毕设-轿车前独立悬架(麦弗逊)设计

HUNANUNIVERSITY毕业设计（论文）设计论文题目：夏利轿车前独立悬架设计学生姓名：王科学生学号：20030410414专业班级：车辆工程4班学院名称：机械与汽车工程学院指导老师：林逸杨沿平学院院长：刘桂荣2007年5月27日湖南大学毕业设计（论文）第I页夏利轿车前独立悬架设计摘要夏利轿车前悬所使用的是麦弗逊式独立悬架。麦弗逊式独立悬架有着结构简单、紧凑、占用空间小等众多优点，在现代轻型汽车中得到了广泛运用。本毕业设计要求根据夏利某改型车的改型总体方案要求，对其前悬架进行设计计算。为了阐述悬架的设计过程，说明书分别从设计计算、仿真分析、优化设计等方面对夏利用麦式悬架的设计过程进行了介绍。说明书首先阐述了悬架中关键零部件如：螺旋弹簧、横向稳定杆、减振器等的设计、选型和校核；进而运用空间坐标变换的方法分析了悬架的结构特点和运动特征，并以此为基础建立了悬架的物理模型和数学模型。同时，运用机械优化理论，以干涉量的加权均值为目标函数，优化了转向横拉杆断开点的位置。附录中还提供了基于MATLAB的仿真、优化程序和基于UG的夏利汽车车轮自生成程序。关键词:夏利轿车;麦弗逊式悬架;设计计算;运动分析;转向横拉杆断开点;优化设计湖南大学毕业设计（论文）第I页TheDesignofTheFrontSuspensionofXiaLiAutomobileAbstractThekindofthefrontsuspensioninXiaLiautomobileisMacphersonsuspension.Becauseofitscharacteristicsofsimplestructure,low-costandspaceeconomy,Macphersonsuspensionhasbecomethemostpopularindependentsuspensionsinceitsemergence,anditiswidelyusedinautomobileespeciallyincars.ThegraduatedesignsummarizedthedesignandanalysisofthefrontsuspensionofXiaLiautomobileinaspectsofdesign,manufacture,simulationanalysisandoptimizationdesignaccordingtotherequirementsofvehicle.FirstlythePapercompletethesuspensionofkeycomponentssuchas:helicalsprings,anti-rollbaranddamperinthedesignandselection,andthenthedimensionalpositionsofpointsontheleftMacphersonsuspensionwhilethefrontleftwheeljumpsarecalculatedwiththemethodofdimensionalcoordinatetransformation.Basedontherequirementsofgenerallayout,aconstrainedoptimizationdesignmodelissetupwiththesteeringcrossrodballjointpositionastheoptimizationvariables(designparameters),andthesumofsteeringcrossrodlengthinterferencewhiletheleftfrontwheelbouncingastheobjectivefunction.Therearealsosomebasicmaterialsintheappendixsuchassimulationprogram,optimizationprogramandsoon.Keywords:XiaLiAutomobile;Macphersonsuspension;designandcalculation;kinematicanalysis;steeringrodcrossballjoint;optimizationdesign;TechnicalAnalysis湖南大学毕业设计（论文）第1页目录1绪论.............................................................................................................................11.1课题背景及研究意义..........................................................................................11.2课题来源、要求和研究方法..............................................................................21.2.1课题来源和要求........................................................................................21.2.2研究方法....................................................................................................21.2.3研究目的和主要内容...............................................................................21.3夏利原型车的麦弗逊式悬架.............................................................................31.3.1麦弗逊式悬架的特点................................................................................31.3.2麦佛逊式悬架的经济性分析....................................................................32麦佛逊式悬架的设计计算.........................................................................................52.1悬架的总体布置方案和相关参数的计算...........................................................52.1.1悬架的总体布置方案.................................................................................52.1.2麦弗逊悬架的结构分析.............................................................................62.1.3悬架总体参数的计算.................................................................................62.2螺旋弹簧的设计计算.........................................................................................72.2.1螺旋弹簧材料的选择................................................................................72.2.2弹簧的受力及变形....................................................................................72.2.3弹簧几何参数的计算..............................................................................102.2.4计算结果的处理......................................................................................112.3横向稳定杆的设计计算....................................................................................132.3.1横向稳定杆的作用..................................................................................132.3.2横向稳定杆的设计计算..........................................................................132.4减震器的设计与选型........................................................................................152.4.1减振器类型的选择..................................................................................152.4.2主要性能参数的选择..............................................................................162.4.3主要尺寸的确定......................................................................................172.4.4计算结果的处理......................................................................................17湖南大学毕业设计（论文）第2页2.5弹簧限位缓冲块的设计....................................................................................173麦佛逊式悬架导向机构的仿真与优化...................................................................203.1独立悬架导向机构...........................................................................................203.2麦弗逊式悬架系统物理模型的建立...............................................................203.3导向机构运动学分析.......................................................................................213.3.1数学准备..........................