高中英语语法之过去分词

过去分词ThePastParticiple1构成:动词原形+ed或不规则的变化动词P104-1072过去分词本身的含义:被动或完成abrokenheartalostdogarisensunagrown-updaughteranescapedprisoneraretiredgeneralfadedcolors①不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成fallenleaves落叶returnedstudents归国留学生newly-arrivedvisitors新到的客人②及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动及动作的完成。(与所修饰的词是一种动宾的逻辑关系)thecoldboiledwater冷开水adevelopedcountry过去分词作定语a.过去分词作定语,具有形容词的性质。一般来说：单个过去分词或adv.-p.p作前置定语:Heisarespectedleader.arecently-builthousehome-grownvegetablesman-madefibers过去分词短语作后置定语:Youngpeoplebroughtupinthenewsocietycan’timaginethebitterlifeintheolddays.b.作定语时可用定语从句代替Heisarespectedleader.=Heisaleader__________________.Youngpeoplebroughtupinthenewsocietycan’timaginethebitterlifeintheolddays.=Yongpeople______________________________________can’timaginethebitterlifeintheolddays.whoisrespectedwhowerebroughtupinthenewsociety①过去分词的一般式(已经完成的)Thepatientoperatedonwillsoonbeallowedtogohome.②不定式的被动式(即将发生的)ThepatienttobeoperatedonisMr.Smith.③-ing的被动式(正在进行的)beingdoneThepatientbeingoperatedonisMr.Smith.※ThepatienthavingbeenoperatedonisMr.Smith.(×)→ThepatientoperatedonisMr.Smith.(√)1.Pricesofdailygoods_____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying2.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.HavingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written3.Witheverythingsheneeded_____,theladywenthomehappily.AboughtBtobeboughtCbuyingDbeingbought4.TheOlympicGames,_________in776BC,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.AfirstplayingBtobefirstplayedCfirstplayedDtobefirstplaying5.Thematter______atthenextmeetingisveryimportant.AdiscussedBbeingdiscussedCtobediscussedDbediscussed6.Thegirl_____inredismyseconddaughter.A.dressingB.dressedherselfC.dressedD.isdressing7.Icouldn’tunderstandthelanguage_______inthatcountry.A.tospeakB.speakingC.tobespokenD.spoken8.Thegroundis_____with______leaves.A.covering,fallingB.covered,fallingC.covered,fallenD.covering,fallen过去分词作表语Shelookedworried.Iaminterestedinthebook.Hewaslostinthought.Thedoorremainedlocked.be动词和系动词1、be动词2、表示变化的动词:become,get,turn,go,grow等3、感官动词:look,feel,smell,taste,sound等4、还有seem,appear,stay,keep,remain,turnout等有的已成为固定搭配：becoveredwithbelostinthoughtbecaughtintherainbeseparatedfrombeinterestedinbeabsorbedin被……覆盖陷入沉思被雨淋从……分离对…感兴趣专心致志于…过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感觉、感受或事物自身的状态；现在分词作表语则多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人…”Hebecamediscouraged.Thesituationprovesdiscouraging.Thestorytheyheardovertheradiowasverymoving.Shewasmovedbyhisspeech.Competethesentencesusingtherightformofthegivenverb.1.Ihadnothingtodo.Iwas________(bore)andlonely.2.Jacklookedevenmore_______(amaze)thanhefelt.3.Theresultswerevery_____________(disappoint).4.Iwasthankedbythe___________(satisfy)customer.5.Thegirl_________(dress)inredismydaughter.6.Alicereadtheletterwitha____________(puzzle)expressiononherface.boredamazeddisappointingsatisfieddressedpuzzled系表结构和被动结构Thislakeisbadlypolluted.Thislakeisbadlypollutedbyapapermill.(系表结构)(被动结构)系表结构表示主语所处的状态,被动语态则表示主语所承受的动作.过去分词的基本特点：1.从语态上讲：过去分词一般表被动。2.从时态上讲：过去分词表示已经完成的动作；过去分词专练A)用所给动词的适当形式填空。(10分)1．Pleaseremain________(seat);thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon．2．When__________(complete)，themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear．3．Withalotofdifficultproblems________(settle)，thenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime．4．Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_________(carry)outthenextyear．5．________(Found)in1636，HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates．6．Somethingiswrongwithmywatch．Imusthaveit_______(repair)．7．Didyougototheparty____(hold)onNewYear'sEve？seatedcompletedtosettlecarriedFoundedrepairedheld8．IwaswalkinginthestreetwhenIheardmyname______(call)．9．Theteacherenteredtheclassroom，________(follow)bytwostudents．10．Well______(begin)ishalf______(do)．11．Whatevershesaid，shecouldn'tmakeherself___________(understand)．12．______(Speak)Englishisdifferentfrom_______(write)Englishinmanyways．13．Things______(see)fromadistanceappearrathersmall．14．Childrenliketodrinkcold_______(boil)waterespeciallyinsummer．15．______(See)fromthespace，theGreatWalllookslikeadragon．16．Didaman______(call)WangLinringmeupthismorning？calledfollowedbegundoneunderstoodSpokenwrittenseenboiledSeencalledB)改正下列句子中的错误。(5分)1．I'msorrytohearthatyourclassmatedidn'tarriveontimeasaskingto．2．TheshopownerwillgetalltheseorderedTVsetstobedeliveredtothecustomerstoday．3．Defeatedthreetimesinaround，theboxerdecidedtogiveupfighting．4．Pretendedtolookfrightened，sheclosedhereyes．5．MostoftheartistsinvitingtothepartywerefromJapan．6．Thethiefwastakenawaywithbothhishandsbeingtied．7．Shewassosadthatshespentthewholedaylockinginherownroom．．asking→asked去掉tobeDefeated→HavingbeendefeatedPretended→Pretendinginviting→invitedbeingtied-tiedlocking→lockedRewritethefollowingsentenceswiththePastParticiple1．Thecastle，whichhadbeenburntinthesixteenthcentury，wasneverrebuilt．2．AfterIhadputdownmynewspaper，Iwalkedovertothewindowandlookedout．3．Sincethedirectorwasstruckbyhissincerity，thedirectorwantedtoseehimagain．burntinthesixteenthcenturyHavingputdownmynewspaper，Iwalkedovertothewindowandlookedout．Struckbyhissincerity，thedirectorwantedtoseehimag