高考真题及答案详解之数词与主谓一致

高考真题及答案详解数词在高考中的考查重点：1.基数词的确指和不确指；2.数词与主谓一致关系；3.dozen和score的用法；4.序数词与冠词的连用。主谓一致在高考中的考查重点：最常见的形式是主谓一致的考查；分数和百分数作主语、数量词作主语仍将是考查重点（aswellas;togetherwith;alongwith;notonly…butalso…;ratherthan;neither…nor…;either…or…;thenumberof与anumberof等要特别关注）；【2011安徽卷）27】Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich_____savedforotherpurposes.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【答案】D【考点】考查主谓一致和时态。【解析】定语从句中先行词是therawmaterials，故定语从句应与先行词数的一致，用复数，上文时态为过去式，故选D。句意为：工厂用了这种原材料的65%，剩余部分节省出来作他用。【2011湖南卷)26】Onethirdofthecountry______coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______blackpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is【答案】A【考点】考查主谓一致。【解析】整个国家为整体，三分之一的部分当然也应用单数；而themajorityofcitizens主要指人，是可数名词，此时的谓语动词用复数，表示“大多数，大部分”。〖10全国Ⅱ〗Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho_______eveningdress.A.wearB.wearsC.haswornD.haveworn〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查主谓一致和时态。〖解析〗首先theonlyoneof….为先行词时,定语从句修饰的是one,即one是主语,而非后面的复数women,根据主谓一致的原则,谓语动词应该用复数,排除A,D。另外,从“is”可以看出句子是要表示一种习惯,因此要用一般现在时,排除C,故选A〖10湖南〗Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertscausedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A.isB.areC.hasD.have〖答案〗C〖考点〗主谓一致〖解析〗根据动名词短语作主语,句子的谓语动词用单数形式,由此排除B、D两项,根据主语与caused的主动关系,排除A项〖10四川〗SuchpoetsasShakespearewidelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,somedifficulttounderstand.A.are；areB.is；isC.are；isD.is：are〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查主谓一致。〖解析〗主句中的主语应为poets,谓语动词用复数,其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为someofwhoseworks,谓语动词也应是复数。故选A。〖09山东〗ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities_______risingsteadilysince1990.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen〖答案〗C〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致和时态。〖解析〗主语是thenumber故谓语动词用单数,又因时间状语是since1997所以用完成时态。〖09四川〗Theteachertogetherwiththestudents_______discussingReadingSkillsthat______newlypublishedinAmerica.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is;was〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查主谓一致。〖解析〗AtogetherwithB作主语时谓语动词与A的单复数保持一致；第二空为定语从句that指代ReadingSkills,由于ReadingSkills是书名所以谓语动词用单数。〖09湖南〗Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents______toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be〖答案〗B〖考点〗主谓一致的用法。〖解析〗Either…or….连接两个主语,按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。Oneofyourstudents谓语应用单数形式。〖09陕西〗Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查动词时态和主谓一致。〖解析〗主语中心词是Dr.Smith,表单数,谓语动词用单数形式；时间状语是thissummer,表计划性的将来,故时态用一般将来时,选A。〖09江西〗Accordingtostatistics,amanismorethantwiceaslikelytodieofskincancer______awoman.A.thanB.suchC.soD.as〖答案〗D〖考点〗本题考查比较级的结构。〖解析〗as…..as,注意句中的morethan只是修饰twice。〖09辽宁〗Peter’sjacketlookedjustthesameasJack’s,butitcosthis.A.asmuchtwiceasB.twiceasmuchasC.muchastwiceasD.astwicemuchas〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查as----as同级比较前的修饰语位置。〖解析〗twice应该放在第一个as之前,选B符合。〖08陕西〗—Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlintheareainvited.A.wereB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.was〖答案〗D〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致。〖解析〗主语是everyboyandgirl,表示单数概念,故谓语动词用单数,且询问昨晚的情况,有明确的过去时间,所以应选择was。〖07江西〗Asurveyoftheopinionsofexpertsthatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweekgoodforone’shealth.A.show;areB.shows;isC.show;isD.shows;are〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致。〖解析〗由asurvey可知第一个空用shows,首先排除A、C两项；第二个空前的时间threehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek表示抽象概念,看作单数,故其谓语动词用单数形式。〖07湖南〗Welivedaybyday,butinthegreatthings,thetimeofdaysandweekssosmallthatadayisunimportant.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致。〖解析〗句意为:……几天和几周的时间是如此的渺小,以致于一天根本微不足道。本句用来陈述事实,用一般现在时态；空白处所在句子的主语是thetime,谓语动词应用单数形式。〖07陕西〗Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea.A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。〖解析〗分数、百分数修饰名词,谓语动词的单复数取决于名词,此处two-thirds修饰buildings,故谓语动词取决于名词复数buildings,排除B、C两项,needdoing=needtobedone意为“需要被做”。〖07上海〗Asurveyoftheopinionsofexpertsthatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweekgoodforone’shealth.A.show;areB.shows;isC.show;isD.shows;are〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致。〖解析〗由asurvey可知第一个空用shows,首先排除A、C两项；第二个空前的时间threehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek表示抽象概念,看作单数,故其谓语动词用单数形式。〖07浙江〗ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwhere____yet.A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.haven’tdecidedC.isn’tbeingdecidedD.aren’tdecided〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态。〖解析〗根据句意,此处应用被动语态,不用主动语态,故排除B；又因为whenandwhere表示单数意义,故排除D；再根据句末的yet可知,最好用现在完成时,故选A最佳。〖07浙江〗Itisreportedthatthefloodshaveleftaboutpeoplehomeless.A.twothousandB.two-thousandsC.twothousandsD.twothousandsof〖答案〗A〖考点〗本题考查数词的用法。〖解析〗hundred,thousand,million,billion,dozen,score等指具体数字时,不用复数形式；指大约数字时,常用复数形式。如：onehundred,twothousand,threemillion,hundreds/thousands/millions/billions/dozens/scoresof。〖06北京〗Shewenttothebookstoreandbought.A.dozenbooksB.dozensbooksC.dozenofbooksD.dozensofbooks〖答案〗D〖考点〗本题考查dozen的用法。〖解析〗dozen意为“一打,十二个”,与数词连用时要用单数形式。与of连用时要用复数形式。dozensof意为“若干,许许多多”。dozen与数词或many,several连用时其后不加s；dozen前有基数词表示确切数字时,其后一般不与of连用。〖06浙江〗Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-thirdusedregularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.A.isB.areC.wasD.were〖答案〗D〖考点〗本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态。〖解析〗当分数、百分数作主语时,要根据其后面的名词来决定其谓语动词的单复数。此处one-third应是one-thirdofthenotebookcomputers的省略形式,因此谓语动词用复数,且句子的时态用了过去时,所以D项正确。〖06安徽〗MostofwhathasbeensaidabouttheSmithsalsotrueoftheJohnsons.A.areB.isC.beingD.tobe〖答案〗B〖考点〗此题考查主谓一致的用法。〖解析〗名词性从句作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。另外句中betrueof意为“对……也适应”。〖06江苏〗ApoetandartistcomingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.A.isB.areC.wasD.were〖答案〗A〖考点〗此题考查主谓一致的用法。〖解析〗由时间状语