高考英语语法With的复合结构学习精析

高考英语语法With的复合结构学习精析With复合结构,是由with+宾语+宾补组成，在句中常做状语，如伴随、时间、原因、方式状语等。典型例题Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback。A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied答案D.with+名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词手与分词绑是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.第一类.with+名词/代词+现在分词(doing)Theteachercameinwithsomeofhisstudentsfollowinghim.老师走了近来,后面跟着几个他的学生.Withtheboyleadinghimtheway,theoldmanhadnotroublefindinghisoldfriend’shouse.由于有小男孩给他引路,这位老人毫不费力地找到了他老朋友的家.用with翻译句子或填空．1.Heliedonthechair,withanewspaper________(cover)hisface.2.Hewastakentohospital,____________________(腿在流血bleed).3.Itoldherthebadnews,______________(心跳动beat地厉害).第二类：with+名词/代词+过去分词(done)过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。Withmyhomeworkfinished(=AfterIfinishedmyhomework)，Iwentfishingwithmyfather.1)Isatinmyroomforafewminuteswithmyeyesfixedontheceiling.我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花（伴）2)Shehadtowalkhomewithherbikestolen.自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。（原）3)Hehadtowalktotheschoolwithhisbikebroken.自行车坏了,他不得不步行上学.例题4:Thefellowstoodthere,_____________________(双手交叉cross在背后)第三类：with+名词/代词+不定式(todo)此时，不定式表示将发生的动作。Withtheboytoleadtheway，wewillfindthehouseeasilytomorrow.1)Withnoonetotalkto,Johnfeltupset.由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很焦虑。2)Withalotofworktodo,hewasn'tallowedtogoout.因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。3)Hewasleftalone,withnoonetolookafterhim.他被单独留下,无人照顾.典型例题：5.Withalotofdifficultproblems__________,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime．A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled6.________twoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.A.BesidesB.WithC.AsforD.Becauseof7.______somuchhomeworktodo,Iwon'thavetimetogotoseethefilmtonight.A.WithB.ToC.ForD.In第四类.with+名词(或代词)+介词短语Doyouknowthewomanwithababyinherarms(=whohasababyinherarms)?1)Withthechildrenatschool,wecan'ttakeourvacationwhenwewantto.由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原）2)Thesoldierhadhimstandwithhisbacktohisfather.士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。（方）介词with复合结构相关的高考试题：8._________productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through第五类.with+名词(或代词)+形容词强调名词的特性或状态Shecameintotheroom，withhernoseredbecauseofcold.1)Iliketosleepwiththewindowsopen.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。2)Don’ttalkwithyourmouthfull.嘴里有食物时不要讲话。第六类with+名词/代词+副词I’musedtoworkingwiththeradioon.我习惯开着收音机工作.Istoodtherewithmydogbehind.我站在那儿,我的狗在我后面.第七类with+名词(或代词)+名词InthecentreofLondonthereisatallwhitebuildingwiththename“BushHouse”.1)TheylivedinBeijingwiththeirsonasoldier.他们住在北京，他们的儿子是个士兵。2)Hediedwithhisdaughteryetaschool-girl.他去逝时，女儿还是个小学生。3)Helivedarichlife,withhisoldfatherabeggar.他过着富足的生活，而他的老父亲却沿街乞讨。总结语法功能with复合结构在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。1）Wesatonthedrygrasswithourbackstothewall.（作伴随状语）2）Shecouldnotleavewithherpainfuldutyunfulfilled.（作原因状语）3）Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.（作方式状语）4）Jacksoonfellasleepwiththelightstillburning.（作伴随状语）5）Iwon'tbeabletogoonholidaywithmymotherbeingill.（作原因状语）6）Hesatwithhisarmsclaspedaroundhisknees.（作方式状语）9.Withnothing_______toburn，thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.A.leavingB.leftC.leaveD.toleave10.Thegirlsattherequitesilentandstillwithhereyes_____onthewall.A.fixingB.fixedC.tobefixingD.tobefixed11.Iliveinthehousewithitsdoor_________tothesouth.（这里with结构作定语）A.facingB.facesC.facedD.beingfaced12.Theypretendedtobeworkinghardallnightwiththeirlights____.A.burnB.burntC.burningD.toburn