托福听力讲义-图文

新托福强化听力讲义新托福考试听力部分介绍1.新托福和旧托福的对比2.题量，时间，分数3.题目的考查形式考场环境：独立电脑，耳机，铅笔，草稿本电脑环境：图片，视频，声音，板书新题型：双选题，重听题，表格配对题答题时间：总时间限制，每题分配时间不限答题流程：永不悔改4.文章材料的考查形式文章结构：删除了旧托福的PARTA部分，更加注重于对于能力的考查文章长度：比旧托福长文章语速：无所谓快慢，比旧托福更加贴近真实的学习生活文章类型：对话，独白，讨论CONVERSATION文章思路LECTURE文章思路第1页5.新托福考试题型概述第2页第3页6.界面展示第4页7.IBT新托福资料说明——听力部分第5页托福听力中的九大语音问题1.语速问题托福听力过程中的语速问题如何解决语速问题2.连读问题托福听力过程中的连读问题（1）关键性词语出现连读：否定形式●notatall：Themeetingyesterdaywasn’tatallboring.（2）常用性词语出现连读●forhim连读中的基本规则（1）辅音+元音连读●Iwasfoundonthegroundbythefountainaboutafieldofasummerstride.●Notatall.●Rushhour.●ThisdictionaryisnotexactlywhatIwantedbutitwilldo.●Travelagency,travelagent（2）辅音+辅音连读●Somemoney,bikekey（3）元音+元音连读●Beontime（4）H连读●Ilenthimabook.●Larryistakingalotofart,isn’the?●Thestuffthenursegavemeseemedtohavehelped.●Imusthaveleftmykeysatmysister’shouse.●Shelearnedtousethecomputeronherown.（5）其他特殊连读●【t】+【j】=【ch】：meetyou,hurtyou,thatyour●【d】+【j】=【dg】：wouldyou,handyour,didyou●【s】+【j】=【sh】：missyou,thisyear●【z】+【j】=【g】：asusual,becauseyou●Example:won’tyou,don’tyou,didn’tyou,haven’tyou,hadn’tyou,wouldn’tyou,weren’tyou,lastyear,nextyear,notyet,didyou,hadyou,wouldyou,Iadviceyou,Iuseyour,how’syour如何解决连读问题3.失爆问题托福听力过程中的失爆问题：【p】，【b】，【t】，【d】，【k】，【g】任意两个连续出现就会发生失爆现象●Sitdown,goodnight,friendly●-thiscalculatorisn’tworkingright.-Ithinkyou’vegotthebatteryinupsidedown.如何解决失爆问题4.略读问题托福听力过程中的略读问题：书写时将两个或多个相邻的单词省略某些字母而连接起来●Iam=I’m,youhave=you’ve,howis=how’s,thatwould=that’d●Doesn’t,didn’t,shouldn’t,hadn’t,hasn’t,wouldn’t,won’t●OfficialguideP199：OK.Sowe’vetalkedaboutsomedifferenttypesofrootsystemsofplants,andI’veshownyousomeprettycoolslides,butnowIwanttotalkabouttheextentoftherotsystem-theoverallsizeoftherootsystem…thedepth.如何解决略读问题●I’m,you’re,she’s,they’re,there’s,he’s,who’s●We’ve,he’ll,she’d,she’ll,she’s,they’d,they’ve,they’ll●Can’t,weren’t,won’t,aren’t,wouldn’t,shouldn’t●Gotta,gonna5.弱读问题托福听力过程中的弱读问题（1）介词弱化：●stayathome,doitforfun,comefromChina,gointhehouse,acupofcoffee,thetraintoParis（2）代词弱化：●Phoneuswhenyouarefree.●I’velostmybook.（3）连词弱化：●Pleasegivemesomecreamandsugar.●EitherTomorPetercancome.如何解决弱读问题6.英美音差异问题托福听力过程中的英美音问题（1）【r】音问题●Idea,really●Theyweren’tatthedormlastnight.(ATheywenttothedormitory.(BTheydidn’tgotothedormitory.●-Thesnowisreallycomingdown,isn’tit?-RarelydowehavesomuchsnowinDecember.-Whatdoesthemanmean?(AitistypicalDecemberweatherforthisregion.(Bsuchalargeamountofsnowisunusualforthismonth.