL常考习语。22.Translatedintotermsofpsychologicaltheory,associationhasbeenthoughtofastheABbasisoftolearn,conditioning,andcreativethinking.CD答案:C测试点:词形/并列结构.分析:介词of后不能加不定式(tolearn),而应加动名词。此外,后文and要求两边同词性、同性质,因此,应当用learning与conditioning和t
本文标题:1989-05语法讲解
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