小升初英语语法介词专项

•介词介词一般用于名词之前，不能单独作句子成分，必须组成介词词组。我们理一理Classification:方位介词时间介词方式介词上，下，左，右，里，外……InEnglish英语中有哪些介词可以表示方位？表示上面，下面，里面：on,under,in,over表示前，后，中间：infrontof,behind,between表示相邻，旁边:near,beside,nexttoon,under,in,overon:在……上面over:在……上方under：在……下面in:在……里面练一练：translatesentences1.电脑在书桌上面。Thecomputerisonthedesk.2.墙上有一面镜子。Thereisamirroronthewall.3.你在哪里呢？我在房间里。Whereareyou?I’mintheroom.4.看！球在椅子下面。Look!Theballisunderthechair.5.河上面有一座桥。Thereisabridgeovertheriver.infrontof,behind,betweeninfrontof:在……前面behind:在……后面between:在两者之间注意：between表示在……之间，但仅仅是两者之间。between还有抽象的用法。near,beside,nexttonear:在……附近(有距离）beside:与……紧挨着（通常是左右)Nextto:与……相邻(通常有顺序关系）我的座位在门旁边。Myseatisnearthedoor.那条公路紧挨着河流。Theroadisbesidetheriver.练一练：请用infrontof,behind,between和near,beside,nextto描述教室中人，物之间的方位关系。e.g.Lorraine在墙壁前面。Lorraineisinfrontofthewall.徒手操游戏（Freestandingexercises)1.一手握拳，一手摊开2.说on时，握拳的手放在摊开的手上；3.说in时，摊开的手包住握拳的手；4.说under时，握拳的手放在摊开的手下；5.说beside时，握拳的手放在摊开的手旁边；6.说behind时，握拳的手放在摊开的手后；7.说between时，摊开两手放在头边。Thecatisbehindthefishbowl.时间介词表示在什么时候早上，下午，晚上，6点，20点……atinonafterbeforeforfrom……toatinonAt:某一时间点Johngoestoschoolat8o’clockeveryday.7:0010:0016:0018:00in:表示“在……期间”。用于week，month，season，year，morning，afternoon，evening等前面。十二个month分别是？January，February，March，April，May，June，July，August，September，October，November，December.四个season是?Spring,summer,fall(autumn),winter.练一练TranslateChineseintoEnglish1.晚上我要去拜访我阿姨。Intheevening,I’mgoingtovisitmyaunt.2.在秋天，农民伯伯可以摘苹果。Inautumnfarmerscanpickapples.3.你什么时候生日？我的生日在2月。Whenisyourbirthday?MybirthdayisinFebruary.4.星期一，我没吃早饭。OnMonday，Ididnoteatbreakfast.InMonday,Ididnoteatbreakfast.on:表示在具体某一天或某一天的早上，下午，晚上。1.在假期里你都做了些什么？Whatdidyoudoonyourholiday?2.我们2月1日离开北京，2日达到哈尔滨。WeleftBeijingonFebruary1standgottoHarbinonthe2nd.3.星期一晚上，我们去了超市。OnMondayevening,wewenttothesupermarket.afterbeforeforfrom……to1.before/after表示在某个时间段前/后。Letusgoforawalkdinner.Letuswashhandslunch.2.for加一段时间笔直走大约5分钟。Gostraightforaboutfiveminutes.3.from表示从某时间开始。to表示在某时间结束。春天从3月开始到5月结束。SpringisfromMarchtoMay.afterbefore方式介词:by,with,inby+交通工具（transportation）你知道那些交通工具？InEnglishbike,motorbike,train,car,plane,taxi,cab,underground,subway,bus,boat,ship.表达方法：goto+地方+by+交通工具Onfoot=walk吴一凡和他的朋友一起踢足球。WuYifanplaysfootballwithhisfriends.with+人=和……在一起用刀切。Cutwiththeknife.with+物=用某种工具或方法play+with+物=玩什么playwithcomputerplaywithsnow介词in除了表示“在……里面”还有什么用法？in+某种语言你知道那些语言?English,French,Japanese,Chinese,German,Italian,Spanish,Portuguese,Russianin+颜色表示“穿……颜色的衣服”请你观察教室里的同学，用“in+颜色”描述他（她）。练一练，想一想1.他为我的姑姑写电视剧。HewritestheTVshow______myaunt.2.你晚餐喜欢吃些什么？Whatwouldyoulike________dinner?3.生日快乐！这是送给你的。Happybirthday!Itis________you.forforforFor表示为某人或某物。Some固定搭配laughathowaboutyou?puton,takeoffgeton,getoff当堂练习1——读一读，圈出合适的介词1.What’sthis(at,on,in)English?——It’sadictionary.2.Christmasis(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.3.Theman(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather4.Lookatthosebirds(on,in)thetree.5.Wearegoingtomeet(at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastten.6.Thereisabridge(on,over,in)theriver.7.Tomis(between,behind,infrontof)JackandDavid.Keys:1.in2.on3.in4.on5.at,at6.over7.between当堂练习2——读一读，选一选1.Iwaterthesproutandputit_____thesun.A.underB.onC.inD.at2.Lookatthatgirl______red.A.inB.forC.ofD.with3.Wehavemusicclass______Mondaymorning.A.forB.onC.inD.at4.Pleasegotothecinema______us.A.forB.ofC.toD.with5.Igotoschool_____foot.Hegoestoschool____bike.2.in,byB.on,byC.in,withD.on,with3.Thefirstastronautlandedonthemoon_____1968.4.onB.inC.atD./5.Wehaveclasses______8:00a.m._____3:00p.m.everyday.A.from,toB.at,atC.from,atD.at,to当堂练习3——读一读，填一填（发福利！）onoffataboutintoforto1.Pleaselisten_____mecarefully.2.Theyarelaughing______John’sfunnygoal.3.Put______yoursweater.Todayiscold.4.Itistime______breakfast.5.It’ssohottoday.Take______yourcoat.6.I’dlikesomepotatoesandjuice.How_____you?7.Thedogjumped______thelakeandreturnedthekitetome.