年产10万吨氯乙烯工艺设计讲解

本科毕业设计(2016届)题目：年产10万吨氯乙烯工艺设计学院：化学化工学院专业：化学工程与工艺学生姓名：郑浩东学号：21207052076指导教师：詹益民职称（学位）：合作导师：职称（学位）：完成时间：2016年月日成绩：黄山学院教务处制学位论文原创性声明兹呈交的学位论文，是本人在指导老师指导下独立完成的研究成果。本人在论文写作中参考的其他个人或集体的研究成果，均在文中以明确方式标明。本人依法享有和承担由此论文而产生的权利和责任。声明人（签名）：年月日年产10万吨氯乙烯工艺设计Processdesignofvinylchloridewithannaloutputof100kt目录摘要.............................................................IAbstract........................................................II前言............................................................1第一章绪论.....................................................21.1聚氯乙烯..............................................................21.1.1聚氯乙烯性质和用途...............................................21.2氯乙烯VC..............................................................31.2．1氯乙烯在国民经济中的地位和作用..................................31.2.3我国VC的产需状况及预测..........................................31.3氯乙烯制取方法........................................................31.4氯乙烯的合成.........................................................31.4.1反应机理.........................................................41.4.2催化剂的选取.....................................................41.5氯乙烯生产工艺流程简述................................................41.5.1生产工艺流程.....................................................41.5.2主要原料和产物的物化性质.........................................5第二章工艺计算..................................................62.1物料衡算..............................................................62.1.1计算依据.........................................................62.1.2各单元的物料衡算.................................................72.2热量衡算.............................................................152.2.1热量衡算式......................................................152.2.2有关物化数据表..................................................152.2.3相应各个设备的热量衡算..........................................16第三章主要设备及管道管径设计与选型.............................223.1转化器的设计与选型...................................................223.1.1已知条件........................................................223.1.2数据计算........................................................233.1.3手孔............................................................253.1.4封头的选择......................................................253.2精馏塔的设计与选型...................................................253.2.1求精馏塔的气、液相负荷..........................................273.2.2求操作线方程....................................................273.2.3塔径的计算......................................................283.2.4精馏塔有效高度的计算............................................313.2.5管径的计算......................................................313.3主要管道管径的计算与选型.............................................383.3.1HCl进料管......................................................383.3.2乙炔气进料管....................................................393.3.3石墨冷却器的进料管..............................................393.3.4多筒过滤器的进料管..............................................393.3.5转化器的进料管..................................................403.3.6转化器的出料管..................................................403.3.7石墨冷却器进料管................................................403.3.8部分管道一览表..................................................41第四章生产中的注意事项.........................................414.1生产中常见物质的危害及处理方法........................错误!未定义书签。结论..........................................................42参考文献........................................................44附录............................................................44附录A工艺流程图........................................................54附录B主要设备图.........................................................44I年产10万吨氯乙烯工艺设计化学化工学院化学工程与工艺郑浩东（21207052076）指导老师：詹益民摘要：氯乙烯是化学工业重要有机化工原料，其市场供需量也愈来愈庞大，在化工生产中的地位不断攀升。由于近年来全世界氯乙烯的生产发展很快，其产量及消费需求也都迅猛增长;而在国内也随着我国聚氯乙烯等行业的不断发展，带动了我国氯乙烯消费量的不断增加。本设计主要对氯乙烯的物性、用途及国内外生产消费现状进行分析，对其现有各种生产工艺做简要介绍，根据设计任务要求确定了本生产工艺流程，对氯乙烯的生产、分离及提纯阶段精馏塔进行详细计算，并根据物性及操作条件等综合因素对塔设备结构进行计算、设计、选型，对辅助设备进行相应的设计计算。做出我认为年产20万吨氯乙烯理想的设计方案。关键字：增加；氯乙烯；聚氯乙烯；精馏塔；计算IIProcessdesignofvinylchloridewithannaloutputof100ktAbstract:Vinylchlorideisanimportantorganicchemicalrawmaterialsinchemicalindustry,itsmarketsupplyanddemandquantitywillbecomemoreandmorelargeandthepositionofVinylchloridewillberiseinchemicalproduction.Duetotheproductionofvinylchlorideisdevelopingveryfastintheworld,theproductionandconsumptiondemandaregrowingrapidly;WiththecontinuousdevelopmentofPVCindustryinChina,ourcountry'svinylchlorideconsumptionalsoincreased.Thisdesignmainlyanalyzethevinylchloride’sphysicalproperties,useandproduction,andconsumptionstatusathomeandabroad.Alsobrifelyintroducingtheexistingproductionprocess.Accordingtotherequirementofdesigntask,makingsuretheproductionprocessandcalculatingtheproduction,separationandpurificationofvinylchloride.Consideringthecomprehensivefactorssuchasphysicalproperties,operatingconditionsandsoon,wecalculatethetowerequipment‘sstructure,design,selecttype,andcalculatethedesignofauxiliaryequipment.Finallymakingtheidealdesignschemefrommysidewhichcanoutput100ktofvinylchlorideeveryyearKeywords:Ad