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分类•冠词•名词•代词•形容词•副词•数词•介词•Can句型•Therebe句型•动词•时态一、冠词1、基本用法:•不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面,表示“一”的意义,但不强调数目观念,只表示名词为不特定者。•定冠词则表示名词为特定者,表示“这”,“那”,“这些”,“那些”的意思,在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。•第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词a或an,表示泛指。再次提到某人或某物时,用定冠词the,特指上文提到的人、事或物。如:Thereisapenandapencilinmypencil-case.Thepenisredandthepencilisblack.不定冠词:a,an定冠词:the2、A与an的用法区别:a用于辅音音素前(辅音音素指的是发音,不是指辅音字母),如:auniversitystudent而an则用于元音音素前(不是元音字母),如:anegg,anorange,anonion.1)[i:]sea2)[i]sit3)[e]bed4)[ae]bad5)[a:]car6)[כ]hot,want7)[כ:]door8)[u:]good9)[u]look10)[∧]cup11)[ə:]girl12)[ə]Saturday13)[ei]cake14)[ai]bike15)[əu]cold16)[au]house17)[כi]boy18)[iə]dear19)[ə]care20)[uə]tour3、定冠词与零冠词的用法区别:•在序数词和形容词的最高级前面用the,如:Thelibraryisonthefirstfloor.Summeristhehottestseasonoftheyear.•在乐器名词前用the,表示演奏,如:playthepiano,playtheviolin,playtheguitar等。•在球类、三餐前通常不用冠词,如:playfootball,playbaseball,eatlunch,eatdinner等。•在月份、星期、季节等名词的前面通常不用冠词,如:inJan.,onMonday,insummer等。Exercise:1.Gilbertis________Italiantaxidriver.2.Sheis_______housewife.3.I'm________English.4.He's________Americanpoliceman.5.Helikes______bookinhisshelf.6.Robertis________engineer.7.Heisplaying________violin.8.Heisplaying______football.9.Sophieison________secondfloor.10.Shewillcomebackon___Monday.ananananathethethe///二、名词可数名词和不可数名词变化规则例词一般情况下在词尾加-sbook---bookspen---pens以-s/-x/-ch/-sh结尾的名词在词尾加-esbox---boxesbus---buses以辅音字母加-y结尾的单词,要变y为i,再加-esfamily---familiesbaby---babies(以元音字母加-y结尾的单词直接加-s:boy---boyskey---keys)以f或fe结尾的词,多数把f或fe变为v,再加-esleaf---leavesknife---knives以o结尾的词,有生命的加-es,无生命的加-stomato---tomatoespotato---potatoeszoo--zoosphoto---photos•名词复数形式的规则变化:•名词复数形式的特殊变化:1.改变中间元音字母,如:man---menwoman---womenfoot---feetgoose---geesetooth---teeth2.词尾发生变化,如:child---children3.单、复数形式相同,如:fish---fish,sheep---sheep,deer---deer名词所有格(1)表示有生命的人或物的名词所有格形式,一般用’s表示。一般在单数名词的词尾加’s,如:ChenJie’smother.以s结尾的复数名词只加’,不以s结尾的复数名词要加’s,如:Thestudents’bagsThechildren’spresents(2)表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人名字后加’s,如果表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后加’s。如:JimandMike'sroom(共用)的房间,Jim'sandMike'srooms(各自)的房间(3)表示无生命的事物的所有格形式:名词+of+所有者,如:apictureofmyroom•写出下列各词的复数I____him____this_____her______child_____photo____diary____day_____foot____book____dress_____tooth_______sheep______box_____peach______man_____woman_____paper_______juice______water________milk_______wethemthesetheirchildrenphotosfeetbooksdressesdiariesdayssheepboxespeachesmenwomenjuicepapermilkwaterteethThisis_______________class.(Amy和Mike的)Theyare_______________classes.女人的裙子:_____________警察的的帽子:____________三、代词格人称数主格宾格单数第一人称Ime第二人称youyou第三人称hehimsheheritit复数第一人称weus第二人称youyou第三人称theythem•人称代词人称代词物主代词指示代词Heistallerthanme.Herhairislongerthanmine.myhair形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别:Herhairislongerthanmine.myhair有名则形,无名则名。如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词,就不能再用冠词(a,an,the)、指示代词(this,that,these,those)等修饰词了。例如:这是他的书桌。Thisishisdesk.与形容词一起修饰名词时,形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。如:hisEnglishbooks他的英语书,theirChinesefriends他们的中国朋友。It'sabird.ItsnameisPolly.它是一只鸟。它的名字叫波利。He'sastudent.Hismotherisateacher.三、代词格人称数主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词单数第一人称Imemymine第二人称youyouyouryours第三人称hehimhishissheherherhersitititsits复数第一人称weusourours第二人称youyouyouryours第三人称theythemtheirtheirs•物主代词this/these指空间上较近的事物;that/those指空间上较远的事物。•指示代词Exercise:从括号内选择正确的代词填空1.Yourfootballclothesareonthedesk.Pleaseput_________(they,them,their,theirs)away.2.(We,Us,Our,Ours)_________EnglishteacherisMrs.Green.Wealllike_________(she,her,hers).3.(I,Me,My,Mine)_________can’tgetmykite.Couldyouhelp_________(I,me,my,mine)?4.Tomcan’tgetdownfromthetree.Canyouhelp_________(he,him,his)?5.Wecan’tfindourbikes.Canyouhelp_________(we,us,our,ours)?6.______(This,These)are_________(he,him,his)planes.Thewhiteonesare_________(I,me,mine).themOurherImehimusThesehismine四、形容词和副词1、形容词的比较级:A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B形容词比较级的变化规则:①一般在词尾加-er,如:tall--taller,strong--stronger.②以不发音的e结尾时加-r,如:fine--finer,late--later.③以辅音字母加-y结尾时,先改y为i再加-er,如:funny--funnier,heavy--heavier.④以重读闭音节结尾并且词末只有一个辅音字母时,双写最后的字母再加-er,如:big--bigger,thin--thinner,hot--hotterYouaretallerthanyourmother.2.副词可以分为:•时间副词,如:now,yesterday,today等;•频度副词,如:often,usually,never,sometimes,always等;•程度副词,如:very,too,much,so等。Yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,3daysago,lastMonday,lastweekend,lastnight,lastmonth,lastyear,justnow,onmyholiday,yesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening/.•1.Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme.•2.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.•3.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.•4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?•5.Mary’shairisas__________(long)asLucy’s.7.Ben______(jump)________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.•6.Myeyesare__________(big)than________(she)..7.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?8.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?基数词:表示数目(多少)的数词。OneTwoThreeFourFiveSixSevenEightNineTenElevenTwelveThirteenFourteenFifteenSixteenSeventeenEighteenNineteenTwentyTwenty-oneTwenty-twoThirtyFortyFiftySixtySeventyEightyNinetyAhundred年龄和时间的表达用基数词。五、数词Learnthesenumbersandfindouttherules:一起找规律1stfirst2ndsecond3rdthird4thfourth5th6th7th8theighth9thninth10thfifthsixthseventhtenth11theleventh12thtwelfth13th14th15th16th17th18th19th20thtwentieththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenth21sttwe
本文标题:pep人教版小学英语毕业语法复习
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