58初一英语语法知识点总结复习(超详细)

课时一教学任务一、重点语法1.动词be（am,is,are）的用法：be动词包括“am”,“is”,“are”三种形式。①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。句型解析析：Iam+…例句：IamSnoopy.Iamtenyearsold.Iamastudent.Iamaboy.②第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析：Youare+…例句：Youaremygoodfriend.Youareagoodteacher.Youarebeautiful③第三人称单数(HeorSheorIt)配合is使用。句型解析：She(He,It)is+……例句：Sheisagoodgirl.Sheissotall.Sheisshort.④人称复数(we/you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We(You,They)are+……例句WeareinClass5,Grade7.Theyaremyfriends.Youaregoodstudents.用法口诀：我(I)用am,你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。对应练习：一.用括号中适当的词填空。1.I________(am,are,is)fromAustralia.2.She_______(am,are,is)astudent.3.JaneandTom_________(am,is,are)myfriends.4.Myparents_______(am,is,are)verybusyeveryday.5._______(Are,Is,Do,Does)thereaChineseschoolinNewYork?6._______(Be,Are,Were,Was)theyexcitedwhenheheardthenews?7.There_____(be)someglassesonit.8.Ifhe_____(be)freetomorrow,hewillgowithus.一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3.Thedog_______tallandfat.4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?6.Where_____yourmother?She______athome.7.How_______yourfather?8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.9.Whosedress______this?10.Whosesocks______they?11.That______myredskirt.12.Who______I?13.Thejeans______onthedesk.14.Here______ascarfforyou.15.Here______somesweatersforyou.16.Theblackgloves______forSuYang.17.Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.19.Sometea______intheglass.20.Gaoshan'sshirt_______overthere.第二课时（1）英语人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。Iamateacher.Youarestudent.Heisastudent,too.We/You/Theyarestudents.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Giveittome.Let’sgo(let’s=letus)二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Isthisyourbook?No,，itisn’t，it’shers(herbook)Thispenismine.代词练习（一）一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。1.Thisis（my/I）mother.2.Nicetomeet（your/you）.3.（He/His）nameisMark.4.What’s（she/her）name?5.Excuse（me/my/I）.6.Are（your/you）MissLi?7.（I/My）amBen.8.（She/Her）ismysister.9.Fine,thank（your/you）.10.Howoldis（he/his）二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。1.Theseare______(he)brothers.2.Thatis_______(she)sister.3.Lilyis_______(Lucy)sister.4.Tom,thisis_____(me)cousin,Mary.5.Now_____________(herparent)areinAmerica.6.Those__________(child)are_____(I)father’sstudents.7.Doyouknow______(it)name?8.MikeandTom__________(be)friends.9.Thanksforhelping________(I).10.______(Ann安)motheris______(we)teacher.三、单项选择。（）1.Myfamily____abigfamily.Myfamily____allhere.A.is,isB.are,areC.is,areD.are,is（）2.Thisis__________.A.apictureoffamilyB.apictureofmyfamilyC.afamily’spictureD.afamilyofmypicture（）3.Let’s__________goodfriends.A.beB.areC.isD.am（）4.Issheyouraunt?Yes,__________.A.she’sB.herisC.sheisD.heis（）5.Are__________coatsyours?Yes,theyare.A.theyB.theseC.thisD.there（）6.Isthat__________uncle?No,itisn’tA.heB.sheC.herD.hers（）7.Mrs.Greenis__________grandmother.A.JimandKateB.JimandKate’sC.Jim’sandKate’sD.JimandKates’（）8.Doyouknowthename_____Mr.Green’sson?A.inB.ofC.onD.or（）9.__________thegreatphotoofyourfamily.A.thankforB.ThanksforC.ThankforD.thanksfor（）10.Arethoseyourfriends?__________.A.Yes,they’reB.No,theyareC.Yes,theyareD.Yes,thoseare代词练习（二）一、用适当的代词填空1．Welike________(he,his,him)verymuch.2．Isthisguitar________(you,your,yours)?3．________(She,Her,Hers)nameisLiLi.4．Fatherboughtadeskfor________(I,my,me,mine).5．________(It,It's,Its)isverycoldtoday.6．Isthisyourbook,Mike?Yes,________(we,you,they)are.7．AreyouandTomclassmates?Yes,________(we,you,they)are.8．Eachofthestudents________(have,has)apenpal.9．Hehasadog.Iwanttohave________(it,one),too.10．Herparentsare________(both,all,either)teachers.11．Thetextiseasyforyou.Thereare________(few,afew,little,alittle)newwordsinit.12．Iwant________(some,any)bananas.Givemethesebig________(one,ones).二、选择正确的答案1．Isthis________book?A．youB．IC．sheD．your2．It'sabird.________nameisPolly.A．ItsB．It'sC．HisD．It3．What'sthat?________ajeep.A．it'sB．ItsC．It'sD．its4．What'sthatinEnglish?________.A．It'seggB．That'seggC．It'saeggD．It'sanegg5．Whosecatisthis?Isityours?Isitawhite_______?A．cat'sB．oneC．onesD．cats6．Pleasegivethebookto________.A．IB．meC．myD．mine7．_________skirtisyours?A．WhoseB．WhereC．HowD．Which8．________isthispen?It'sWangFang's.A．Who'sB．WhoseC．WhereD．Which9．KateandMikedo________homeworkintheevening.A．one'sB．hisC．herD．their10．Thereisn't________waterinthebottle.A．anyB．someC．noD．a课时二（2）简单句一陈述句1、概念：说明一个事实或是陈述说话人的看法的句子，句末用句号。2、分类：陈述句根据其语法结构，可大体分为“主语+谓语”和“主语+连系动词+表语”两种；而从语气的角度分，又可分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句（1）“主语+谓语”结构①肯定陈述句Ilikethatbook.我喜欢那本书。（陈述一个事实）Ireallyagree.我确实同意。（陈述一个观点）②否定陈述句IdidnotbuytheTV.我没有买那个电视。（陈述一个事实）（2）主语+连系动词+表语结构①肯定陈述名Thefilmisboring.这部电影没意思。（陈述观点）②否定陈述句Smokingisnotgoodforyourhealth.抽烟对你的健康没有好处。（陈述一个事实）3、陈述句的否定结构：陈述句的否定式主要用两种结构来表达：（1）句子的谓语动词为be