Q／GDW-392-2009《风电场接入电网技术规定》

Q/GDW392—20092009ICS29.240ICS29.240P备案号：CEC131−2009国家电网公司企业标准Q/GDW392—2009×风电场接入电网技术规定TechnicalRuleforconnectingwindfarmintopowergrid2009-12-22发布2009-12-22实施国家电网公司发布Q/GDWQ/GDW392—20092009I目次前言···································································································································································II1范围···························································································································································12规范性引用文件········································································································································13术语和定义················································································································································14风电场有功功率········································································································································25风电场功率预测········································································································································26风电场无功配置········································································································································27风电场电压················································································································································38风电场低电压穿越····································································································································39风电场运行频率········································································································································410风电场电能质量········································································································································411风电场模型和参数····································································································································512风电场通信与信号····································································································································513风电场接入电网测试································································································································6编制说明···························································································································································7Q/GDW392—20092009II前言根据《关于下达国家电网公司2008年度标准制修订计划（第一批）的通知》（国家电网科[2008]928号）安排，国家电网公司发展策划部组织中国电力科学研究院开展了《风电场接入电网技术规定》编制工作。本标准参考的标准有GB/T12325－2008《电能质量供电电压偏差》、GB12326－2008《电能质量电压波动和闪变》、GB/T14549－1993《电能质量公用电网谐波》、GB/T15945－2008《电能质量电力系统频率偏差》、GB/T15543－2008《电能质量三相电压不平衡》、DL755－2001《电力系统安全稳定导则》、SD325－1989《电力系统电压和无功技术导则》、GB/T20320－2006《风力发电机组电能质量测量和评估方法》、DL/T1040－2007《电网运行准则》。通过对大规模风电接入电网研究及技术成果的分析，结合我国大规模风电接入电网的实际情况和产生的问题，编制本标准。本标准中规定了对通过110（66）kV及以上电压等级线路与电网连接的新建或扩建风电场的技术要求。本标准由国家电网公司发展策划部提出并负责解释。本标准由国家电网公司科技部归口。本标准主要起草单位：中国电力科学研究院。本标准主要起草人：王伟胜、迟永宁、戴慧珠、赵海翔、刘纯、石文辉。Q/GDW392—200920091风电场接入电网技术规定1范围本规定提出了风电场接入电网的技术要求。本规定适用于通过110（66）kV及以上电压等级线路与电网连接的新建或扩建风电场。对于通过其他电压等级与电网连接的风电场，也可参照本规定。2规范性引用文件下列文件中的条款通过本规定的引用而成为本规定的条款。凡是注明日期的引用文件，其随后所有的修改单（不包括勘误的内容）或修订版均不适用于本规定；但鼓励根据本规定达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本规定。GB/T12325电能质量供电电压偏差GB12326电能质量电压波动和闪变GB/T14549电能质量公用电网谐波GB/T15945电能质量电力系统频率偏差GB/T15543电能质量三相电压不平衡DL755－2001电力系统安全稳定导则SD325－1989电力系统电压和无功技术导则GB/T20320－2006风力发电机组电能质量测量和评估方法DL/T1040－2007电网运行准则3术语和定义本标准采用下列术语和定义。3.1风电机组windturbinegeneratorsystem;WTGS将风的动能转换为电能的系统。3.2风电场windfarm；windpowerplant；由一批风电机组或风电机组群（包括机组单元变压器）、汇集线路、主升压变压器及其他设备组成的发电站。3.3风电场并网点pointofconnectionofwindfarm与公共电网直接连接的风电场升压变高压侧母线或节点。3.4公共连接点pointofcommoncoupling用户接入公共电网的连接处。3.5风电场有功功率activepowerofwindfarm风电场输入到并网点的有功功率。3.6风电场无功功率reactivepowerofwindfarm风电场输入到并网点的无功功率。Q/GDW392—2009200923.7有功功率变化activepowerchange单位时间内（1min或10min）风电场有功功率最大值与最小值之间的变化量。3.8风电机组低电压穿越lowvoltageridethroughofwindturbines当电网故障或扰动引起风电场并网点的电压跌落时，在一定的电压跌落范围内，风电机组能够保证不脱网连续运行。4风电场有功功率4.1基本要求风电场应具备有功功率调节能力，能根据电网调度部门指令控制其有功功率输出。为了实现对有功功率的控制，风电场需配置有功功率控制系统，接收并自动执行调度部门远方发送的有功功率控制信号，确保风电场最大有功功率值及有功功率变化值不超过电网调度部门的给定值。4.2有功功率变化限值风电场有功功率变化限值应根据所接入电网的调频能力及其他电源调节特性，由电网调度部门确定。风电场应具有限制其有功功率变化的能力，在风电场并网以及风速增长过程中，风电场有功功率变化应当满足电网调度部门的要求。有功功率变化包括1min有功功率变化和10min有功功率变化。风电场有功功率变化限值的推荐值可参考编制说明中的附表1。以上要求也适用于风电场的正常停机。因风速降低或风速超出切机风速而引起的风电场有功功率变化超出最大有功功率变化限值的情况可以接受。4.3紧急控制在电网紧急情况下，风电场应根据电网调度部门的指令来控制其输出的有功功率，并保证风电场有功控制系统的快速性和可靠性。必要时可通过安全自动装置快速自动切除或降低风电场有功功率。a）电网故障或特殊运行方式下要求降低风电场有功功率，以防止输电设备发生过载，确保电力系统稳定性。b）当电网频率高于50.2Hz时，依据电网调度部门指令降低风电场有功功率，严重情况下可以切除整个风电场。c）若风电场的运行危及电网安全稳定，电网调度部门有权暂时将风电场切除。事故处理完毕，电网恢复正常运行状态后，应尽快恢复风电场的并网运行。5风电场功率预测风电场应配置风电功率预测系统，系统具有0～48h短期风电功率预测以及15min～4h超短期风电功率预测功能。风电场每15min自动向电网调度部门滚动上报未来15min～4h的风电场发电功率预测曲线，预测值的时间分辨率为15min。风电场每天按照电网调度部门规定的时间上报次日0～24时风电场发电功率预测曲线，预测值的时间分辨率为15min。6风电场无功配置6.1无功电源a）风电场的无功电源包括风电机组及风电场无功补偿装置。b）风电场首先充分利用风电机组的无功容量及其调节能力，仅靠风电机组的无功容量不能满足系统电压调节需要的，应在风电场集中加装适当容量的无功补偿装置，无功补偿装置应具有自动电压调节能力。Q/GDW392—2009200936.2无功容量a）风电场的无功容量应按照分（电压）层和分（电）区基本平衡的原则进行配置和运行，并应具有一定的检修备用。b）对于直接接入公共电网的风电场，其配置的容性无功容量