基于PLC的热水供应控制系统设计

毕业设计说明书题目：基于PLC的热水供应控制系统设计院（系）：机电工程学院专业：机械设计制造及自动化学生姓名：何冠霖学号：1101110614指导教师单位：机电工程学院姓名：郭中玲职称：高级工程师题目类型：理论研究实验研究工程设计工程技术研究软件开发2014年12月27日摘要本课题设计研究的主要方向改变传统的人工控制锅炉操作，适用于生活、工业环境，加入PLC设计热水供应的自动化控制够能满足基本控制功能，有效的节约了劳动力。按照设计要求完成系统控制流程图，控制系统电气原理图和外部使用接线图。当前，国内工厂使用的都是需要人工操作控制锅炉，设备简陋，存在许多弊端。工业锅炉是一个整体的设备，有许多的控制变量和控制变量，干扰因素也很多，很明显，修改系统复杂的参数是非常复杂的事。改造庞大复杂的工业锅炉控制系统，按照之前的的控制方法，是达不到理想的控制效果。于是，加入可编程序控制器设计控制系统，配合PID控制算法，能使当前工业锅炉控制系统才能获得最佳控制效果，以达到优化技术指标，提高经济效益，提高生产率、节约能源、改善劳动条件等。关键词：可编程控制器；工业锅炉；自动控制；PID控制；IIAbstractThistopicdesignmaindirectionofPLCprogrammablecontrollerelectricheatingwaterboilertemperatureforautomaticcontrol,pointsoutthekeyPLCismainlydesignedcanmeetbasiccontrolfunction,clearsystemeachworkingprocedure,forsystemI/OdistributionandPLCselection,designrequirementsaccordingtosystemdesignrenderingsystemcontrolladderdiagram,drawoutofthecontrolsystemelectricaldiagramandthewiringdiagram.Atpresent,thedomesticmostindustrialboilerareartificiallycontrolled,orsimpleinstrumentsingle-loopregulationsystem,fuelwastegreatly.Industrialboilerasadeviceoverall,therearemanycontrolledquantityandcontrolquantity,disturbancefactorarealsomany,manybetweentheparametersobviouslyexistcomplexcoupled.Forindustrialboilerthiscomplexsystem,duetoitsinternalenergyconversionmechanismoverlycomplex,theconventionalway,difficulttoachieveidealcontroleffect,therefore,mustbeusingintelligentcontrolmodecontrol,canobtaintheoptimalcontroleffect.Adoptingadvancedcontrolalgorithm,inordertoachieveoptimizationtechniqueindex,improvingeconomicefficiency,improvelaborproductivity,energysaving,improveworkingconditions.Keywords:PLC;Industrialboiler;Automaticcontrol;temperature;桂林电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）专用报告纸第1页共36页目录1绪论.................................................................................................................21.1引言..............................................................................................................................21.2研究背景现状.............................................................................................................21.3研究的内容..................................................................................................................31.4电热水锅炉系统的简介.............................................................................................42可编程序控制器（PLC）简介.....................................................................52.1PLC的基本组成...........................................................................................................62.1.1可编程序控制的工作原理...............................................................................82.1.2可编程序控制器的特点...................................................................................92.1.3可编程序控制器应用领域.............................................................................102.1.4FX2N-4AD模数转化模块..............................................................................112.1.5FX2N-2DA模拟量输出模块..........................................................................113电热水锅炉温度控制系的设计方案...........................................................123.1PID控制的原理.........................................................................................................123.2比例积分微分调节器（PID）.................................................................................133.3PID控制器的参数整定.............................................................................................153.3.1衰减振荡法PID控制器参数整定................................................................153.3.2用经验法整定调节器的参数.........................................................................153.3.3响应曲线法PID控制器参数整定................................................................164系统硬件的设计方案...................................................................................174.1系统硬件设计...........................................................................................................174.1.1PLC的选型......................................................................................................174.1.2PLC硬件控制框图..........................................................................................174.1.3各单元功能作用介绍.....................................................................................184.1.4PLC的端口分配..............................................................................................224.1.5系统电路的设计.............................................................................................235系统软件设计方案.......................................................................................245.1软件组成...................................................................................................................245.1.1系统控制流程图.............................................................................................245.2设计PLC控制原理（梯形图程序）.......................................................................266可编程序控制器维护和检修.......................................................................26结论...............................................................................................................