经典课件-高中英语定语从句

TheAttributiveclauseTeachingAims1.LearnthebasicconceptsaboutattributiveClause2.LearnhowtochoosethecorrectrelativepronounsandproverbsUnderlinetheattributiveclauses:Don’tforgetthethingsthatonceyouowned.Treasurethethingsthatyoucan’tget.Don'tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyouandkeepthoselostthingsinmemory.曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。在复合句中，修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，充当_______使用。形容词Don'tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyou先行词关系代词定语从句Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词定语从句☆被定语从句限定的词是_______，引导定语从句的词叫做________或_________。“先行词”“关系代词”“关系副词”关系词的作用☆关系代词和关系副词有三大作用：1._____（连接定语从句和主句）2._____（替代前面的先行词）3.______（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。连接替代做成分relativepronoun关系代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthataswhose定语从句三步法：1.找出先行词2.看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（作什么成分？主语、宾语、定语或状语）3.选择合适的关系词考点一：that和which以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。1.先行词为不定代词everything，little,much，all，anything，nothing,none,few时,3.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，先行词被all,any,every,little,much,no,some,theonly，thevery，thelast修饰时，2.先行词同时指人和指物时，4.在以which/who为疑问词的特殊疑问句中1.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom2.Thereisnodictionary_____youcanfind.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat3.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.itB./C.whichD.that4.Whichwasthehotel_____wasrecommendedtoyou?A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it先行词为人和物的组合先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等时。若主句中有疑问代词who或者which，为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。考点二：以下情况只能用which引导定语从句。1.引导非限制性定语从句时,其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。3.句子中同时有两个定语从句，其中一个已经用了that引导时2.先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时（介词+关系代词+定语从句）非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。Thehouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasalovelygarden.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.注意：整个主句作为先行词,谓语动词用第三人称单数—————————————————————————Theschool______________heoncestudiedisveryfamous.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句：注意：1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等Thisisthewatch（which/that）Iamlookingfor.2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指物时只能用which；指人时只能用whomThemanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.Theschool___________heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theman(whom)youtalkedwithismyfriend.(that/which)inwhich/where考点三：关系代词as的用法一、as引导限制性定语从句主句中thesame,as,such,so修饰先行词，as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。有“如，似，正像”的含义主要结构有：thesame…as;as…as;such…as;so…asDon’ttrustsuchmenaspraiseyoutoyourface.(指人，作主语）Wehavearrivedatthesameconclusionastheyhave.（指物，作宾语）Thisisthesamepen______Ilostyesterday.A.asB.thatC.theoneD.A&BD比较：...thesamepenasIlost....thesamepenthatIlost.很像，不一定就是就是我不见的那支笔☆thesame…as表示同一类人或物；thesame…that指同一个人或物二、引导非限制性定语从句⑴as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于句首，句中或句尾Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.Theearth,asweknow,movesroundthesun.Tomworkshardandiswillingtohelpothers,asweallknow.⑵非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，常用as做主语besaid/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussedGrammar,ashasbeensaidbefore,isnotasetofdeadrules.Asisknowntoall,TaiwanispartofChina.注意：which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。Tomsuddenlyfellill,whichmadeussad.考点四：whose用法既可以修饰指人也可以修饰指物的先行词。关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格,例：DoyouknowanyonewhosefamilyisinXi’an?Thehousewhosewindowsarebrokenisempty.DoyouknowanyonethefamilyofwhomisinXi’an?DoyouknowanyoneofwhomthefamilyisinXi’an?whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whomthe+名词注意：of不具有所属关系时，不能用whoseShewouldliketoreadthenovelofwhichagreatnumberofpeoplehaveheard.考点五:way后面的定语从句way后面的定语从句作状语的引导词有：inwhich/that或不填，如：Irecognizedhe’sfromAustraliafromtheway_____________________hespeaks.inwhich(that/不填)填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺状语缺宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺:引导词用that/inwhich/不填Relativeadverb关系副词指代所充当的句子成分whenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状语地点状语原因状语关系副词=介词+关系代词why=forwhichwhere=in/at/onwhichwhen=during/on/in/……which（介词同先行词搭配）Thisisthehouseinwhich/whereIlivedlastyear.Thisisthereasonforwhich/whyhewaslateforschool.That'sthedayonwhich/whenImethiminthestreet.Summary先行词充当_____、_____或_____，则用关系代词先行词充当______，则用关系副词that,who,whom,which,as,whosewhere,when,why主语宾语定语状语1.I’llneverforgetthedays_____________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays______wespenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplace______________Iworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_______Ivisitedtenyearsago.when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhich几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词which5.Thisisthereason_____________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason__________hegave.why/forwhichthat/which及物动词1).a.Isawsometrees,andtheleavesof_______wereblackwithdisease.b.Isawsometrees,theleavesof______wereblackwithdisease.2).a.Theprofessorisalittleman,onthenoseof______thereisapairofglasses.b.Theprofessorisalittleman,andonthenoseof______thereisapairofglasses解题点拨:是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。themwhomwhichhim____高考考点—易混句型定语从句与并列句____定语从句练习1.Tom,_______fatherworksasamanagerismybestfriend.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.where2.____weexpected,theweatherturnedouttobeverygoodA.whatB.whichC.thatD.as3.Pleasetakethesecondchair_______isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that4.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich5.Doyouknowtheman?A.thatIspokeB.Ispo