美国独立战争(英文)

TheWarofIndependenceMyquestion:HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheAmericanflag?IntroductionI.ThebackgroundofthewarII.CauseblastingfuseIII.Process1.Theoutsetofwar2.Thewideningtheatreofwar3.Turningpoint4.FinalVictory5.PeacetreatyⅣ.ThespritoftheAmericansⅤ.SignificanceI.Thebackgroundofthewar1.1TheSevenYears’War/theFrenchandIndianWar(1756---1763)theculminationofaseriesofwarsbetweenFranceandBritaintheBritishwontheWarThePeaceofParis(1763)wassignedthatFrancecededCanadaandterritorieseastoftheMississippiRivertoBritainBritainwerebadlyinneedofmoneyandimposednewtaxesuponcolonists1.2ConflictbetweenBritainandAmericancoloniststheSugarAct(1764),theStampAct(1767),theQuarteringAct(1765),theTownshendAct(1767)andtheTeaAct(1773)resistanceofthecolonies:by1770alltaxeswererepealedexcepttaxonteaⅡ.CAUSE1.TheeconomicdevelopmentofNorthAmerica，Britishcolonies2.TheformationoftheAmericannation3.NorthAmerica'sactiverequestgettingridofBritishoppressionfornationalindependence4.BritishcolonialoppressionandexploitationBlastingFuse►Boston'TeaParty',16December1773Ⅲ.PROCESS•1.Theoutsetofwar•2.Thewideningtheatreofwar•3.Turningpoint•4.FinalVictory•5.Peacetreaty3.1TheoutsetofwarTheFirstShotofLexington(April18,1775.)FormanarmyWhen?Inmid-1775Where?InPhiladelphiaTheContinentalCongressWho?Patriotrepresentativesofthe13coloniesofAmericaWhat?AppointedGeorgeWashingtonascommanderinchiefoftheContinentalArmyFormastateTheDeclarationofIndependence(July4,1776)AnnouncingthebirthoftheUnitedStatesTheDeclarationofIndependenceINCONGRESS,JULY4,1776THEUNANIMOUSDECLARATIONOFTHETHIRTEENUNITEDSTATESOFAMERAICATheDeclarationofIndependenceWeholdthesetruthstobeself-evident:thatallmenarecreatedequal;thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertainunalienablerights,thatamongthesearelife,libertyandthepursuitofhappiness……我们认为下面这些真理是不可言喻的：造物者创造了平等的个人，并赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。3.2ThewideningtheatreofwarSaratoga'sgreatvictory(萨拉托加大捷)TimeIn1777October17ProcessIll-judgedofBritisharmyResultLieutenantGeneralJohnBurgoynewasforcedtosurrenderwithhisentirearmySignificanceIn1780awiderLeagueofArmedNeutralitywasformedTheformidableadversaries--TheBritisharmyBritishregularshadanimpressivecombinationofdisciplineandtacticalskillTheformidableadversariesTheAmericanarmy3.3Turningpoint•TimeInthespringof1781•Process★AdmiraldeGrasse,madeaattempttosecurecontroloftheseaofftheChesapeakeBay★FrenchandAmericansmountedaformalsiegeagainstCornwallis3.4Finalvictory---Yorktowncampaign(约克镇战役)OnOctober19,1781,theBritishgeneralCornwallistogetherwithhisseveralthousandsoldiers,surrenderedtoGeorgeWashington.ThewarendedinvictoryfortheAmericans.TheBritishsurrenderatYorktown,17October17813.5Peacetreaty--TreatyofVersaillesThetreatywassignedinParisin1783.BritishrecognizedAmericanindependence.Thepeacetreatyacknowledgedtheindependence,freedom,andsovereigntyofthe13states.thedraftofTreatyOfParisⅣ.ThespritoftheAmericansthepatriotshadalwaysbeenlikelytowin,providedtheystruggledonandavoidedoutrightdefeatspritoftheAmericansThesongofbattle--YankeeDoodle…AndtherewasCaptainWashingtonUponaslappingstallion.GivingorderstohismenIguesstherewereamillion.YankeeDoodlekeepitup，YankeeDoodledandy！Mindthemusicandthestepandwiththegirlsbehandy.YankeeDoodlegiveatune，itcomesinmightyhandy.TheenemyallrunsawayatYankeeDoodledandy！YankeeDoodlekeepitup，YankeeDoodledandy！Mindthemusicandthestepandwiththegirlsbehandy.Spritof'76Ⅴ.SignificanceTheAmericanWarofIndependencewasofgreathistoricalimportanceandinfluence.AnewrepublicemergedanditmarkedanewbeginningofAmericanhistory.Ittellstheworldthatajustcausewillsoonerorlaterwinwhiletheevilcausewillcertainlylose.ThevictoryoftheAmericanpeoplealsogreatlyencouragedthepeopleinthecoloniesruledbytheSpanishandpromotedthenationalliberationstruggleoftheothercoloniesintheworld.