新版新目标英语八年级下册unit-3知识点总结

第1页共6页八年级英语下册单元知识点总结Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?一．重要词组及短语1.couldyoupleasedosth.?你能……吗？/请你干……好吗？2.dothechores做杂务3.dothedishes洗餐具4.sweepthefloor清扫地板5.takeoutthetrash倒垃圾6.makeone'sbed铺床7.foldone'sclothes叠衣服8.cleanthelivingroom清扫客厅9.stayoutlate晚归10.comeover过来11.haveatest考试12.getaride搭车13.useone'scomputer使用某人的电脑14.hatesth./hatetodosth./hatedoingsth.讨厌某事/做某事15.dothelaundry=dosomewashing=washclothes洗衣服17.washthecar刷车16.makebreakfast/makedinner=dosomecooking做饭18.workon从事，忙于workat学习、致力于、在……上下工夫19.borrowsomemoney借一些钱borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物(借入)lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.借给某人某物(借出)20.invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事invitesbtoaplace邀请某人去某地21.gotothestore去商店22.agreesb.todosth.同意某人做某事agreewithsb.同意某人的意见disagreesb.todosth.不同意某人做某事disagreewithsb.不同意某人的意见23.takecareof=lookafter照顾、照看、照料takegoodcareof=lookafter…well把……照管得好26.takesb.forawalk带某人去散步27.playwithsb.和某人玩28.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事(未做)forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(做过)29.关于to的短语总结：havetodosth.不得不，必须做某事needtodosth.需要做某事hatetodosth.讨厌做某事liketodosth.喜欢做某事wanttodosth.想做某事lovetodosth.热爱做某事第2页共6页forgettodosth.忘记做某事starttodosth.开始做某事begintodosth.开始做某事asksbtodosth.请某人做某事二、重点短语句型1.Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?Couldyoupleasedosth?请你（做）......好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.---Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.---Sorry,Ican’t2、takeout取出（v+adv）【注】:跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边e.g.Histeethhurtbadly.Thedentisttakethemout.【短语】takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeawalk散步takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace发生takeoff脱下；起飞3.Canyoudothedishes.？dothedishes洗碗【结构1】dothe+名词：dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【结构2】dothe+动词-ingdothecleaning打扫卫生【结构3】doone’s+名词doone’shousework/homework做家务/家庭作业【结构4】dosome+动词-ingdosomereading/shopping读写书/购物e.g.CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?1】CouldIdoasth?我可以做......吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。CouldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend?2】atleast至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)atmost至少，不超过Nowallofusexerciseatleastanhouradayandoutsideschool.3】finishv结束；完成finishdoingsth做完某事e.g.Canyoufinishreadingthesebooksbefore10o'clock?—Yes,Ican.5、IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!1】twohoursofTV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。Howtimeisflies!Threeyears__is_____(be)reallyashorttime.足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）【解析2】enoughIdon’thaveenoughmoneywithme.足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）Theriverisdeepenoughforswimming.【记】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.【注意】enough修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。6、Couldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishes?【解析】takeout拿出；取出take的用法：Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.作副词作形容词拿；取吃；喝；服用第3页共6页Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.takeTheyusuallytakethebustowork.Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.【拓展】take构成的短语：takeawalk去散步takearest休息takecareof照顾takeoff脱下；起飞takeup占据takedown拿下takeone’stime不急；慢慢来takeone’stemperature量体温7.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.【解析1】theminute=assoonas“一......就......”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.【解析2】infrontof指在物体外部的前面Thereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.【辨析】指在物体内部的前面Ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom【记】Thedriversat_____inthefrontof___________thecar.Thepolicemanstood___infrontof________thecar.【注意】有the无the区别大：attable吃饭；进餐inhospital住院atthetabel在桌边inthehospital在医院（不一定看病）【解析3】comeover过来【拓展】come短语：comeacross（偶然）发现comeback回来comeupwith想出cometrue实现comedown下来comefrom=befrom来自,出生于comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快,加油comealong走吧,过来,快点comeandgo来来去去comeup上来comeout出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来8.I’mjustastiredasyouare!as...as...和......一样......9.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.【解析】neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语“某人（主语）也不”⑴neither两者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定e.g.NeitherTomnorJimisastudent⑵表达“…也不……”则用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”e.g.—Thefirstonewasn’tbad.—Neitherwasthesecond.10.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.【解析】find+宾语+宾语补足语【注】find→found→foundv寻找(1)findsb.doingsth发现某人做某事(2)findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事很乘（车；船等）花费（时间；金钱）infrontofinthefrontof第4页共6页11.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?【解析】hangout闲逛hangup把......悬挂/挂起12.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?【解析】pass⑴v给；递；走过；通过passsb.sth把某物递给某Passon传递e.g.Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.⑵v通过；路过Ipassyourhome.⑶v通过（考试）；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.13.CouldIborrowthatbook?Couldyoulendmesomemoney?【解析】borrow/lend/keep(1)borrow借入,与from连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrowsthfromsb.从某人那里借某物e.g.Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.(2)lend借出,与to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借给某人e.g.Hedoesn’twanttolendhisbooktoothers.(3)keep保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】14.Ihatetodochores.我讨厌做家务。hatetodosth讨厌做某事,表示某次具体行为或动作。Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.15.CouldIaskyoutohelpmewithsomechoresthen?【解析】asksb.todosth要求某人做某事。askfor请求，要某物asksb.aboutsth向某人询问关于某事(1)asksb.forhelp向某人请求帮助(2)asksb.(not)todosth请求某人做某事ask构成的短语：短语含义asksb.todosth请某人做某事asksb.nottodosth不让某人做某事asksbforsth向某人要某物askforhelp寻求帮助16..CouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀请某人去某地【解析】invitev→invitationn邀请(1)invitesb.todosth邀请某人做某事(2)invitesb.to+地点邀请某人去某地17.Idon’tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.第5页共6页【解析】makesb.dosth让某人做某事make→made→madev.做，制作，使得(1)makesb/sth+形容词“让某人或某物…”makeyou