新世纪大学英语综合教程第一册Unit7

Topic-relatedPredictionsDiscussionWarm-upQuestionsGenerationGapTheterm“generationgap”firstcameintoprominenceinWesterncountriesduringthe1960’s.Itwasusedtodescribetheculturaldifferencesbetweenthebabyboomers(thosewhowerebornjustafterWorldWarII)andtheirparents.Severalexamplesofgenerationaldifferenceswereprominentduringtheperiod.Rockmusicandsoulmusic(灵乐),popularamongtheyoung,weremostlydetestedbytheirelders.Longhaironyoungmaleswasfrequentlyseenasashockingactofrebellionagainstsocietalnormsbytheirparents.Sometraditionalmores(习俗)werecrumbling.Andmanyyoungpeople“droppedout”intothehippie(嬉皮士)counterculture.Acommoncatchphraseoftheeraamongyoungpeoplewas“don’ttrustanyoneover30.”■Theinfluenceofthebabyboomerswassosignificantthattheentiregenerationwasnamed“ManoftheYear”byTimemagazinein1966.Sincethen,theterm“generationgap”hasbeenusedtodescribedifferencesinculturalnormsbetweenayoungergenerationandtheirelders.Itoccurswhenolderandyoungerpeopledonotunderstandeachotherbecauseoftheirdifferentexperiences,opinions,habitsandbehavior.■Directions:Ingroupsofthreeorfour,discussthefollowingtopic:1.Whatarethekeyfactorsthatcontributetoeffectiveface-to-facecommunication?2.Whatkindofpersonswouldyouliketomakefriendswith?3.Supposeyouhavetwoclassmates.Oneofthemisverytalkativebutseldomlistens,whiletheotherseemsagoodlistenerwhospeakslittle.Whichonedoyoulikebetter?4.Doyouconsideryourselfagoodlistener?Doyouhopeotherstolistentoyouattentivelywhenyouarespeakingorexplainingsomething?Topic-relatedPredictionsCompoundDictationDiscussionWarm-upQuestionsBackgroundInformationPartDivisionoftheTextFurtherUnderstandingTextAnalysisPartsParagraphsMainIdeas12312~45~7Theriseoftheissue:people’scomplaintsaboutothers’notlistening;thepossibleconsequencesoftheproblem.Theanalysisofthereasonsforthefailureincommunication:misunderstandingresultingfrompoorlistening.Howwecanbegoodlisteners.48Conclusion:restatementoftheimportanceoflistening.1.Howdoestheauthorbeginthetext?Thethreeparallelrhetoricalquestions,allbeginningwith“Howoften”,actuallyimplythatfailureinlisteningmayleadtogreatharm.Theauthorbeginsthetextbyputtingforththecommonphenomenonthatpeoplecomplainaboutothers’notlisteningtothem.2.Whatpurposedothethreeparallelquestionsserve?ForPart1QuestionsandAnswersPartDivisionoftheTextFurtherUnderstandingTextAnalysis1.ScanParagraphs2~4andprovideasummaryforeachparagraph.Paragraph2:Differencesinopinionormisunderstandingmayaccountforhumanconflicts.Paragraph3:Thoughtechnologydoeshelpfacilitatehumancommunication,thereissomethingwrongwiththeirlisteningability.Paragraph4:Goodlisteningisnotassimpleasitmightseem.ForPart2SkimmingandScanningPartDivisionoftheTextFurtherUnderstandingTextAnalysisF1.Whenitcomestolistening,physicaldistractionstendtobemoredifficulttoovercomethanmentaldistractions.Mentaldistractionsaremuchmoredifficulttoovercome.()T2.Lackofinterestinthetopicmayleadthelistenertoskipunconsciouslypartofwhatthespeakerissaying.()F3.Aspeaker’sthinkingisusuallyfasterthanalistener’s;therefore,weshouldspeakslowlyandclearlywhencommunicatingwithothers.Alistener’sthinkingisusuallyfasterthanaspeaker’s;therefore,weshouldbepatientandattentivewhenwelistentootherstalking.()T4.Incommunication,appearanceandimpressionmayaffectlistening.()ForPart3TrueorFalsePartDivisionoftheTextFurtherUnderstandingTextAnalysisThetextendswiththesentence:“Whenwehearpeoplecomplainthatnoonelistenstothemornooneunderstandsthem,weshouldbeabletoprovideanacceptableexplanation.”Whatisthesignificanceofthesentence?Theendingsentenceimpliesthatifyouconsidertheauthor’sexplanationacceptable,youshouldpaymoreattentiontolisteningwhencommunicatingwithothers.Inthatway,therewillbemoremutualunderstandingandfewercomplaints.ForPart4QuestionsandAnswersPartDivisionoftheTextFurtherUnderstandingTextAnalysis1.Whatisthethemeofthetext?Flowchart:Listeningplaysanimportantroleinimprovinghumanrelationships.2.Howdoestheauthordevelopthetheme?PartDivisionoftheTextFurtherUnderstandingTextAnalysisTheriseoftheissue(people’scomplaints)Furtherreason:lackofgoodlisteningHowtobeagoodlistenerConclusion↓↓↓↓Thereasons:differencesinopinion;misunderstanding↓HowWellCanWeListen?KathleenT.McWhorterDetailedReadingItisnotuncommontohearpeoplecomplainingthatnoonelistenstothemandnooneunderstandsthem.Suchcomplaintscomenotonlyfromkidsbutalsofromadults.Howoftenisthisavitalcauseinthefailureofpersonalrelationships?Howoftendoesitcontributetobrokenhomes?Howoftendowehearofamarriedcouplewhofailtohavecommunication,orofchildrenwhofeeldeserted?Itseemssomethingmusthavegonewrong.Expertstendtoresorttotheterm“generationgap”toexplaintheconflictsbetweenparentsandchildren.Canthistermbeappliedtothecasesmentionedabove?Thoughtheremightberoomforhesitationintheadoptionofitwhen“generation”istakenintoaccount,itisfarfromwrongtoborrowtheDetailedReadingrestinmakingananalysis.Thereareboundtobedifferences,orgaps,intheopinionsoftwopeoplethatgiverisetoconflicts,andwaystoreducethemarebynomeanseasytobesought,butitisequallytruetosaythatthereisboundtobeasolutiontoeveryproblem.Partofthesolutiontohumanconflictsistoavo