必修四Unit-2-Working-the-land----Using-language

Whatisthesubstanceweputonthesoilwhichmakescropsgrow?Itisfertilizer.Howmanykindsoffertilizersdofarmersuse?Therearetwokinds.Theyarechemicalfertilizersandnaturalones.Whichkinddofarmersusewhentheyaredoingorganicfarming?Doyouknowaboutorganicfarming?ORGANICFARMINGOrganicfarmingissimplyfarmingwithoutusinganychemicals.Scanthepassageandgetthemainidea.Chemicalfertilizerscancausemanyproblems,soorganicfarmingisbecomingmorepopular.1.Whyarechemicalfertilizerssopopularinfarmingtoday?Answerthefollowingquestionsafterreadthepassage.Theyareagreatwaytostopcropdiseaseandincreaseproduction.2.Whatproblemscanbecausedbyusingchemicalfertilizers?Theycandamagethelandbykillinghelpfulbacteriaandpestsandbystayinginthegroundandundergroundwaterforalongtime.Theydamagepeople’shealthbybuildingupintheirbodiesandleadingtocancerorotherillnesses.3.Whatisorganicfarming?Organicfarmingmeansgrowingcropswithoutusinganychemicals.4.Whatisthemainreasonforusingorganicfarmingmethods?Themainreasonforusingorganicfarmingmethodsistogrowgoodfoodandtoavoiddamagingtheenvironmentorpeople’shealth.Readthepassagecarefullyandfillintheblanks.ChemicalFarmingAdvantagesStoppingcropdiseaseandincrease__________productionChemicalFarmingDisadvan-tagesDamagingtheland:killingthehelpful________________Damagingpeople’shealth:◆Manychemicalsinthefoodsupplycanleadtocancerorotherillnesses.◆Foodgrowstoofasttobefullofmuch_______.bacteriaandpestsnutritionOrganicfarming____Togrowgoodfoodandavoiddamagingtheenvironmentorpeople’shealthGoalOrganicfarmingMethods◆Using_______wastefromanimalsasfertilizer◆Changing_____________ineachfieldeveryfewyears◆Using_____________ofsoiltoplantcrops◆Planting_____betweencropsgrassnaturalthekindofcropdifferentlevelsInwhatconditiondoyouthinkgreenfoodgrow?dirtyairdirtywatersuppliesinindustrialareasmanychemicalfertilizersclean,freshaircleanwatersuppliesawayfromindustrialareasfreeofchemicalfertilizersPersuadefarmerstogrowthecropsbyorganicfarmingwiththeknowledgeyouhavelearnt.Whatisorganicfarming?Whatfertilizershouldtheyuse?Why?Howtoplantthedifferentcrops?...1.Thesechemicalsinthefoodsupplybuildupinpeople’sbodiesovertime.【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并从a-d中找出与1-4中的buildup相符合的释义。1.Theygavehimsouptobuildhimup.2.She’sbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusiness.3.Themuseumhasbuiltupafineartcollection.4.Ifyoudon’texpressyourfeelings,frustrationandangercanbuildup.a.逐渐增强，变得严重起来b.积累，积聚c.加强（力量），增强（体质）d.建立，开发【自我归纳】通过观察上面的句子，我们可以知道，buildup的意思分别为：1→________；2→________；3→________；4→________。【即学即练】翻译下面句子。1.Takingexercisewillbuildupyourstrength._________________________________c锻炼将增强你的体质。dba2.Trafficisbuildinguponroadsintothecity.___________________________________________________3.We’vebuiltupgoodrelationshipswithourcustomers.___________________________________________________来往的车辆在通往市区的道路上越聚越多。我们与我们的顾客之间已经建立起良好的关系。2.Manyofthesechemicalscanleadtocancer...很多化学成份能导致癌症……阅读下列句子,注意leadto的意思和用法。1)Hiscarelessnessledtotheaccident.2)Thistestisobviouslybadbecauseitleadstoincorrectlearning.3)Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadstoillness.[自我归纳]leadto意为“_________________”,后多跟名词或代词。导致、造成(后果)[联想]resultin引起(某种结果)、使获得(某种成果)、结果……如：Theaccidentresultedintwodeaths.resultfrom由……造成、因……而产生如：Sicknesssometimesresultsfromeatingtoomuch.[即学即练]用leadto的适当形式完成句子。1)Studentsshouldalwaysrememberthathardworkisthemainwaywhich_______success.2)Thebadweather_____aterribleaccidentafewdaysago.ledtoleadsto3.Theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.农民关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。根据语境推断focus在下列句子中的含义,并从a-d中找出与每句话中的focus相符合的英文释义。a.thething,person,situation,etc.thatpeoplepayspecialattentiontob.apointordistanceatwhichtheoutlineofanobjectisclearlyseenbytheeyeorthroughalensc.topointacameraatsomething,andchangethecontrolsslightlysothatyoucanseethatthingclearlyd.togivespecialattentiontooneparticularpersonorthing,ortomakepeopledothis1.Thefocusofthemeetingchangedfrompopulationgrowthtotheeducationofwomen.2.Bringtheobjectintofocusifyouwantaclearphotograph.3.Shetriedtofocushermindonherwork.4.SheturnedthecameraandfocusedonMartin’sface.cabdfocusn.焦点、中心点v.集中、聚焦focuson集中(注意力、精力等)于[翻译]1)Becauseofhisstrangeclothes,heimmediatelybecamethefocusofattentionwhenheenteredtheoffice.由于他的奇装异服,所以一走进办公室他便成了大家注意的焦点。2)Focusyourcameraonthosetrees.3)I’msotiredthatIcan’tfocusonanythingtoday.把照相机的焦点集中在那些树上。今天我太累了,精神集中不起来。4.Thisalsokeepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefromchemicals.同时还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。keep…freefrom远离，避免keepfreefromemotionalreactions避免激动的反应keepfreefromrestrictions避免受到限制5.Cropssuchaspeasorsoybeansputimportantmineralsbackintothesoil,makingitreadyforcropssuchaswheatorcornthatneedrichandfertilesoil.像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物。[分析]①本句结构比较复杂。其主干结构为:主句(Cropsputimportantmineralsbackintothesoil)+状语(makingitreadyforcrops)。②状语中又包含“make+it+形容词”结构和由that引导的定语从句(thatneedrichandfertilesoil)。6.Someorganicfarmerspreferplantinggrassbetweencropstopreventwindorwaterfromcarryingawaythesoil,andthenleavingitinthegroundtobecomeanaturalfertilizerforthenextyear’scrop.还有一些有机耕作者喜欢在农作物之间种草，以防止水土流失，并且把草留在地里，从而成为来年农作物的天然肥料。[分析]①本句的主干结构是一个简单句,其结构是:主语(farmers)+谓语(prefer)+并列宾语(planting...+lea