您好,欢迎访问三七文档
FANYU2017.04.03ResearchforDesignersCONTENTS目录RESEARCHESSENTIALS3Formulatingaresearchstatement制定一个研究声明Framingaresearchquestionorahypothesis假设一个研究问题或者框架Reviewoftheliterature文献复习Glossaryofkeyterms关键术语表UnderstandingresearchMethodsandMethodologies理解研究方法Chossingaresearchapproach选择研究方法Researchtriangulation研究三角测量Ethicalresearch伦理研究Writingaresearchproposal撰写研究计划Conclusion结语Summary总结Definingaresearchproblem定义一个研究问题Keywords:Researchproblem研究问题Qualitativeresearch定性研究Researchstatement研究报告Quantitativeresearch定量研究Researchquestion研究问题Visualresearch视觉研究Hypothesis假设Appliedresearch应用研究Literaturereview文献评论Triangulation三角Glossaryofkeyterms关键术语表Multimethodresearch多方法研究ResearchMethods研究方法Ethics伦理Researchmethodology研究方法论Researchproposal研究计划Learningaboutresearchanddoingresearchisimportantinbothaneducationalcontextandinpractice.学习怎么做研究和做研究,在教育背景和实践中非常的重要。Learningtechnicalskillssuchasdrawing,modelling,ordesignsoftwareisalsoimportant,butdevelopingcriticalthinkingskillscanbefarmorevaluableinthelongterm.学习技术技能,如绘画、造型、设计软件也很重要,但是发展批判性思维技能,可以在长期更有价钱。Pauld.leedyandJeanneE:thepurposeofresearch‘istolearnwhathasneverbeenknownbefore;toaskasignificantquestionforwhichnoconclusiveanswerhaspreviouslybeenfound;and,bycollectingandinterpretingrelevantdata,tofindananswertothatquestion'(2010:xvi)研究价值的解释:在之前不了解的领域里,没有确凿答案之前,发现一个问题,并通过收集和解释有关数据来寻找问题的答案。Ibelievethat,asadesigner,theabilitytoanswersuchquestionsisfarmoreimportantthantheabilitytomakebeautiful,yetmeaninglessthings.作为一个设计师:回答这些问题的能力比创造美丽但是没有意义的东西的能力更为重要。3.1DEFININGARESEARCHPROBLEM定义一个研究问题Attheheartofeverydesignprojectlaysaproblem.每一个设计项目的核心都是一个问题。Theabilitytounderstandthisproblemisparamounttothesuccessofthedesignoutcome.ifyoudonotunderstandexactlywhatthisproblemis,thenyouwillnotbeabletodesignasolutionthatcanaddressthisproblem.Therefore,acleardefinitionofthedesignproblemisthefirstrequirementinthedesignprocess.thedesignproblemisalsoaresearchproblem,andwhatfollowsnextisasmucharesearchprocessasitisadesignprocess。了解这个问题是决定设计是否成功最重要的内容!如果你不明白这个问题是什么,你就无法设计解决方案来解决问题。因此,明确设计问题的定义是设计过程中的首要的要求。设计问题也是研究问题,所以接下来的研究过程也是一个设计的过程。Asyoubegintheprocessofidentifyingaresearchproblem,youwillneedtokeeptwothingsnmindyourproblemshouldaddressaquestionthatcanmakeadifferenceinsomeway;andtheresearchshouldleadtowardsnewknowledgeinyourfieldbyfindingnewwaysofthinking,suggestingnewapplications,orpavingthewayforfurtherresearchinthefield(leedandormrod,2010:45).在确定研究问题的过程中,需要记住两件事:1.你解决的问题是存在某种程度的差异。2.研究应该导致问题所在领域的新知识的发现、新的思维方式、新的应用,并且为下一步的研究铺平道路。whenconsideringaproblemforresearchpurposes,thereareseveralsituationsthatyoushouldavoid.在考虑研究问题时,应该避免几种情况:Forexample:1.Researchprojectsshouldnotbeusedforachieving‘self-enlightenment’研究项目不是用于自我启蒙。2.Aproblemwhosepurposeiscomparingtwosetsofexistingdataorcalculatingtheircorrelationtoshowarelationshipbetweenthemisnotasuitableresearchproblem.比较两套现有数据或者计算出他们之间的关系,这不算是一个研究问题。3.Aproblemthatleadstoayesorno‘questionisnotasuitableproblemforresearch.导致“是”或“否”的问题不是一个合适的研究问题。Inorderforyoutobeabletoidentifyappropriateresearchproblems,youmustalreadybesufficientlyknowledgeableaboutyourtopicofinterest.为了找出适当的研究问题,你必须足够了解你感兴趣的话题。ifyouareselectingaresearcproblemforapostgraduatethesis,choseatopicthatintriguesyouandmotivatesyou.thetopicofyourresearchshouldbebasedonsomethingthatyouaregenuinelyinterestedtoworkon.postgraduateresearchproblemstakealongtimetocomplete,soworkonsomethingthatyouarepassionateaboutandthatyoubelieveisworthyofyourtimeandeffort.however,youalsoneedtoconsiderwhetherotherswillfindthistopicinterestingandworthyofattentionYourresearchshouldhaveabroaderappealorapplicationandshouldnotbebasedsolelyonyourownpersonalinterests(seeleedyandormrod,2010:47-8)3.2Formulatingaresearchstatement制定一个研究声明Onceyouhaveidentifiedwhattheresearchproblemis,youwillalsoneedtoarticulatethisprobleminawaythatiscarefullyphrasedandrepresentsthesinglegoalofthetotalresearcheffort(leedyandormrod,2010:48).一旦你确定了研究问题,就需要进一步阐述研究这个问题的方式。这是精心设计出来的,代表了总的研究目标。thisstatementshouldbeclearandunderstandabletoeveryone,regardlessofwhethertheyareexpertsinthefieldornot.ifyoucannotexplaininsimpletermswhattheproblemisthatyouaretryingtoaddress,thechancesarethatyoustilldonothaveagoodunderstandingofwhattheproblemis.therefore,makesurethateveryonecanunderstandexactlywhatyoumean.ifnecessary,provideadditionalclarificationofyourresearchproblem(2010:49)这个声明应该是清晰、容易理解的。不管读者是不是这个领域的专家,都应该可以理解。如果你不能简单的解释你研究所解决的问题,那么很有可能你没有很好的理解问题是什么。因此,要确保每个人都能准确的理解你的意思。如果有必要,需要提供额外的说明来讲清楚你的研究问题。John's.stevenssdissertation”designasastrategicresourceDesignscontributionstocompetitiveadvantagealignedwithstrategymodels”(2009)史蒂文斯博士论文《基于战略模型的战略资源设计对竞争优势的贡献》英国剑桥大学哲学博士论文Itcanbeseenfromthethesistitle,hisresearchproblemisfocusedoninvestigationofdesign'scontributiontocompetitivebusinessadvantage.从题目上可以看他研究问题的重点是商业竞争又是的贡献调查设计。Thissenoughtogivethereaderanindicationofwhattheproblemisinaninstant,butnevertheless,thisisaratherbroadstatementwhenpresentedonitsown.therefore.whenformulatingaresearchstatementyoualsoneedtothinkaboutthefeasibilityoftheresearchproject.attimessomeideascannotbefollowed
本文标题:研究方法论
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-4150866 .html