中考专项复习介词

时间介词方位介词方式介词其他介词固定搭配中考介词考查的五种方式:1.at,on,inat+具体的钟点(at7o'clock)；on+星期/具体的日期/某天的上午、下午、晚上(onthemorningofOctober19th)；in+年/月/季节/泛指的上午、下午、晚上(intheevening)。考点一：时间介词2.in,afterin和after都可表示“在一段时间以后”，但in常与一般将来时连用，而after常与一般过去时连用。考点一：时间介词3.until,till可构成not...until/till句型，此时句中动词为短暂性动词。若until/till用在肯定句中，句中动词为延续性动词。4.for,sincefor后跟时间段，since后跟时间点，均可与现在完成时连用。1.at,in,fromat和in指在某处。at+相对较小的地点；in+相对较大的地点。from指来自某处。e.g.Theyarrivedatourschoolyesterday.OurteachersarrivedinBeijingthismorning.JaneisfromtheU.S.A.考点二：方位介词2.in,on,to,offin,on和to常用于表示两个地方的位置关系。in表示在某一范围内部；on表示接壤；to表示不在范围内，即二者之间有距离间隔，也不接壤;off通常表示两地的距离。e.g.DalianisinthenorthofChina.HubeiisonthenorthofHunan.AustralialiestothesouthofChina.Theyarrivedatahouseoffthemainroad.3.across,throughacross和through都有“从一边到另一边”的意思。across主要指“(从某物的表面上)横过”；through主要指“(从某物的空间内)穿过”。e.g.Becarefulwhenyouwalkacrosstheroad.Theoldmanwentthroughtheforest.4.between,among,ofbetween表示“在两者之间”,可构成between...and...短语。among表示“在三者或三者以上之间；……之一”；of表示范围，“在……中”。e.g.Theteacherwasstandingamongagroupofstudents.Thereisalongbridgebetweenthetwocities.There’ssnowatthetopofthemountain.5.above,over,on&below,under&againstabove表示“在……上方；在……之上”，不一定在正上方，反义词为below；over表示“在……的上方”，强调位于物体正上方，反义词为under；on表示“在……上”，强调两个物体间有接触；against表示“倚；靠；撞”。e.g.Aplaneisflyingaboveus.Icouldhearthenoiseintheyardbelowmywindow.Therearemanybooksontheshelf.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Thereisaballundertheteacher’sdesk.Bobsatdownagainstatree.1.by,through,in,withby和through都表示“通过……方式/方法”；in表示“使用(某种语言)”；with表示“用，使用……”。考点三：方式介词e.g.Iusuallygotoschoolbybike.MarystudiesEnglishbylisteningtotapes.Hebecamerichthroughhardwork.CanyousayitinEnglish?Hewrotealetterwithapen.1.including,besides,exceptincluding包含，包括besides除了……之外(还有)except除了……之外(不包括)考点四：其他介词e.g.Therearefiveboysplayingtheguitar,includingJack.AllthestudentscleanedtheparkbesidesTom.(汤姆也打扫了)EveryonecomeshereexceptMary.2.with,withoutwith和……在一起；具有(品质、特征等)；带有；随着without没有考点四：其他介词e.g.Jennyisplayingfootballwithherfriendsnow.Therewasabiglivingroomwithakitchenandabedroom.Jackcameintothehousewithoutknockingatthedoor.3.for,against,beyondfor支持against反对beyond超过注意：for还可以表示价格和目的。考点四：其他介词e.g.Areyoufororagainsttheplan?Theyareallagainstmydecision.Itisbeyondhumanpower.4.for,to一些动词可带双宾语，当先说直接宾语(表物)时，间接宾语(表人)前可以用for，也可以用to。有些动词与for搭配，如buy/make/sing/cook/write/draw/order/choosesth.forsb.；有些动词则与to搭配，如give/send/lend/pass/tell/show/offer/hand/throwsth.tosb.等。考点四：其他介词e.g.Shemadeadressforherdaughter.TheydecidedtoadvertisetheirnewproductonTV.5.for,of可用于句型“Itis+形容词+for/ofsb.todosth.”中。forsb.用于引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，而ofsb.则用在某些具有评价人物行为意味的形容词之后，点明形容词所涉及的对象。这类形容词有kind,nice,good,careful,careless,crazy,foolish,wise,rude,impolite,right,brave等。考点四：其他介词e.g.ItisimpossibleforSamtocookabigdinnerforus.Itiskindofyoutohelpmewithmyhomework.介词在实际使用中常常与其他词构成固定搭配，需要大家随时积累并熟记。考点五：固定搭配1)Happybirthday,Peter!Here’sagift______you.(2018北京中考)A.forB.inC.withD.fromA2)StephenHawkingwasfamous_______ascientist,hemadeagreatcontributiontotheworld,andhedied______March14th,2018.(2018黑龙江龙东)A.for;onB.as;inC.as;onB3)Let’sputthepianooverthere,__________thewall.(2018江苏无锡)A.aboveB.againstC.acrossD.aroundB4)PresidentXisaidthatpeopleintheworldshouldbuildacommunity__________asharedfuture.(2018江苏盐城)A.toB.atC.withD.fromC5)—Howsoonwillwegettheofferfromanewhighschool?—____abouttwomonths.(2018广东省)A.InB.ForC.AmongD.DuringA6)TheprogramI’masingerisquitepopular______studentsthesedays.Theyoftentalkaboutitbetweenclasses.(2018四川乐山)A.forB.withC.inB7)Inthepicture,hesits________me,lookingveryhappy.(2018天津)A.besideB.amongC.upD.throughA8)—Whoistheboy______ablueT-shirt?—Heismycousin.(2018海南中考)A.onB.inC.ofB9)Don’tstayinside__________suchasunnymorning.Let’sgoouttoenjoythegentlewindandthesweetflowers.(2018山东滨州)A.onB.inC.fromD.atA10)Ourclassaremuchsuretowinthebasketballgame______ClassThree.(2018安徽)A.ofB.inC.againstD.fromCA11)AllroadsleadtoRome.Theroadsarejust_____yourfeet.(2018湖南株洲)A.underB.inC.on