83考研有机化学方程式书写题题库

12饱和脂肪烃1．完成下列反应式：答案：(1)(2)(3)(4)3不饱和脂肪烃一．完成下列反应：(3)+BrH(4)+Cl2hvCH3CH2CH3Br2(1)+hvCH3CCH3CH3Cl2CH3hv(2)+CH3CH2CH3+Br2CH3CHBrCH3hvCH3CCH3CH3CH3CH3CCH3CH2ClCH3Cl2+hvBr+HBrClCl+Cl2hvCH3HI+Cl3CCHCH2CH3CH2CHCH2HOClCH3CCCH3HCCCH2CHCH2HBr++H2+Pd/BaSO4+HBr(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)OOO+(8)H2SO4CH3CH2CCH2CH3+CH3CH2CCH2CH3HClH2O+(1)(2)2答：反应产物为：二、完成下列反应式1．(1)(2)CH2H2OH2SO4C(CH3)22．H2O2CH3HBr3．O3Zn/H2OCH3CH2CH=CH24．(1)(2)CH2H2OH2SO45．℃Br23006．H2OCl2＋＋7．(1)(2)CH2H2O2CH2CHOHB2H68．KMnO4OH9．H+KMnO4C2H5C2H5CH=CH10．H3O+C6H5CO3H11．H+KMnO4C2H5CH3CH2CCH3ClCH3（1）（2）CH3CH2CCH3OSO3HCH3CH3CH2CCH3OHCH3（3）ICH3（4）Cl3CCH2CH2Br（5）CH3CH2CHCH2ClOH（6）CH3CH=CHCH3（7）HCCCH2CHCH3Br（8）OOO312．H2O2＋OsO413．CH2H2O2OH＋B2H614．H2O2OH＋CH3B2H615．(1)(2)O3(CH3)2CHZn/H2OCH3CH16．H2O＋＋Br217．NBS＋CH318．CH2H2OCl2C(CH3)2＋19．＋CH3Br2CCl420．(1)(2)O3Zn/H2OCH321．KMnO4OHHC2H5CC2H5HC22．H2O2＋CH3B2H6OH23．Br2＋CCl424．H2OCH3＋CH3OsO4NaHSO325．CH2CHHBrC6H5ROOR26．(1)(2)O3CH2Zn/H2OC2H5CCH327．HIF3C＋CH=CH228．CH2CH2H2O2OHB2H629．CH2H+I＋ClC(CH3)2430．H2SO4H3O+CH3＋答案：1.OHCH3C(CH3)22.BrCH33.CH3CH2CHO+HCHO4.OHCH35.Br6.HOClorClOH7.CH2CH2CH2OH8.OHOH9.COOH2CH2CH310．(±)OHOHO；11.COOHCOCH3(CH2)312.OHOH13.CH2OH14.CH3OH15.(CH3)2CHCHOCH3＋CHO16.BrOH17.BrCH318.CH2ClC(CH3)2OH19.BrCH3Br(±)20.CHOCOCH3(CH2)321.OHHHOC2H5HC2H5(±)22.CH3OHorCH3OH23.BrBr(±)24.CH3CH3OHOH25.CH2CH2C6H5OH26.HC2H5C＋COCH3HO27.CH2CH2IF3C28.CH2CH2HOOH29.CH2(CH3)2CHICl30.OSO3HCH3OH；CH3三、完成下列反应式1．Cl2CH2CH2CHCHC2．稀H2SO4CH3CH2CHCHgSO43．＋CHCHCHCH3OCH=CH2CCCHOO54．NaCH2CH3NH3OsO4H2O2CH3CC液5．CHCH3Br2CCl4CH3CCCH6．H2催化剂LindlarCH3CH3CC7．H2OH+CHCHgSO48．NaH2OH+CH2BrCHCHgSO49．H2OCH稀H2SO4＋CHCH3CHCHgSO410．KMnO4CHKOHCH3CH2C11．CH2ClCH2+CHF＋CCAg(NH3)212．OHCHB2H6H2O2CH3CH2C13．NaINH3CH3CHCH3C液H2Pt/Pb14．