简析初高中英语语法与练习

四维教育·高中英语Susan语法与练习-1-语法专题专题一冠词专题八非谓语动词专题十五状语从句专题二名词专题九动词和动词短语专题十六倒装句和省略句专题三代词专题十动词的时态专题十七强调句专题四数词专题十一动词的语态专题十八虚拟语气专题五形容词和副词专题十二句子种类专题十九主谓一致专题六介词专题十三名词性从句专题二十直接引语和间接专题七情态动词专题十四定语从句四维教育·高中英语Susan语法与练习-2-专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1.冠词的位置考点示例1such／what／many／rather／quite+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词quiteasmallhouse2how／however／so／too／as／that／this十形容词+a(u)+单数可数名词soniceagirl3both／all／half／twice／double+the+名词twicethesizeoftheroom4halfa(n）或ahalf+单数可数名词Halfanhour／ahalfhour2.不定冠词考点示例1表示泛指，与any同义Asquarehasfoursides．2表示数量“一”，与one同义，但其数的概念不如one强烈Hewillbebackinaweek．3表示“相同的”，与thesame同义Birdsofafeatherflocktogether．4表示“每一个”，与every，each，per同义Ivisitmyfatheronceamonth．5表示“某一”，与acertain同义AMrSmithiswaitingtoseeyou．6表示“像……似的”，与onelike同义HeisaLeiFenginourclass．7用在某些物质名词前表示“一种、‘一阵、一份、一场”等Wehadaheavyrainlastnight．8用在某些抽象名词前，使其具体化Youareagreathelptoyourmother．3.定冠词考点示例1特指上文提到过的、谈话双方都清楚的、受定语修饰的人或物Therelmetaforeignerandtheforeignerhelpedmealot./Doyouknowthemanstandingbythewindow?2用于单数名词前，指一类事物Thelionisawildanimal.3用于乐器名称前theviolin/thepiano4用于世界上独一无二的事物前thesun/theearth/theworld5与某些形容词连用表示一类人therich/theyoung/theaged6在字数词和最高级前thefirstonetocometoschool／thebeststudentinourclass四维教育·高中英语Susan语法与练习-3-4.零冠词5.英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。1.infrontof在……（外）的前面;inthefrontof在……（内）的前面There’sagardeninfrontoftheclassroom.There’sablackboardinthefrontoftheclassroom.2.inchargeof掌管；负责;inthechargeof在……负责之下Anexperiencedworkerisinchargeoftheproject.Theprojectisinthechargeofanexperiencedworker.3.attable在用饭；吃饭时;atthetable在桌旁Heseldomtalksattable.Theysatatthetable,talkingandlaughing.4.byday白天；日间;bytheday按日计Heworksinanofficebyday.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesgetpaidbytheday.5.takeplace发生；举行;taketheplace代替；接替Whendidthisconversationtakeplace?ElectrictrainhasnowtakentheplaceofsteamtrainsinEngland.6.inwords用言语;inaword总之Pleaseexpressyourthoughtinwords.Inaword,Idon’ttrustyou.7在江河湖海、山脉群岛、海峡海岸的地名中TheChangjiangRiver/theWestLake/theEnglishChannel8在表示姓氏的复数名词前、逢整十数词的复数前play(the)piano／theBrowns／inthe1920s/9在表示国家的形容词前，泛指该国的人民.theChinese/theEnglish10用在一些习惯用语中inthemorning/thedayaftertomorrow/thedaybeforeyesterday/thenextyear考点示例1专用名词和不可数名词前China,America,GradeOne,ClassTwo2名词前已有this,that,my,your,some,any等Godownthisstreet.3当复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指时Wearestudents./Ilikereadingstories.4成对名词连用时dayafterday／facetoface5在球类、棋类、学科、语言、三餐名词前playbasketball／playchess／likephysics.speakEnglish／atlunch6在季节、月份、某些含Day的节假日、星期等名词前AutumnisthebestseasoninBeijing.／inMay／NewYear’sDay／OnSunday7在某些习惯用语中的名词前Atnoon／bybus／bytelephone/inbed,intime/gotobed/gotocollege四维教育·高中英语Susan语法与练习-4-7.attimes有时；不时;atatime一次Idofeelalittlenervousattimes.Passmethebrickstwoatatime.8.little少；不多的;alittle一些；一点点Hurryup,there’slittletimeleft.Don’thurry,youstillhavealittletime.9.few很少；几乎没有的;afew有些；几个Heisamanoffewwords.Onlyafewofthechildrencanread.10.amostinteresting非常有趣的;themostinteresting最有趣的（形容词的最高级）Thisisamostinterestingstory.Thisisthemostinterestingstoryofthethree.11.adoctorandnurse一位医生兼护士;adoctorandanurse一位医生和一位护士Adoctorandnurseisstandingthere.Adoctorandanursearestandingthere.12.Anumberof许多；好些;thenumberof…（的）数目Anumberofstudentsareintheclassroom.Thenumberofstudentsintheclassroomisforty.II、实战演练（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”.1.---Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?---Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn't______Mr.Smithhere.2.Iknowyoudon'tlike_______musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkof_______musicinthefilmwesawyesterday?3.---Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover______keyboard.---Youshouldn'tputdrinksnear________computer.4.Ofall_______reasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather'sadvicewas_______mostimportantone.5.Accordingto_________WorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent_________spreadofAIDS.6..Forhim____stageisjust___meansofmakingaliving.7.Ithinkitreally_______honorformetospeakhere..8.Thislabusedtobein_______chargeofMr.Wang.9Iknowthereis______Mr.Smithnextdoor,whohasgoneon________business.10Hedevotesmostofhistimeto_______football.AndIamsurehepromises________excellentfootballer.11Don’tloseheart.Pleasehave______secondtry.12Thosewhoarerichshouldhelp______poor.13Whenstealingthethiefwascaughtby______armbyapoliceman.14Insomefactoriesworkersgetpaidby______piece.15Itisabadhabittogotoworkwithout______breakfast.16Johnis_______universitystudentfrom______Europeancountry.17Teachersplay_______activeandimportantpartinbuildingupstudents’character.18_______Zhangsliveonthesecondfloor.四维教育·高中英语Susan语法与练习-5-19Cottonisgrownin_______northofChina.20Itisknowntousallthat_______lighttravelsfasterthan_______sound.21Atowerisseenin_______distance.22Incaseoffirepleasepress_______redbutton.23Shenzhenhas________populationofmorethan10million.24_______daysIspentwithCatherineinBeijingweresowonderful.25Abullethitthesoliderandhewaswoundedin______leg.26Helovedwritingandhisfirstnovelwas______greatsuccesswhenitcameout.27Mybrotherwasbornin_______springof1990.28Mr.Smithis______mostlearnedscholarandyoucanturntohimforhelp.29Howsweetlyshesings!Ihaveneverheard_______bettervoice.30Beij