（2）【o】【a:】●Glass,class,fast●Hot,box,rock（3）其他情况●Neither如何解决英美音问题●常见易混音：Course-cause,oncemore-onesmall,career-Korea,worse-was,bore-ball,door-doll,core-call,tear-tea,short-shot●不加儿化音的词：China,Australia,banana,wall●常见英美音不同读法：Neither,either,record,cupboard,cassette,garage,laboratory,adult,ordinarity,secretary,dictionary7.词性变音问题托福听力过程中的词性变音问题●Method-methodically●校园词汇的变音：meterology,economics,geography如何解决词性变音问题●Company-companion,library-librarian,geography-geographical,ignore-ignorant,photo-photographer-photographic,declare-declaration,economy-economic-economical,invite-invitation,technology-technological,type-typical,wild-wildness8.缩写问题托福听力过程中的缩写问题●Sitcom●Chemlab●prof如何解决词性缩写问题●Intro.Course=introductorycourse导论性课Demo=demonstration演示Memo=memorandum备忘录Info.=Information信息Expo=exposition博览会Chem.=chemistry化学Comm.=commerce商业Tech=technology技术Ad.=advertisement广告Dorm=dormitory寝室M.A.=MasterofArts文学硕士M.S.=MasterofScience理学硕士B.A.=BachelorofArts文学士B.S.=BachelorofScience理学士alga=algebra代数学、代数anat=anatomy解剖学、解剖archit=architecture建筑学、建筑arith=arithmetic算术、算术astron=astronomy天文学、天文eng=engineering工程学、工程electr=electricity电学、电fin=finance财政学、财政geol=geology地质学、地质geom=geometry几何学、几何gram=grammar文法hist=history历史、史ling=linguistics语言学、语言maths=mathematics数学、数学mech=mechanics机械学、机械med=medical医学、医met=meteorology气象学、气象myth=mythology神话phil=philosophy哲学phon=phonetics语言学、语言photo=photography摄影术、摄影phys=physics物理学、物理physiol=physiology生理学、生理pol=politics政治学、政治psych=psychology心理学、心理9.数字问题托福听力过程中的数字问题●逗号原则●1,234,567,890:●＝:equalto,thesameas●≠:difference●↑:increase,promote,enhance,improve●↓:decrease,fall,worsen●＋:plus,add,besides,moreover●－:minus,deduct,except●→:resultin,leadto●←:originatefrom,datebackto●√:correct,good,positive,affirmative●×:wrong,bad,mistaken,negative●☆:outstanding,elite●∵:because,owingto,thanksto,since,as●∴:therefore,consequently,asaresult,so,hence●∑:total,amount●γ:government缩写●ableBL:PRBL，RSBL，DBL●ingG:SHPG●tionN:OPTN，NAN●mentT:AGRMT●izeZ:RCGNZ，OGNZ●tiveTV:EFCTV，●fulFL:SCFL●lessLS:RGDLS●ent/antT:URGT●al/ialL:ARVL练习SampleScript:Americanuniversitieshavebeenofferingclassesonlinethroughcomputersforanumberofyears.Now,somenewlycreatedcollegesareofferingacademicdegreesonline.Oneuniversityoffersbothbachelor’sdegreesandmaster’sdegrees.Officialsaytheytrytoprovidestudentswithasocialexperienceaswellasaneducationalone.Forexample,insomeprograms,groupsofthesamesixstudentsprogressthroughalltheirclassestogether.Theycommunicatebycomputer.Anotheronlineschoolusesaproblem-solvingmethodofteaching.Studentsattempttosolverealproblemsintheirclassesonlineinsteadofreadinginformation.Studentswhohavetakenonlineclassessaytheylikethembecausetheydonothavetotravelt