H2OCOOHKMnO4C2H5CH3CH＋B2H6C15．CH2CH2CHHBrCH＋C(1mol)16．CH2CHBrCH3＋CH=CH217．HClCHC6H5＋CHCH=CH218．OHCH3B2H6H2O2CH3CC19．O3CH2OCH3CH2CH3C20．△ClNaNH2OHCH3B2H6H2O2ClC6答案：1.ClCH2CH2CHClCHC2.COCH3CH3CH23.OCH3CCOO4.HHCC2H5CH3CHOC2H5(±)OHCH3HH5.CHBrCH3BrCH3CCCH6.HHCCH3CCH37.OCH3C8.CH2CHC,CH2CH3CO9.CHCH3COCH3CH10.COOK＋CO2CH3CH211.CH2CClCH2FCCAg12.CHOCH2CH3CH213.CNaCH3C,CCH3CH3C,HHCCH3CCH314.C2H5CH=CH2,CH2OHC2H5OHCH15.CH2CHBrCHCH3C16.CH2CBrCH3Br＋CHCH3(主)CH2CCH3CHCH3(次)17.CHC6H5CHClCHCH318.COCH3CH3CH219.COOHCH3CH2CH3COOH＋20.CHCCH2CHO4芳香烃一．完成下列反应式：CH3HNO3H2SO4浓浓（1）(CH3)3CCH2CH3KMnO4/H+（2）AlCl3CH3CH2CH2Cl+（3）CH(CH3)2Cl2+光照（4）(CH3CO)2OAlCl3+（5）CH2CH3Cl2FeCl3+（6）CH2CH2CH2COClAlCl3（8）CHOCH3COClAlCl3+（7）7答案：二、完成下列反应式1．△KMnO4C2H5H3C2．＋(CH3)3CClCH3CH3AlCl3100℃3．H2SO4△ClKMnO4H3CHNO34．Br2Cl2hvH3CFe5．H2SO4＋60℃6.CH2ClCH3AlCl3＋COZn-Hg浓HCl7．＋COOHOHCH3CH3HNO3(2mol)8．H2SO4NO2NHHNO3CO9.H2SO4△KMnO4BrC2H5HNO3CH3HNO3H2SO4浓浓（1）CH3NO2H3CNO2+(CH3)3CCH2CH3KMnO4/H+（2）(CH3)3CCOOH（3）AlCl3CH3CH2CH2Cl+CH(CH3)2CH(CH3)2Cl2+光照（4）C(CH3)2Cl（5）(CH3CO)2OAlCl3+COCH3CH2CH3Cl2FeCl3+（6）+CH2CH3ClCH2CH3ClCHOCH3COClAlCl3+（7）CHOCOCH3CH2CH2CH2COClAlCl3（8）O810.△KMnO4(CH3)3C11.H2SO4HNO3COO12.Br2OCH3FeCOCH3O13.HCl(1)(2)H2SO4△KMnO4AlCl3HNO3＋浓14．H2SO4CH2HNO3O2N15.CH2ClCH2AlCl3CO16.OHCH2CH2(CH3)2CHF17．NO2Cl2OCH3Fe18．H2SO4NO2CH3OHNO319．H2SO4ClNHCOCH3HNO320．H2SO4O2NHNO321．H2SO4△H+KMnO4HNO3,22．CH2ClCH3AlCl3＋COCO23．AlCl3CH2CH2CH2Cl24．+CH3CH2CH2CH2ClAlCl3100CKMnO4加热25．CH2COClAlCl326．+加热CH2KMnO4CH2AlCl39答案：1．COOHHOOC；2．CH3CH3C(CH3)3；3．NO2ClCH3，NO2COOHCl；4．CH3Br，BrCH2Cl；5．SO3H；6．CH3CH2CO，CH2CH3CH2；7．NO2O2NOHCH3；8．，NO2O2NNHCO；9．COOHBr，NO2COOHBr10.(CH3)3CCOOH；11.NO2O2NCOO，；12.BrOCH3COCH3O13.，NO2COOH；14.O2NNO2CH2；15.O16.CH3CH3；17.NO2ClOCH3；18.NO2CH3O；19.ClNHCOCH3NO2；20.NO2O2N；21.NO2，O2NCOOCO；22.CH2CH3COCO；23．