9月23日温家宝总理接受CNN专访全文

9月23日温家宝总理接受CNN专访全文9月23日CNN，“FAREEDZAKARIAGPS”栏目主持人Zakaria(以下称为Z)专访温家宝（以下称为温）FAREEDZAKARIA,HOST,FAREEDZAKARIAGPS:Doyoufeelthattheglobaleconomyis,atthispoint,stableandstrong?Ordoyouworryalotthatthereisadangeroftheso-calleddoubledip,thattheUnitedStates,inparticular,couldgobackintoarecession?Z：你认为当前全球经济形势是稳定，而且充满活力的吗？你是否担心出现所谓的“二次探底”，导致美国经济再一次进入衰退？PREMIERWENJIABAO,CHINA(throughtranslator):Well,objectivelyspeaking,Ithinktheworldeconomyisrecovering,althoughtheprocessofrecoveryisaslowandtorturousone.Peoplemaynothavethesameviewonthismatter,butIbelievewewilllearnalessonfromthereality.IhopethattherewillbeaquickrecoveryoftheU.S.economy,because,afterall,theU.S.economyisthelargestintheworld.IhavetakennoteoftherecentpoliciesandmeasurestakenbyPresidentObama,includingtheprogramofdoublingtheUnitedStatesexportsandthemassiveinvestmentininfrastructuraldevelopment.Ithinkthesepassesandmeasuresaretheonesontherighttrack,movingintherightdirection.Althoughtheycamealittlebitlate,theystillcameintime.ThisremindsmeofthetimewhenItookthebigdecisionofadvancingamassivestimuluspackageinChina.Backthen,peoplehaddifferentviewsconcerningthispolicy.Butnow,theprogresshasshownthatourstimuluspackageisasuccessfulone.温：客观的说，我认为当前全球经济正在复苏，尽管这个复苏的过程有些漫长，充满曲折。不同的人有不同的看法，但是我相信现实给我们好好上了一课。我希望美国经济能够快速的恢复，因为美国经济实力毕竟是世界上最强大的。奥巴马总统最近的一些经济政策，包括美国出口倍增以及对基础设施大量投资的计划，是解决问题的正确之道。尽管这些政策来得稍晚了一些，但总算及时。这让我想起了我决定四万亿投资刺激中国经济的时候。当时人们对这一政策有着各式各样的看法，但是现在的经济态势显示我们一揽子刺激计划是有效的，成功的ZAKARIA:Yourstimuluspackagewas10timeslarger,asapercentageofyourGDP,than--thantheU.S.one.Itwasanextraordinaryprogram.Isthereaworrythatithas--ithasproducedabubbleinChina,inrealestate?Aretheredangersofinflationbecausethegovernmentspentsomuchmoney?Andwhathappensnowthatthatstimulusisgoingtowearoff?Therewillbelessandlessgovernmentspending.Z：你的经济刺激计划，从占GDP的百分比来说，是美国计划的十倍，真是一个异乎寻常的举动。是否存在这样的担心，如此巨量的投资将在中国的房地产市场产生泡沫？政府投资了这么多钱，是否会带来通货膨胀呢？现在投资计划减弱了，有没有什么影响？政府的钱会不会不够？WEN:Fromwhatyousaid,Ithinkyouhavenotseenourstimuluspackageinitsfullorinitsentirety.Iwouldliketosaythatourstimuluspackagehasfourkeycomponents.Thefirstismassivepublicspending,structuraltaxcutsandinfrastructuraldevelopment.ThesecondistheadjustmentandupgradingofindustrialstructureinChina.Thethirdisscientificandtechnologicalinnovationandthedevelopmentofemergingindustrieswithstrategicsignificance.Thefourthistheimprovementofsocialsafetynet.The$4trillionRMBYuaninvestmentdoesnotallcomefromthegovernment.Publicfinanceonlyaccountsfor$1.18trillionRMBYuanandtherestwillcomefromthenon-publicsectorandfundraisingfromfinancialmarkets.TheimplementationofthestimuluspackagehasinsuredthecontinuanceofsteadyandrelativelyfasteconomicgrowthinChina.IthashelpedmaintainthegoodmomentumofChina'seconomicdevelopmentinthepast30yearsandithashelpedusavoidmajorfluctuationsintheprocessofChina'smodernizationbecauseofasevereexternalshock.Atthesametime,ithaslaidasolidfoundationforfuturedevelopmentoftheChineseeconomy.Weareonhighalertagainstthechallengethatyoureferredtoinyourquestion.Letmemakethreepoints.First,thereisapossibilityofinflationinChina.Thatiswhywehaveformulatedthetaskofskillfullymanagetherelationsbetweenmaintainingsteadyandrelativelyfasteconomicdevelopment,structuraladjustmentandmanaginginflationexpectations.ThisisatthecoreofChina'smacroeconomiccontrol.IdohaveworryforthemanagementofinflationexpectationsinChina.AndthatissomethingthatIhavebeentryingveryhardtomanageappropriatelyandwell,becauseIbelievecorruptionandinflationwillhaveanadverseimpactonstabilityofpowerinourcountry.Andthesetwobothconcernthetrustandsupportofpeopleinthegovernment.AndthisistheperspectivethatIseetheissueofinflationinChina.Second,withimplementationofthestimuluspackage,therearefiscalandfinancialrisksattheleveloflocalgovernments.Wehavesomefinancingvehiclesoflocalgovernments.Theyhavesomedebts.Butthisisnotanewproblemthattookplaceafterthebreak--outbreakofthefinancialcrisis.Rather,thisalreadycameintobeingbackinthe1980s.Now,withthefinancingplatformsoflocalgovernmentsinplace,theyhaveaccumulatedatotaldebtabout$7.6trillionRMBYuan.AndIcansaythatthisdebt,atthelocallevel,isstillwithinarangethatwecanmanage.Butitisimportantthatweappropriatelyhandlethismattertoensurethatthedebtsatlocalgovernments'levelwillnotbringaboutrisksinourpublicfinanceandinthefinancialsector.TheratioofbudgetdeficitinChina'stotalGDPiswithin3percent.ThetotaldebtsinChinaversusGDP'sratioiswithin20percentrange.Thatistosay,it'sstillintherangethatwecanmanage.Thethirdpointisamoreimportantone,thatis,allourinvestmentnowmustbeconducivetooureconomicstructuraladjustment,notthecontrary.Thisconcernsourlong-termdevelopmentprospectsandthereforeisofhighimportance.温：从你的问题来看，我认为你并没有对我们的刺激计划有一个全面的了解。我们的经济刺激计划有四个重要的组成部分：1.大规模的公共投资，结构性的减税以及基础设施的建设。2.调整和升级产业结构。3.科技创新以及发展有战略意义的新兴产业。4.改进社会保障体系。整个4万亿人民币的投资计划并不是都来自于公共财政，政府只提供其中1.18万亿人民币，余下的会从非公有市场以及金融市场中筹措。刺激计划的实行，保证了中国经济的持续稳定和快速发展。它帮助中国经济能够保持30年来快速发展的好势头，同时也让我们避免了中国现代化进程，由于外部条件剧烈变化而产生大的波动。同时，经济刺激计划为将来中国经济的发展打下了坚实的基础，我们对在你问题中提到的那些挑战保持着高度的警觉。我从三个方面回答你：第一，中国确实存在通货膨胀的风险，这也是我们提出要小心调整好社会稳定、经济快速发展、经济结构调整和管理通胀预期这一重要任务的原因。这是中国宏观经济调控的核心。我对中国