聚合物荧光水凝胶的制备

哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文-I-聚合物荧光水凝胶的制备摘要随着科技的日益进步和社会的发展，为了保护环境，人们越来越意识到使用环保可再生材料的必要性，纤维素是当今自然界中含量相当丰富的资源，而且可再生。纤维素目前已广泛的应用于制备各种化工产品。荧光水凝胶是一种独特的“软材料”，其具备的生物相容性、高度溶胀性、生物可降解性、光学透明性、力学强度等优点使其在医疗上和工农业上等都有广泛的应用。本实验的主要内容为以4-Br-1,8-萘酐为初始原料，使其和乙醇胺反应，引入羟乙基；然后在其萘环4位C上引入给电子取代基烷氧基合成了一系列的4-烷氧基-N-羟乙基-1,8-萘酰亚胺荧光素，在其结构中形成强的吸-供电子共轭体系，从而增强其荧光性能。使用红外光谱确定其结构，用紫外灯表征其荧光现象，用紫外可见光谱分析其荧光性能。先配制7wt%NaOH/12wt%尿素水溶液，然后将其置于冰箱中冷冻至零下12℃，再把纤维素溶解在该溶液之中。然后再以环氧氯丙烷(ECH)为交联剂，制备出纤维素水凝胶；并将各荧光素溶于环氧氯丙烷后加入纤维素溶液中制备荧光水凝胶；然后通过在凝胶网络结构中引入不同分子量的聚乙二醇使其力学性能增强。使用荧光光谱分析其荧光性能，用紫外灯表征其荧光现象，用硬度计测试引入聚乙二醇后的力学性能变化，使其浸泡于蒸馏水中测试其溶胀性。关键词萘酰亚胺；荧光；纤维素；水凝胶哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文-II-PreparationofpolymerfluorescenthydrogelAbstractWiththedevelopmentoftechnologyadvancesandsociety,inordertoprotecttheenvironment,peopleareincreasinglyawareoftheneedforenvironmentallyfriendlyuseofrenewablematerials,celluloseisthenatureoftoday'scontentisquiterichinnaturalresources,andrenewable.Cellulosehasbeenwidelyusedinthepreparationofvariouschemicalproducts.Fluorescenthydrogelisauniquesoftmaterial,Comprisingbiocompatible,highlyswellable,biodegradable,opticaltransparency,mechanicalstrength,etc.makeitthefinestinthemedicalindustryandagriculturearewidelyused.Sincethe1,8-naphthalimidederivativeshavinggoodlightstability,easychemicalmodificationandstrongfluorescence,etc.,itiswidelyusedinagriculture,industryandhealthcareandotherareas.Themaincontentsofthisexperimentisto4-Br-1,8-naphthalicanhydrideasstartingmaterialtomakeandethanolamine,theintroductionofhydroxyethyl;thenintroduceditsfourCnaphthaleneringsubstituentsontheelectronalkoxySynthesisaseriesof4-alkoxy-N-hydroxyethyl-1,8-naphthalimidefluorescein,formedinitsstructureastrongabsorption-electronconjugatedsystem,thusenhancingitsfluorescenceproperties.Usinginfraredspectroscopytodeterminethestructure,characterizethephenomenonoffluorescencebyultravioletlight,UV-visiblespectroscopywithfluorescenceproperties.Firstformulated7wt%NaOH/12wt%ureasolution,andthenplaceitinthefreezertominus12℃,thendissolvedinthesolutionofcelluloseinto.Thenepichlorohydrin(ECH)ascrosslinkingagenttoprepareacellulosehydrogel;andeachofthefluorescenceaftertheprimeepichlorohydrinwasaddeddissolvedinthecellulosesolutionpreparedfluorescenthydrogel;thenit哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文-III-enhancedbytheintroductionofthemechanicalpropertiesofdifferentmolecularweightsinthegelnetworkstructureinpolyethyleneglycol.Fluorescencespectroscopyusingitsfluorescentproperties,characterizethephenomenonoffluorescencebyultravioletlight,theintroductionofmechanicalpropertiesofpolyethyleneglycolwithhardnessaftertesting,soakedindistilledwatertestedforswelling.KeywordsNaphthalimide,Fluorescence,Cellulose,Hydrogels哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文-IV-目录摘要......................................................................................................................IAbstract...............................................................................................................II第1章绪论.........................................................................................................11.1课题背景....................................................................................................11.1.1研究意义.............................................................................................11.2水凝胶材料简介........................................................................................21.2.1水凝胶的特性.....................................................................................21.2.2高分子水凝胶的分类.........................................................................31.3有机荧光材料概述....................................................................................51.3.1芳香稠环化合物.................................................................................51.3.2分子内电荷转移化合物.....................................................................51.3.3金属有机配合物.................................................................................61.4高分子水凝胶材料的应用........................................................................71.5当前高分子水凝胶的制备方法................................................................71.5.1物理方法.............................................................................................71.5.2化学方法.............................................................................................81.5.3本设计的主要内容.............................................................................8第2章纤维素荧光水凝胶.................................................................................92.1纤维素溶剂概况........................................................................................92.1.1NaOH/H2O体系..................................................................................92.1.2氨氧化物溶剂体系.............................................................................92.1.3LiCl/DMAc体系...............................................................................102.1.4离子液体...........................................................................................102.1.5氨基甲酸酯体系...............................................................................102.1.6碱/尿素或硫脲/水体