；24．CH(CH3)2，COOH；25．O；26．C2H5，COOH；5脂环烃一、完成下列反应式1．+CH3O2．+CH2CHCl3．CH3CHCH2CH2+HBr4．+COOEtCOOEt105．CH3CHCH2CH2+HCl6．CH3+COOCH3COOCH37．CH3+CH3COOCH3COOCH38.H3CH3CCH2CH3Cl2+9．+OCH310.HBrH3CH3CCH2CH3+11．CHOHCHCH3KMnO412.CHCH+CH3CH3KMnO413.H2SO4△H2O+CH314.△+COOCH3CH3OOC15.△+CO2CH316.CHO△+17.△+18.△COCO+O19．△+CH3CH320.△+COOCH3COOCH321.△NO2CH2+22.hv答案：1.答：COCH32.答：Cl3.答：CHCH2CH3CH3Br4.答：COOEtCOOEt115.答：ClCHCH2CH3CH36.答：COOCH3CH3COOCH37.答：COOCH3CH3CH3COOCH38.答：C2H5ClCCH2CHCH3ClCH39.答：COCH310.答：CH3CH3CHCCH3CH3Br11.答：CH3CHOHOHCHH3C12.答：CCH3OCH3＋COOH13.答：OHCHCH2CH3CH314.答：COOCH3COOCH315.答：COOCH316.答：CHO17.答：18.答：COCOO19.答：CH3CH320.答：COOCH3COOCH321.答：NO2CH222.答：6卤代烃一、完成下列反应式(CH3)3CBrKCNC2H5OHCH3CHCH3OHBrHAgNO3CH3CH2CHCH3OHPCl5NH3CH3CHCH2BrHNaCNCH2ClOHOH2+[]乙醇[][]_,（1）（2）（3）（5）（4）12答案：（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）7醇、酚、醚一.完成下列化学反应式：答案：(CH3)3CBrKCNC2H5OH+(CH3)3CNCH3CHCH3OHHBrCH3CHCH3BrAgNO3/C2H5OHCH3CHCH3ONO2+AgBrCH3CH2CHCH3OHPCl5CH3CH2CHCH3NH2CH3CH2CHCH3ClNH3CH3CHCH2HBrCH3CHCH3BrCH3CHCH3CNNaCNCH2ClCH2OHOHH2O(1)(2)KMnO4/H2SO4OHCH3CH2CHCH3CH3CH2BrCH3CH2CHCH3+ONa(3)(4)(5)OCH3+HICH3CH3CH2CHCHCH3OHH2SO4OH+Br23(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)CH3CH2BrCH3CHCH2CH3ONa+CH3CHCH2CH3OCH2CH3CH3CHCH2CH3OHKMnO4/H2SO4CH3CH2CCH3OCH3CH2CHCHCH3OHCH3H2SO4CH3CH2CCHCH3CH3OH+3Br2OHBrBrBr+OCH3HIOH+CH3I13二、完成反应及答案：1．OC2H5HI2．OHHO+HHHIO43．CH2ClCH2CHONa+4．OHCH3H3PO45．OCH3HI6．CH3OHOHCH3H+7．HOOHH2SO48．CH3OCH3CCHCH3CH3ONaCH3OH9．OHH+C(CH3)2(C6H5)2COH10．OC2H5HI11．HOHIO4OHCHCHCH312．+CH2ONaCH2CHCH2Cl13．CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH3+HI(1mol)14．OHHIO4OH1415．H+C6H5CH2CHCH(CH3)2OH16．OHCH3CHC(CH3)2CHOHOHHIO417．CH3CH2CH2CHOHCH3+SOCl