周末if宾语从句和条件状语从句课件[1]

Grammar语法1：正确使用that,if/whether（是否）,who,why等疑问词引导的宾语从句。语法2：if（如果）引导的条件状语从句❀什么是宾语从句？在复合句中做宾语成分的句子叫宾语从句。❀宾语从句的分类、引导词和语序原句式引导词从句语序陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句that不变whether/if改为陈述句语序特殊疑问词改为陈述句语序❀宾语从句的时态主句从句一般现在时保留原来句子的时态或根据实际情况而定一般过去时一般现在时→一般过去时现在进行时→过去进行时一般将来时→过去将来时现在完成时→过去完成时任一时态若表客观事实、普遍真理及自然现象用一般现在时注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）2.Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）3.Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Iwanttoknow__________________________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能来）3.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornot当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.If与whether的区别1.Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.2.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.3.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.4.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.与ornot连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与todo不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whether由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句whenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislatewhocouldanswerthequestionwhosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass1.Heasked__________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他们在等谁）3.Heasked__________________________________.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我们什么时候开会）5.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪儿）6.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我该怎么去车站）7.Wouldyoutellme_________________（为什么火车迟到了）whomtheyarewaitingfor把下列句子连成带宾从的复合句：1.Yousuckedyourfingeragain.(Ihear….)2.Theywillgoshoppingtomorrow.(Hetoldme…).3.Whosebikeisthis?(Doesanyoneknow…)4.Whowentfishingyesterday?(Heasked…)Ihearthatyousuckedyourfingeragain.Doesanyoneknowwhosebikethisis?Hetoldmethattheywouldgoshoppingtomorrow.Heaskedwhowentfishingyesterday.•5.Howoldishe?(Shedoesn’tknow…)•6.HashereturnedtoAmerica?(Iwanttoknow…)•7.CanMikedriveacar?(Couldyoutellus…)•8.DidAliceworkouttheproblembyherself?(Pleasetellme…)Shedoesn’tknowhowoldheis.IwanttoknowifhehasreturnedtoAmerica.CouldyoutellusifMikecandriveacar?PleasetellmeifAliceworkedouttheproblembyherself.位置：从句可放在主句之前或之后，但是放在主句之前须有逗号隔开eg:如果我有足够的钱，我就去环游世界If引导条件状语从句定义：if“如果,假如”它引导的句子表示某事发生所需的条件，即“在…条件下，某事才能发生”，在句子中充当状语，因此称之为条件状语从句。（If引导的条件状语从句表示假如有从句的动作发生，就会有主句动作的发生）IfIhaveenoughmoney,Iwilltravelaroundtheworld=IwilltravelaroundtheworldifIhaveenoughmoneyif引导的条件状语从句时态主将从现祈使句情态动词IwillsingasongifIamhappy.Don’tcrosstheroadifthelightisredYoumuststopifthetrafficlightisred.用法：1.如果主句是祈使句，从句要用一般现在时。Don’tgoandplayfootballifyoudon’tfinishyourhomework.PleasecallmeifhecomesnextSunday.if（如果）引导的条件状语从句:2.如果主句是一般将来时，if从句则用一般现在时。Ifitrains（从句），Iwillstayathome.I’llgowithyouifyoudon’twanttogoalone（从句）.3.如果主句含有must,may,can等情态动词，if从句也要用一般现在时。Ifyoudrivetoofast,youmayhaveanaccident.Youmuststopifthetrafficisred.•1.主祈从现•2.主将从现if…will/won’t•3.主情（can，may，should，must）从现1.Ifyou____(want)tolistentomusic,_____(choose)aCD.2.Ifyou___(buy)anewcamera,____(get)agoodone.3.Ifthelight___________(notcome)on,____(wait)foroneminute.4.Ifit___________(notwork),_____(wait)aminuteandthen_____(try)again.5.Ifyou________(notknow)howtousethecamera,____(read)theinstructions.wantchoosebuygetdoesn’tcomewaitdoesn’tworkwaittrydon’tknowreadCompletethesentences.2.Youmay______(pass)theexamifyou___(study)hard.4.Heaskedusifeverybody____(be)here.rainswillstaypassstudywas3.Ifyouwanttorecord,________(press)theredlight.press1.IfIt______(rain)tomorrow,I______(stay)athome.FillintheblanketswiththeproperformHaveatry用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1.Iftherain_______(stop)tonight,wewillgotothecinema.2.I’llbuyacomputerifI______(have)enoughmoney.3.You_________(notget)nervousifyou_____(do)enoughexercise.4.Ifshe____(be)kindtome,I__________(notargue)withher.5.Iwanttoknowifhe_________(come)tomorrow,ifhe_______(come),I__________(give)themassagetohim.stopshavewon’tgetdoiswon’targuewillcomecomeswillgiveif的用法2.引导条件状语从句：译为“如果，假如”(1)if从句+祈使句(2)if从句+主句（一般将来时）1.引导宾语从句：译为“是否”，表示不确定的概念。Idon’tknowifyourfathercancometogether.Canyoutellmeifmissyourparents?e.g.IfIwereyou,Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.如果他抓紧点，他会赶上火车的。IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.如果我出国了，我会去美国。3.非真实条件句（虚拟语气）：表示不可实现的条件或根本不存在的条件。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。if条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能，主将从现不一般；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时If还有“是否”意,宾语从句放后边summaryThankyou,andhaveagreatday.