ap物理1-2015-年解答题真题

AP®Physics1:Algebra-Based2015Free-ResponseQuestions©2015TheCollegeBoard.CollegeBoard,AdvancedPlacementProgram,AP,APCentral,andtheacornlogoareregisteredtrademarksoftheCollegeBoard.VisittheCollegeBoardontheWeb:®PHYSICS1TABLEOFINFORMATION-2-CONSTANTSANDCONVERSIONFACTORSProtonmass,271.6710kgpm–Electronchargemagnitude,191.6010Ce–Neutronmass,271.6710kgnm–Coulomb’slawconstant,92149.010NmCkpe–02Electronmass,319.1110kgem–Universalgravitationalconstant,11326.6710mkgsG–Speedoflight,83.0010msc–AccelerationduetogravityatEarth’ssurface,29.8msgUNITSYMBOLSmeter,m’Ckilogram,kgsecond,sampere,Akelvin,Khertz,Hznewton,Njoule,Jwatt,Wcoulomb,Cvolt,Vohm,degreeCelsius,PREFIXESFactorPrefixSymbol1210teraT910gigaG610megaM310kilok210centic310millim610microm910nanon1210picopVALUESOFTRIGONOMETRICFUNCTIONSFORCOMMONANGLESq0303745536090sinq012352245321cosq132452235120tanq033341433‡Thefollowingconventionsareusedinthisexam.I.Theframeofreferenceofanyproblemisassumedtobeinertialunlessotherwisestated.II.Assumeairresistanceisnegligibleunlessotherwisestated.III.Inallsituations,positiveworkisdefinedasworkdoneonasystem.IV.Thedirectionofcurrentisconventionalcurrent:thedirectioninwhichpositivechargewoulddrift.V.Assumeallbatteriesandmetersareidealunlessotherwisestated.WAP®PHYSICS1EQUATIONS-3-MECHANICSELECTRICITY122EqqFkrqItDDRArVIRDPIVDsiiRRÇ11piiRRÇA=areaF=forceI=current=lengthP=powerq=chargeR=resistancer=separationt=timeV=electricpotentialr=resistivityWAVESvflf=frequencyv=speedl=wavelengthGEOMETRYANDTRIGONOMETRY0xxxatÃÃ20012xxxtatÃx2202xxxaxxÃÃ0netFFammÇfnFFm…2carÃpmvpFtDD212KmvcosEWFdFdqDEPtDD20012ttqqwa0twwacos2xAftpsinrFrFtqAnetIIttaÇLIwLttDD212KIwsFkx212sUkxmVra=accelerationA=amplituded=distanceE=energyf=frequencyF=forceI=rotationalinertiaK=kineticenergyk=springconstantL=angularmomentum=lengthm=massP=powerp=momentumr=radiusorseparationT=periodt=timeU=potentialenergyV=volumev=speedW=workdoneonasystemx=positiony=heighta=angularaccelerationm=coefficientoffrictionq=angler=densityt=torquew=angularspeedgUmgyDD21Tfpw2smTkp2pTgp122gmmFGrgFgm12GGmmUrRectangleAbhTriangle12AbhCircle2Arp2CrpRectangularsolidVwhCylinder2Vrp222SrpprSphere343Vrp24SrpA=areaC=circumferenceV=volumeS=surfaceareab=baseh=height=lengthw=widthr=radiusRighttriangle222cabsinacqcosbcqtanabqcab90°q2015AP®PHYSICS1FREE-RESPONSEQUESTIONS©2015TheCollegeBoard.VisittheCollegeBoardontheWeb:—90minutesDirections:Questions1,4and5areshortfree-responsequestionsthatrequireabout13minuteseachtoanswerandareworth7pointseach.Questions2and3arelongfree-responsequestionsthatrequireabout25minuteseachtoanswerandareworth12pointseach.Showyourworkforeachpartinthespaceprovidedafterthatpart.1.(7points,suggestedtime13minutes)Twoblocksareconnectedbyastringofnegligiblemassthatpassesovermasslesspulleysthatturnwithnegligiblefriction,asshowninthefigureabove.Themass2mofblock2isgreaterthanthemass1mofblock1.Theblocksarereleasedfromrest.(a)Thedotsbelowrepresentthetwoblocks.Drawfree-bodydiagramsshowingandlabelingtheforces(notcomponents)exertedoneachblock.Drawtherelativelengthsofallvectorstoreflecttherelativemagnitudesofalltheforces.(b)Derivethemagnitudeoftheaccelerationofblock2.Expressyouranswerintermsof1m,2m,andg.2015AP®PHYSICS1FREE-RESPONSEQUESTIONS©2015TheCollegeBoard.VisittheCollegeBoardontheWeb:(c)Indicatewhetherthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationofblock2isnowlarger,smaller,orthesameasintheoriginaltwo-blocksystem.Explainhowyouarrivedatyouranswer.2015AP®PHYSICS1FREE-RESPONSEQUESTIONS©2015TheCollegeBoard.VisittheCollegeBoardontheWeb:(12points,suggestedtime25minutes)Somestudentswanttoknowwhatgetsusedupinanincandescentlightbulbwhenitisinserieswitharesistor:current,energy,orboth.Theycomeupwiththefollowingtwoquestions.(1)Inonesecond,dofewerelectronsleavethebulbthanenterthebulb?(2)Doestheelectricpotentialenergyofelectronschangewhileinsidethebulb?Thestudentshaveanadjustablepowersource,insulatedwire,lightbulbs,resistors,switches,voltmeters,ammeters,andotherstandardlabequipment.Assumethatthepowersupplyandvoltmetersaremarkedin0.1Vincrementsandtheammetersaremarkedin0.01Aincrements.(a)Describeanexperimentalprocedurethatcouldbeusedtoanswerquestions(1)and(2)above.Inyourdescription,statethemeasurementsyouwouldmakeandhowyouwouldusetheequipmenttomakethem.Includeaneat,labeleddiagramofyoursetup.(b)i.Explainhowdatafromtheexperimentyoudescribedcanbeusedtoanswerquestion(1)above.ii.Explainhowdatafromtheexperimentyoudescribedcanbeusedtoanswerquestion(2)above.Alightbulbisnonohmicifitsresistancechangesasafunctionofcurrent.Yoursetupfrompart(a)istobeusedormodifiedtodeterminewhetherthelightbulbisnonohmic.(c)i.How,ifatall,doesthesetupneedtobemodified?ii.Whataddi